TY - JOUR T1 - Innate and adaptive immunity in self-reported nonceliac gluten sensitivity versus celiac disease. JF - Dig Liver Dis Y1 - 2016 A1 - Di Sabatino, Antonio A1 - Giuffrida, Paolo A1 - Fornasa, Giulia A1 - Salvatore, Chiara A1 - Vanoli, Alessandro A1 - Naviglio, Samuele A1 - De Leo, Luigina A1 - Pasini, Alessandra A1 - De Amici, Mara A1 - Alvisi, Costanza A1 - Not, Tarcisio A1 - Rescigno, Maria A1 - Corazza, Gino Roberto AB -

BACKGROUND: Immune mechanisms have been implicated in nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), a condition characterized by intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms caused by the ingestion of gluten in non-celiac/non-wheat allergic individuals.

AIMS: We investigated innate and adaptive immunity in self-reported NCGS versus celiac disease (CD).

METHODS: In the supernatants of ex vivo-cultured duodenal biopsies from 14 self-reported NCGS patients, 9 untreated and 10 treated CD patients, and 12 controls we detected innate cytokines - interleukin (IL)-15, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-23, IL-27, IL-32α, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IFN-α-, adaptive cytokines - interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13-, chemokines - IL-8, CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL10-, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF).

RESULTS: Mucosal innate and adaptive cytokines, chemokines and growth factors did not differ between self-reported NCGS, treated CD and controls. On the contrary, IL-6, IL-15, IL-27, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-23, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-8, CCL1 and CCL4 were significantly higher in untreated CD than in self-reported NCGS, treated CD and controls, while TSLP was significantly lower in untreated CD than in self-reported NCGS, treated CD and controls.

CONCLUSION: In our hands, patients with self-reported NCGS showed no abnormalities of the mucosal immune response.

VL - 48 IS - 7 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27130911?dopt=Abstract ER -