@article {8484, title = {Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {533}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 May 26}, pages = {539-42}, abstract = {

Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20\% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.

}, keywords = {Alzheimer Disease, Bipolar Disorder, Brain, Cognition, Computational Biology, Educational Status, Fetus, Gene Expression Regulation, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genome-Wide Association Study, Great Britain, Humans, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Schizophrenia}, issn = {1476-4687}, doi = {10.1038/nature17671}, author = {Okbay, Aysu and Beauchamp, Jonathan P and Fontana, Mark Alan and Lee, James J and Pers, Tune H and Rietveld, Cornelius A and Turley, Patrick and Chen, Guo-Bo and Emilsson, Valur and Meddens, S Fleur W and Oskarsson, Sven and Pickrell, Joseph K and Thom, Kevin and Timshel, Pascal and de Vlaming, Ronald and Abdellaoui, Abdel and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S and Bacelis, Jonas and Baumbach, Clemens and Bjornsdottir, Gyda and Brandsma, Johannes H and Pina Concas, Maria and Derringer, Jaime and Furlotte, Nicholas A and Galesloot, Tessel E and Girotto, Giorgia and Gupta, Richa and Hall, Leanne M and Harris, Sarah E and Hofer, Edith and Horikoshi, Momoko and Huffman, Jennifer E and Kaasik, Kadri and Kalafati, Ioanna P and Karlsson, Robert and Kong, Augustine and Lahti, Jari and van der Lee, Sven J and deLeeuw, Christiaan and Lind, Penelope A and Lindgren, Karl-Oskar and Liu, Tian and Mangino, Massimo and Marten, Jonathan and Mihailov, Evelin and Miller, Michael B and van der Most, Peter J and Oldmeadow, Christopher and Payton, Antony and Pervjakova, Natalia and Peyrot, Wouter J and Qian, Yong and Raitakari, Olli and Rueedi, Rico and Salvi, Erika and Schmidt, B{\"o}rge and Schraut, Katharina E and Shi, Jianxin and Smith, Albert V and Poot, Raymond A and St Pourcain, Beate and Teumer, Alexander and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Verweij, Niek and Vuckovic, Dragana and Wellmann, Juergen and Westra, Harm-Jan and Yang, Jingyun and Zhao, Wei and Zhu, Zhihong and Alizadeh, Behrooz Z and Amin, Najaf and Bakshi, Andrew and Baumeister, Sebastian E and Biino, Ginevra and B{\o}nnelykke, Klaus and Boyle, Patricia A and Campbell, Harry and Cappuccio, Francesco P and Davies, Gail and De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel and Deloukas, Panos and Demuth, Ilja and Ding, Jun and Eibich, Peter and Eisele, Lewin and Eklund, Niina and Evans, David M and Faul, Jessica D and Feitosa, Mary F and Forstner, Andreas J and Gandin, Ilaria and Gunnarsson, Bjarni and Halld{\'o}rsson, Bjarni V and Harris, Tamara B and Heath, Andrew C and Hocking, Lynne J and Holliday, Elizabeth G and Homuth, Georg and Horan, Michael A and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and de Jager, Philip L and Joshi, Peter K and Jugessur, Astanand and Kaakinen, Marika A and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Kanoni, Stavroula and Keltigangas-J{\"a}rvinen, Liisa and Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M and Kolcic, Ivana and Koskinen, Seppo and Kraja, Aldi T and Kroh, Martin and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Latvala, Antti and Launer, Lenore J and Lebreton, Ma{\"e}l P and Levinson, Douglas F and Lichtenstein, Paul and Lichtner, Peter and Liewald, David C M and Loukola, Anu and Madden, Pamela A