@article {3587,
	title = {HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis co-detection in young asymptomatic women from high incidence area for cervical cancer.},
	journal = {J Med Virol},
	volume = {86},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 Nov},
	pages = {1920-5},
	abstract = {<p>Chlamydia trachomatis causing chronic inflammatory diseases has investigated as possible human papillomavirus (HPV) cofactor in cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and HPV co-infection in different cohorts of asymptomatic women from a Northern Italy area at high incidence for cervical cancer. Cervical samples from 441 females were collected from Cervical Cancer Screening Program, Sexually Transmitted Infectious and Assisted Reproductive Technology centres. HPV and Chlamydia trachomatis were detected simultaneously and genotyped using a highly sensitive bead based assay. The overall prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis was estimated 9.7\%, in contrast with the reported national data of 2.3\%, and co-infection with HPV was diagnosed in the 17\% of the samples. In females <= 25 years of age, the infection reached a peak of 22\% and co-infection with HPV of 45.8\% (P < 0.001). Of note, in young females diagnosed with low grade cervical lesions, no significant difference between Chlamydia trachomatis and HPV distribution was observed, while differently, HPV co-infection was found significantly associated to the presence of intraepithelial lesions when compared to older females (20\% vs. 1\%; P < 0.001). In this study, the use of a high sensitive molecular technique exhibited higher analytical sensitivity than the referred assays for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis and HPV co-infection in asymptomatic females, leading to reduction of the potential to identify incorrectly the infection status. An active screening for timely treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis infection is suggested in young females to evaluate a possible decrease in incidence of pre-cancer intraepithelial lesions.</p>},
	keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Cervix Uteri, Chlamydia Infections, Chlamydia trachomatis, Coinfection, Female, Genotype, Humans, Incidence, Italy, Middle Aged, Papillomaviridae, Papillomavirus Infections, Prevalence, Young Adult},
	issn = {1096-9071},
	doi = {10.1002/jmv.24041},
	author = {Bellaminutti, Serena and Seraceni, Silva and De Seta, Francesco and Gheit, Tarik and Tommasino, Massimo and Comar, Manola}
}
@article {1972,
	title = {Comparison of hybrid capture II, linear array, and a bead-based multiplex genotyping assay for detection of human papillomavirus in women with negative pap test results and atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.},
	journal = {J Clin Microbiol},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2012},
	month = {2012 Dec},
	pages = {4041-6},
	abstract = {<p>Many methods with different levels of analytical sensitivity and clinical specificity have been developed to detect the presence of high-risk (HR) types of the human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical samples. The Hybrid Capture II (HC-II) assay is broadly used for primary screening. In addition, several HPV genotyping assays, based on PCR methods, display higher sensitivity than the HC-II and are also used in screening programs. We evaluated the performance of three HPV DNA tests, namely, the HC-II, the Linear Array (LA) HPV genotyping assay, and an HPV type-specific E7 PCR bead-based multiplex genotyping assay (TS-MPG) that is a laboratory-developed method for the detection of HPV, in 94 women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and in cytological samples from 86 women with a negative Pap test. The HPV prevalence with the TS-MPG assay was increased compared to the prevalence with the LA and HC-II assays. The HPV DNA prevalence in women with ASC-US was greater with the TS-MPG assay (46.2\%) than with the LA (36.3\%) and HC-II (29.7\%) assays. The HPV DNA prevalence in the control group was greater with the TS-MPG assay (32.1\%) than with the LA assay (10.7\%). Two women with ASC-US who were HPV DNA negative by the HC-II and positive by the TS-MPG or/and LA assays had lesions that progressed to low-grade squamous intraepithelial and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. This study shows that the TS-MPG assay exhibited higher analytical sensitivity than the LA and HC-II assays for the detection of HPV DNA, which reduces the potential to incorrectly identify a woman{\textquoteright}s HPV infection status.</p>},
	keywords = {Adult, DNA, Viral, Female, Humans, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Papillomavirus Infections, Sensitivity and Specificity, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, Virology},
	issn = {1098-660X},
	doi = {10.1128/JCM.02105-12},
	author = {Comar, Manola and Iannacone, Michelle R and Casalicchio, Giorgia and McKay-Chopin, Sandrine and Tommasino, Massimo and Gheit, Tarik}
}
