@article {3590, title = {Breastfeeding and migraine drugs.}, journal = {Eur J Clin Pharmacol}, volume = {70}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Nov}, pages = {1313-24}, abstract = {

PURPOSE: Breastfeeding women may suffer from migraine. While we have many drugs for its treatment and prophylaxis, the majority are poorly studied in breastfeeding women. We conducted a review of the most common anti-migraine drugs (AMDs) and we determined their lactation risk.

METHODS: For each AMD, we collected all retrievable data from Hale{\textquoteright}s Medications and Mother Milk (2012), from the LactMed database (2014) of the National Library of Medicine, and from a MedLine Search of relevant studies published in the last 10 years.

RESULTS: According to our review, AMDs safe during breastfeeding are as follows: low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), ibuprofen, sumatriptan, metoprolol, propranolol, verapamil, amitriptyline, escitalopram, paroxetine, sertraline, acetaminophen, caffeine, and metoclopramide. AMDs compatible with breastfeeding but warranting caution are as follows: diclofenac, ketoprofen, naproxen, most new triptans, topiramate, valproate, venlafaxine, and cyproheptadine. Finally, high-dose ASA, atenolol, nadolol, cinnarizine, flunarizine, ergotamine, methysergide, and pizotifen are contraindicated.

CONCLUSIONS: According to our review, the majority of the revised AMDs were assessed to be compatible with breastfeeding.

}, keywords = {Adrenergic beta-Antagonists, Analgesics, Non-Narcotic, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Anticonvulsants, Antidepressive Agents, Breast Feeding, Calcium Channel Blockers, Female, Humans, Migraine Disorders, Tryptamines}, issn = {1432-1041}, doi = {10.1007/s00228-014-1748-0}, author = {Davanzo, Riccardo and Bua, Jenny and Paloni, Giulia and Facchina, Giulia} } @article {3533, title = {Breastfeeding during pregnancy: safety and socioeconomic status.}, journal = {Breastfeed Med}, volume = {9}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Jul-Aug}, pages = {322}, keywords = {Breast Feeding, Female, Humans, Lactation, Male, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Weaning}, issn = {1556-8342}, doi = {10.1089/bfm.2014.0045}, author = {Monasta, Lorenzo and Cetin, Irene and Davanzo, Riccardo} } @article {1878, title = {Breastfeeding and neonatal weight loss in healthy term infants.}, journal = {J Hum Lact}, volume = {29}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 Feb}, pages = {45-53}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Neonatal weight loss is universally recognized, yet poorly understood. Limited professional consensus exists on the definition of lower limit of safe weight loss.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to assess the extent of neonatal weight loss and its association with selected clinical variables in a population of healthy term infants cared for using a specific protocol on weight loss.

METHODS: We retrospectively considered 1003 infants consecutively admitted to the regular nursery of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health "Burlo Garofolo" (Trieste, Italy). We studied the relationship of selected variables with neonatal weight loss recorded during the hospital stay. We also analyzed all readmissions in the first month of life as a result of weight loss and its complications.

RESULTS: We observed a mean absolute weight loss of 228 g {\textpm} 83g, and a mean percent weight loss of 6.7\% {\textpm} 2.2\%. Weight loss >= 10\% and > 12\% were 6\% and 0.3\%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, cesarean section, hot season, any formula feeding, and jaundice not requiring phototherapy were independently associated with neonatal weight loss >= 8\%. Conversely, low gestational age status was associated with lower weight loss. Readmission within the first month of life because of dehydration occurred in 0.3\% of infants.

CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding, compared to formula feeding, may not be a risk factor for greater early neonatal weight loss, at least in contexts in which weight is routinely monitored, breastfeeding is repeatedly assessed and appropriately supported, and careful supplementation is prescribed to limit and promptly treat excess weight loss and its related complications.

}, keywords = {Apgar Score, Breast Feeding, Delivery, Obstetric, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Length of Stay, Patient Readmission, Retrospective Studies, Seasons, Weight Loss}, issn = {1552-5732}, doi = {10.1177/0890334412444005}, author = {Davanzo, Riccardo and Cannioto, Zemira and Ronfani, Luca and Monasta, Lorenzo and Demarini, Sergio} } @article {1952, title = {Breastfeeding at NICU discharge: a multicenter Italian study.}, journal = {J Hum Lact}, volume = {29}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 Aug}, pages = {374-80}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Human milk is the optimal form of nutrition for infants, especially sick or compromised infants, yet international data suggest that breastfeeding (feeding at the breast) and the use of expressed human milk (mother{\textquoteright}s and donor{\textquoteright}s milk) are limited in patients cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine feeding status at hospital discharge among high risk infants.

METHODS: We used the 1991 World Health Organization infant feeding definitions, applied to the 72 hour period preceding discharge from the NICU. The study sample consisted of all high risk infants discharged from July 1, 2005, to June 30, 2006 from 13 Italian NICUs. Data on infant feeding in the last 72 hours were collected at discharge from the medical records.

RESULTS: We recorded data from 2948 subjects with a median gestational age of 35 weeks (IQR, 32-38), a median birth weight of 2200 g (IQR, 1630-2920) and a median length of stay of 16 days (IQR, 8-33). At discharge, 28\% of all infants were fed exclusively with human milk: 31\%, 25\%, 22\% and 33\% respectively in the <1500 g, 1500-2000 g, 2000-2499 g and >= 2500 g birth weight categories. The proportion of infants not fed with human milk varied from 6 to 82\% across different centers.

CONCLUSION: Our study found limited breastfeeding and use of human milk among the NICU infants at discharge. At discharge, infants with a birth weight 1500-2499 g were fed exclusively with human milk less than those in higher or lower birth weight categories.

}, keywords = {Breast Feeding, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Italy, Logistic Models, Multivariate Analysis, Patient Discharge}, issn = {1552-5732}, doi = {10.1177/0890334412451055}, author = {Davanzo, Riccardo and Monasta, Lorenzo and Ronfani, Luca and Brovedani, Pierpaolo and Demarini, Sergio} }