and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and M{\"a}ki-Opas, Tomi and Marioni, Riccardo E and Marques-Vidal, Pedro and Meddens, Gerardus A and McMahon, George and Meisinger, Christa and Meitinger, Thomas and Milaneschi, Yusplitri and Milani, Lili and Montgomery, Grant W and Myhre, Ronny and Nelson, Christopher P and Nyholt, Dale R and Ollier, William E R and Palotie, Aarno and Paternoster, Lavinia and Pedersen, Nancy L and Petrovic, Katja E and Porteous, David J and R{\"a}ikk{\"o}nen, Katri and Ring, Susan M and Robino, Antonietta and Rostapshova, Olga and Rudan, Igor and Rustichini, Aldo and Salomaa, Veikko and Sanders, Alan R and Sarin, Antti-Pekka and Schmidt, Helena and Scott, Rodney J and Smith, Blair H and Smith, Jennifer A and Staessen, Jan A and Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth and Strauch, Konstantin and Terracciano, Antonio and Tobin, Martin D and Ulivi, Sheila and Vaccargiu, Simona and Quaye, Lydia and van Rooij, Frank J A and Venturini, Cristina and Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and V{\"o}lzke, Henry and Vonk, Judith M and Vozzi, Diego and Waage, Johannes and Ware, Erin B and Willemsen, Gonneke and Attia, John R and Bennett, David A and Berger, Klaus and Bertram, Lars and Bisgaard, Hans and Boomsma, Dorret I and Borecki, Ingrid B and B{\"u}ltmann, Ute and Chabris, Christopher F and Cucca, Francesco and Cusi, Daniele and Deary, Ian J and Dedoussis, George V and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Eriksson, Johan G and Franke, Barbara and Franke, Lude and Gasparini, Paolo and Gejman, Pablo V and Gieger, Christian and Grabe, Hans-J{\"o}rgen and Gratten, Jacob and Groenen, Patrick J F and Gudnason, Vilmundur and van der Harst, Pim and Hayward, Caroline and Hinds, David A and Hoffmann, Wolfgang and Hypp{\"o}nen, Elina and Iacono, William G and Jacobsson, Bo and J{\"a}rvelin, Marjo-Riitta and J{\"o}ckel, Karl-Heinz and Kaprio, Jaakko and Kardia, Sharon L R and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Lehrer, Steven F and Magnusson, Patrik K E and Martin, Nicholas G and McGue, Matt and Metspalu, Andres and Pendleton, Neil and Penninx, Brenda W J H and Perola, Markus and Pirastu, Nicola and Pirastu, Mario and Polasek, Ozren and Posthuma, Danielle and Power, Christine and Province, Michael A and Samani, Nilesh J and Schlessinger, David and Schmidt, Reinhold and S{\o}rensen, Thorkild I A and Spector, Tim D and Stefansson, Kari and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Thurik, A Roy and Timpson, Nicholas J and Tiemeier, Henning and Tung, Joyce Y and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Vitart, Veronique and Vollenweider, Peter and Weir, David R and Wilson, James F and Wright, Alan F and Conley, Dalton C and Krueger, Robert F and Davey Smith, George and Hofman, Albert and Laibson, David I and Medland, Sarah E and Meyer, Michelle N and Yang, Jian and Johannesson, Magnus and Visscher, Peter M and Esko, T{\~o}nu and Koellinger, Philipp D and Cesarini, David and Benjamin, Daniel J} } @article {7691, title = {Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.}, journal = {Nature}, volume = {518}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Feb 12}, pages = {197-206}, abstract = {

Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P~<~5~{\texttimes}~10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for \~{}2.7\% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20\% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.

}, keywords = {Adipogenesis, Adiposity, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Continental Population Groups, Energy Metabolism, Europe, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glutamic Acid, Humans, Insulin, Male, Obesity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Synapses}, issn = {1476-4687}, doi = {10.1038/nature14177}, author = {Locke, Adam E and Kahali, Bratati and Berndt, Sonja I and Justice, Anne E and Pers, Tune H and Day, Felix R and Powell, Corey and Vedantam, Sailaja and Buchkovich, Martin L and Yang, Jian and Croteau-Chonka, Damien C and Esko, T{\~o}nu and Fall, Tove and Ferreira, Teresa and Gustafsson, Stefan and Kutalik, Zolt{\'a}n and Luan, Jian{\textquoteright}an and M{\"a}gi, Reedik and Randall, Joshua C and Winkler, Thomas W and Wood, Andrew R and Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie and Faul, Jessica D and Smith, Jennifer A and Hua Zhao, Jing and Zhao, Wei and Chen, Jin and Fehrmann, Rudolf and Hedman, {\r A}sa K and Karjalainen, Juha and Schmidt, Ellen M and Absher, Devin and Amin, Najaf and Anderson, Denise and Beekman, Marian and Bolton, Jennifer L and Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L and Buyske, Steven and Demirkan, Ayse and Deng, Guohong and Ehret, Georg B and Feenstra, Bjarke and Feitosa, Mary F and Fischer, Krista and Goel, Anuj and Gong, Jian and Jackson, Anne U and Kanoni, Stavroula and Kleber, Marcus E and Kristiansson, Kati and Lim, Unhee and Lotay, Vaneet and Mangino, Massimo and Mateo Leach, Irene and Medina-Gomez, Carolina and Medland, Sarah E and Nalls, Michael A and Palmer, Cameron D and Pasko, Dorota and Pechlivanis, Sonali and Peters, Marjolein J and Prokopenko, Inga and Shungin, Dmitry and Stan{\v c}{\'a}kov{\'a}, Alena and Strawbridge, Rona J and Ju Sung, Yun and Tanaka, Toshiko and Teumer, Alexander and Trompet, Stella and van der Laan, Sander W and van Setten, Jessica and Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V and Wang, Zhaoming and Yengo, Loic and Zhang, Weihua and Isaacs, Aaron and Albrecht, Eva and Arnl{\"o}v, Johan and Arscott, Gillian M and Attwood, Antony P and Bandinelli, Stefania and Barrett, Amy and Bas, Isabelita N and Bellis, Claire and Bennett, Amanda J and Berne, Christian and Blagieva, Roza and Bl{\"u}her, Matthias and B{\"o}hringer, Stefan and Bonnycastle, Lori L and B{\"o}ttcher, Yvonne and Boyd, Heather A and Bruinenberg, Marcel and Caspersen, Ida H and Ida Chen, Yii-Der and Clarke, Robert and Daw, E Warwick and de Craen, Anton J M and Delgado, Graciela and Dimitriou, Maria and Doney, Alex S F and Eklund, Niina and Estrada, Karol and Eury, Elodie and Folkersen, Lasse and Fraser, Ross M and Garcia, Melissa E and Geller, Frank and Giedraitis, Vilmantas and Gigante, Bruna and Go, Alan S and Golay, Alain and Goodall, Alison H and Gordon, Scott D and Gorski, Mathias and Grabe, Hans-J{\"o}rgen and Grallert, Harald and Grammer, Tanja B and Gr{\"a}{\ss}ler, J{\"u}rgen and Gr{\"o}nberg, Henrik and Groves, Christopher J and Gusto, Ga{\"e}lle and Haessler, Jeffrey and Hall, Per and Haller, Toomas and Hallmans, Goran and Hartman, Catharina A and Hassinen, Maija and Hayward, Caroline and Heard-Costa, Nancy L and Helmer, Quinta and Hengstenberg, Christian and Holmen, Oddgeir and Hottenga, Jouke-Jan and James, Alan L and Jeff, Janina M and Johansson, {\r A}sa and Jolley, Jennifer and Juliusdottir, Thorhildur and Kinnunen, Leena and Koenig, Wolfgang and Koskenvuo, Markku and Kratzer, Wolfgang and Laitinen, Jaana and Lamina, Claudia and Leander, Karin and Lee, Nanette R and Lichtner, Peter and Lind, Lars and Lindstr{\"o}m, Jaana and Sin Lo, Ken and Lobbens, St{\'e}phane and Lorbeer, Roberto and Lu, Yingchang and Mach, Fran{\c c}ois and Magnusson, Patrik K E and Mahajan, Anubha and McArdle, Wendy L and McLachlan, Stela and Menni, Cristina and Merger, Sigrun and Mihailov, Evelin and Milani, Lili and Moayyeri, Alireza and Monda, Keri L and Morken, Mario A and Mulas, Antonella and M{\"u}ller, Gabriele and M{\"u}ller-Nurasyid, Martina and Musk, Arthur W and Nagaraja, Ramaiah and N{\"o}then, Markus M and Nolte, Ilja M and Pilz, Stefan and Rayner, Nigel W and Renstrom, Frida and Rettig, Rainer and Ried, Janina S and Ripke, Stephan and Robertson, Neil R and Rose, Lynda M and Sanna, Serena and Scharnagl, Hubert and Scholtens, Salome and Schumacher, Fredrick R and Scott, William R and Seufferlein, Thomas and Shi, Jianxin and Vernon Smith, Albert and Smolonska, Joanna and Stanton, Alice V and Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur and Stirrups, Kathleen and Stringham, Heather M and Sundstr{\"o}m, Johan and Swertz, Morris A and Swift, Amy J and Syv{\"a}nen, Ann-Christine and Tan, Sian-Tsung and Tayo, Bamidele O and Thorand, Barbara and Thorleifsson, Gudmar and Tyrer, Jonathan P and Uh, Hae-Won and Vandenput, Liesbeth and Verhulst, Frank C and Vermeulen, Sita H and Verweij, Niek and Vonk, Judith M and Waite, Lindsay L and Warren, Helen R and Waterworth, Dawn and Weedon, Michael N and Wilkens, Lynne R and Willenborg, Christina and Wilsgaard, Tom and Wojczynski, Mary K and Wong, Andrew and Wright, Alan F and Zhang, Qunyuan and Brennan, Eoin P and Choi, Murim and Dastani, Zari and Drong, Alexander W and Eriksson, Per and Franco-Cereceda, Anders and G{\r a}din, Jesper R and Gharavi, Ali G and Goddard, Michael E and Handsaker, Robert E and Huang, Jinyan and Karpe, Fredrik and Kathiresan, Sekar and Keildson, Sarah and Kiryluk, Krzysztof and Kubo, Michiaki and Lee, Jong-Young and Liang, Liming and Lifton, Richard P and Ma, Baoshan and McCarroll, Steven A and McKnight, Amy J and Min, Josine L and Moffatt, Miriam F and Montgomery, Grant W and Murabito, Joanne M and Nicholson, George and Nyholt, Dale R and Okada, Yukinori and Perry, John R B and Dorajoo, Rajkumar and Reinmaa, Eva and Salem, Rany M and Sandholm, Niina and Scott, Robert A and Stolk, Lisette and Takahashi, Atsushi and Tanaka, Toshihiro and Van{\textquoteright}t Hooft, Ferdinand M and Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E and Westra, Harm-Jan and Zheng, Wei and Zondervan, Krina T and Heath, Andrew C and Arveiler, Dominique and Bakker, Stephan J L and Beilby, John and Bergman, Richard N and Blangero, John and Bovet, Pascal and Campbell, Harry and Caulfield, Mark J and Cesana, Giancarlo and Chakravarti, Aravinda and Chasman, Daniel I and Chines, Peter S and Collins, Francis S and Crawford, Dana C and Cupples, L Adrienne and Cusi, Daniele and Danesh, John and de Faire, Ulf and den Ruijter, Hester M and Dominiczak, Anna F and Erbel, Raimund and Erdmann, Jeanette and Eriksson, Johan G and Farrall, Martin and Felix, Stephan B and Ferrannini, Ele and Ferri{\`e}res, Jean and Ford, Ian and Forouhi, Nita G and Forrester, Terrence and Franco, Oscar H and Gansevoort, Ron T and Gejman, Pablo V and Gieger, Christian and Gottesman, Omri and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Gyllensten, Ulf and Hall, Alistair S and Harris, Tamara B and Hattersley, Andrew T and Hicks, Andrew A and Hindorff, Lucia A and Hingorani, Aroon D and Hofman, Albert and Homuth, Georg and Hovingh, G Kees and Humphries, Steve E and Hunt, Steven C and Hypp{\"o}nen, Elina and Illig, Thomas and Jacobs, Kevin B and J{\"a}rvelin, Marjo-Riitta and J{\"o}ckel, Karl-Heinz and Johansen, Berit and Jousilahti, Pekka and Jukema, J Wouter and Jula, Antti M and Kaprio, Jaakko and Kastelein, John J P and Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M and Kiemeney, Lambertus A and Knekt, Paul and Kooner, Jaspal S and Kooperberg, Charles and Kovacs, Peter and Kraja, Aldi T and Kumari, Meena and Kuusisto, Johanna and Lakka, Timo A and Langenberg, Claudia and Le Marchand, Loic and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho and Lyssenko, Valeriya and M{\"a}nnist{\"o}, Satu and Marette, Andr{\'e} and Matise, Tara C and McKenzie, Colin A and McKnight, Barbara and Moll, Frans L and Morris, Andrew D and Morris, Andrew P and Murray, Jeffrey C and Nelis, Mari and Ohlsson, Claes and Oldehinkel, Albertine J and Ong, Ken K and Madden, Pamela A F and Pasterkamp, Gerard and Peden, John F and Peters, Annette and Postma, Dirkje S and Pramstaller, Peter P and Price, Jackie F and Qi, Lu and Raitakari, Olli T and Rankinen, Tuomo and Rao, D C and Rice, Treva K and Ridker, Paul M and Rioux, John D and Ritchie, Marylyn D and Rudan, Igor and Salomaa, Veikko and Samani, Nilesh J and Saramies, Jouko and Sarzynski, Mark A and Schunkert, Heribert and Schwarz, Peter E H and Sever, Peter and Shuldiner, Alan R and Sinisalo, Juha and Stolk, Ronald P and Strauch, Konstantin and T{\"o}njes, Anke and Tr{\'e}gou{\"e}t, David-Alexandre and Tremblay, Angelo and Tremoli, Elena and Virtamo, Jarmo and Vohl, Marie-Claude and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and Waeber, Gerard and Willemsen, Gonneke and Witteman, Jacqueline C and Zillikens, M Carola and Adair, Linda S and Amouyel, Philippe and Asselbergs, Folkert W and Assimes, Themistocles L and Bochud, Murielle and Boehm, Bernhard O and Boerwinkle, Eric and Bornstein, Stefan R and Bottinger, Erwin P and Bouchard, Claude and Cauchi, St{\'e}phane and Chambers, John C and Chanock, Stephen J and Cooper, Richard S and de Bakker, Paul I W and Dedoussis, George and Ferrucci, Luigi and Franks, Paul W and Froguel, Philippe and Groop, Leif C and Haiman, Christopher A and Hamsten, Anders and Hui, Jennie and Hunter, David J and Hveem, Kristian and Kaplan, Robert C and Kivimaki, Mika and Kuh, Diana and Laakso, Markku and Liu, Yongmei and Martin, Nicholas G and M{\"a}rz, Winfried and Melbye, Mads and Metspalu, Andres and Moebus, Susanne and Munroe, Patricia B and Nj{\o}lstad, Inger and Oostra, Ben A and Palmer, Colin N A and Pedersen, Nancy L and Perola, Markus and P{\'e}russe, Louis and Peters, Ulrike and Power, Chris and Quertermous, Thomas and Rauramaa, Rainer and Rivadeneira, Fernando and Saaristo, Timo E and Saleheen, Danish and Sattar, Naveed and Schadt, Eric E and Schlessinger, David and Slagboom, P Eline and Snieder, Harold and Spector, Tim D and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Stumvoll, Michael and Tuomilehto, Jaakko and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Uusitupa, Matti and van der Harst, Pim and Walker, Mark and Wallaschofski, Henri and Wareham, Nicholas J and Watkins, Hugh and Weir, David R and Wichmann, H-Erich and Wilson, James F and Zanen, Pieter and Borecki, Ingrid B and Deloukas, Panos and Fox, Caroline S and Heid, Iris M and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Jeffrey R and Strachan, David P and Stefansson, Kari and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Abecasis, Goncalo R and Franke, Lude and Frayling, Timothy M and McCarthy, Mark I and Visscher, Peter M and Scherag, Andr{\'e} and Willer, Cristen J and Boehnke, Michael and Mohlke, Karen L and Lindgren, Cecilia M and Beckmann, Jacques S and Barroso, In{\^e}s and North, Kari E and Ingelsson, Erik and Hirschhorn, Joel N and Loos, Ruth J F and Speliotes, Elizabeth K} } @article {3568, title = {Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization.}, journal = {Nat Genet}, volume = {46}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 Aug}, pages = {826-36}, abstract = {

The QT interval, an electrocardiographic measure reflecting myocardial repolarization, is a heritable trait. QT prolongation is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) and could indicate the presence of the potentially lethal mendelian long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Using a genome-wide association and replication study in up to 100,000 individuals, we identified 35 common variant loci associated with QT interval that collectively explain \~{}8-10\% of QT-interval variation and highlight the importance of calcium regulation in myocardial repolarization. Rare variant analysis of 6 new QT interval-associated loci in 298 unrelated probands with LQTS identified coding variants not found in controls but of uncertain causality and therefore requiring validation. Several newly identified loci encode proteins that physically interact with other recognized repolarization proteins. Our integration of common variant association, expression and orthogonal protein-protein interaction screens provides new insights into cardiac electrophysiology and identifies new candidate genes for ventricular arrhythmias, LQTS and SCD.

}, keywords = {Adult, Aged, Arrhythmias, Cardiac, Calcium Signaling, Death, Sudden, Cardiac, Electrocardiography, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Heart Ventricles, Humans, Long QT Syndrome, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide}, issn = {1546-1718}, doi = {10.1038/ng.3014}, author = {Arking, Dan E and Pulit, Sara L and Crotti, Lia and van der Harst, Pim and Munroe, Patricia B and Koopmann, Tamara T and Sotoodehnia, Nona and Rossin, Elizabeth J and Morley, Michael and Wang, Xinchen and Johnson, Andrew D and Lundby, Alicia and Gudbjartsson, Daniel F and Noseworthy, Peter A and Eijgelsheim, Mark and Bradford, Yuki and Tarasov, Kirill V and D{\"o}rr, Marcus and M{\"u}ller-Nurasyid, Martina and Lahtinen, Annukka M and Nolte, Ilja M and Smith, Albert Vernon and Bis, Joshua C and Isaacs, Aaron and Newhouse, Stephen J and Evans, Daniel S and Post, Wendy S and Waggott, Daryl and Lyytik{\"a}inen, Leo-Pekka and Hicks, Andrew A and Eisele, Lewin and Ellinghaus, David and Hayward, Caroline and Navarro, Pau and Ulivi, Sheila and Tanaka, Toshiko and Tester, David J and Chatel, St{\'e}phanie and Gustafsson, Stefan and Kumari, Meena and Morris, Richard W and Naluai, {\r A}sa T and Padmanabhan, Sandosh and Kluttig, Alexander and Strohmer, Bernhard and Panayiotou, Andrie G and Torres, Maria and Knoflach, Michael and Hubacek, Jaroslav A and Slowikowski, Kamil and Raychaudhuri, Soumya and Kumar, Runjun D and Harris, Tamara B and Launer, Lenore J and Shuldiner, Alan R and Alonso, Alvaro and Bader, Joel S and Ehret, Georg and Huang, Hailiang and Kao, W H Linda and Strait, James B and Macfarlane, Peter W and Brown, Morris and Caulfield, Mark J and Samani, Nilesh J and Kronenberg, Florian and Willeit, Johann and Smith, J Gustav and Greiser, Karin H and Meyer Zu Schwabedissen, Henriette and Werdan, Karl and Carella, Massimo and Zelante, Leopoldo and Heckbert, Susan R and Psaty, Bruce M and Rotter, Jerome I and Kolcic, Ivana and Polasek, Ozren and Wright, Alan F and Griffin, Maura and Daly, Mark J and Arnar, David O and Holm, Hilma and Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur and Denny, Joshua C and Roden, Dan M and Zuvich, Rebecca L and Emilsson, Valur and Plump, Andrew S and Larson, Martin G and O{\textquoteright}Donnell, Christopher J and Yin, Xiaoyan and Bobbo, Marco and d{\textquoteright}Adamo, Adamo P and Iorio, Annamaria and Sinagra, Gianfranco and Carracedo, Angel and Cummings, Steven R and Nalls, Michael A and Jula, Antti and Kontula, Kimmo K and Marjamaa, Annukka and Oikarinen, Lasse and Perola, Markus and Porthan, Kimmo and Erbel, Raimund and Hoffmann, Per and J{\"o}ckel, Karl-Heinz and K{\"a}lsch, Hagen and N{\"o}then, Markus M and den Hoed, Marcel and Loos, Ruth J F and Thelle, Dag S and Gieger, Christian and Meitinger, Thomas and Perz, Siegfried and Peters, Annette and Prucha, Hanna and Sinner, Moritz F and Waldenberger, Melanie and de Boer, Rudolf A and Franke, Lude and van der Vleuten, Pieter A and Beckmann, Britt Maria and Martens, Eimo and Bardai, Abdennasser and Hofman, Nynke and Wilde, Arthur A M and Behr, Elijah R and Dalageorgou, Chrysoula and Giudicessi, John R and Medeiros-Domingo, Argelia and Barc, Julien and Kyndt, Florence and Probst, Vincent and Ghidoni, Alice and Insolia, Roberto and Hamilton, Robert M and Scherer, Stephen W and Brandimarto, Jeffrey and Margulies, Kenneth and Moravec, Christine E and del Greco M, Fabiola and Fuchsberger, Christian and O{\textquoteright}Connell, Jeffrey R and Lee, Wai K and Watt, Graham C M and Campbell, Harry and Wild, Sarah H and El Mokhtari, Nour E and Frey, Norbert and Asselbergs, Folkert W and Mateo Leach, Irene and Navis, Gerjan and van den Berg, Maarten P and van Veldhuisen, Dirk J and Kellis, Manolis and Krijthe, Bouwe P and Franco, Oscar H and Hofman, Albert and Kors, Jan A and Uitterlinden, Andr{\'e} G and Witteman, Jacqueline C M and Kedenko, Lyudmyla and Lamina, Claudia and Oostra, Ben A and Abecasis, Goncalo R and Lakatta, Edward G and Mulas, Antonella and Orru, Marco and Schlessinger, David and Uda, Manuela and Markus, Marcello R P and V{\"o}lker, Uwe and Snieder, Harold and Spector, Timothy D and Arnl{\"o}v, Johan and Lind, Lars and Sundstr{\"o}m, Johan and Syv{\"a}nen, Ann-Christine and Kivimaki, Mika and K{\"a}h{\"o}nen, Mika and Mononen, Nina and Raitakari, Olli T and Viikari, Jorma S and Adamkova, Vera and Kiechl, Stefan and Brion, Maria and Nicolaides, Andrew N and Paulweber, Bernhard and Haerting, Johannes and Dominiczak, Anna F and Nyberg, Fredrik and Whincup, Peter H and Hingorani, Aroon D and Schott, Jean-Jacques and Bezzina, Connie R and Ingelsson, Erik and Ferrucci, Luigi and Gasparini, Paolo and Wilson, James F and Rudan, Igor and Franke, Andre and M{\"u}hleisen, Thomas W and Pramstaller, Peter P and Lehtim{\"a}ki, Terho J and Paterson, Andrew D and Parsa, Afshin and Liu, Yongmei and van Duijn, Cornelia M and Siscovick, David S and Gudnason, Vilmundur and Jamshidi, Yalda and Salomaa, Veikko and Felix, Stephan B and Sanna, Serena and Ritchie, Marylyn D and Stricker, Bruno H and Stefansson, Kari and Boyer, Laurie A and Cappola, Thomas P and Olsen, Jesper V and Lage, Kasper and Schwartz, Peter J and K{\"a}{\"a}b, Stefan and Chakravarti, Aravinda and Ackerman, Michael J and Pfeufer, Arne and de Bakker, Paul I W and Newton-Cheh, Christopher} }