TY - JOUR T1 - Exome-chip meta-analysis identifies novel loci associated with cardiac conduction, including ADAMTS6. JF - Genome Biol Y1 - 2018 A1 - Prins, Bram P A1 - Mead, Timothy J A1 - Brody, Jennifer A A1 - Sveinbjornsson, Gardar A1 - Ntalla, Ioanna A1 - Bihlmeyer, Nathan A A1 - van den Berg, Marten A1 - Bork-Jensen, Jette A1 - Cappellani, Stefania A1 - Van Duijvenboden, Stefan A1 - Klena, Nikolai T A1 - Gabriel, George C A1 - Liu, Xiaoqin A1 - Gulec, Cagri A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Haessler, Jeffrey A1 - Hall, Leanne M A1 - Iorio, Annamaria A1 - Isaacs, Aaron A1 - Li-Gao, Ruifang A1 - Lin, Honghuang A1 - Liu, Ching-Ti A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Marten, Jonathan A1 - Mei, Hao A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Orini, Michele A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Radmanesh, Farid A1 - Ramirez, Julia A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Schwartz, Molly A1 - van Setten, Jessica A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Verweij, Niek A1 - Warren, Helen R A1 - Weiss, Stefan A1 - Alonso, Alvaro A1 - Arnar, David O A1 - Bots, Michiel L A1 - de Boer, Rudolf A A1 - Dominiczak, Anna F A1 - Eijgelsheim, Mark A1 - Ellinor, Patrick T A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Felix, Stephan B A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Heckbert, Susan R A1 - Huang, Paul L A1 - Jukema, J W A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Kors, Jan A A1 - Lambiase, Pier D A1 - Launer, Lenore J A1 - Li, Man A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Nelson, Christopher P A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Perez, Marco A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Rice, Kenneth M A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Sinner, Moritz F A1 - Soliman, Elsayed Z A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Tinker, Andrew A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Uitterlinden, André A1 - Vaartjes, Ilonca A1 - van der Meer, Peter A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie A1 - Wilson, James G A1 - Xie, Zhijun A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Dörr, Marcus A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Kääb, Stefan A1 - Kanters, Jørgen K A1 - Kooperberg, Charles A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lin, Henry J A1 - Lubitz, Steven A A1 - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O A1 - Conti, Francesco J A1 - Newton-Cheh, Christopher H A1 - Rosand, Jonathan A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Sinagra, Gianfranco A1 - Smith, Blair H A1 - Holm, Hilma A1 - Stricker, Bruno H A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Sotoodehnia, Nona A1 - Apte, Suneel S A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Arking, Dan E A1 - Lo, Cecilia W A1 - Jamshidi, Yalda KW - ADAMTS Proteins KW - African Continental Ancestry Group KW - Animals KW - Connexin 43 KW - Electrocardiography KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - Exome KW - Female KW - Gene Expression KW - Gene Expression Profiling KW - Genetic Loci KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Heart Conduction System KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Mice KW - Middle Aged KW - Myocardium KW - Open Reading Frames KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Whole Exome Sequencing AB -

BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies conducted on QRS duration, an electrocardiographic measurement associated with heart failure and sudden cardiac death, have led to novel biological insights into cardiac function. However, the variants identified fall predominantly in non-coding regions and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

RESULTS: Here, we identify putative functional coding variation associated with changes in the QRS interval duration by combining Illumina HumanExome BeadChip genotype data from 77,898 participants of European ancestry and 7695 of African descent in our discovery cohort, followed by replication in 111,874 individuals of European ancestry from the UK Biobank and deCODE cohorts. We identify ten novel loci, seven within coding regions, including ADAMTS6, significantly associated with QRS duration in gene-based analyses. ADAMTS6 encodes a secreted metalloprotease of currently unknown function. In vitro validation analysis shows that the QRS-associated variants lead to impaired ADAMTS6 secretion and loss-of function analysis in mice demonstrates a previously unappreciated role for ADAMTS6 in connexin 43 gap junction expression, which is essential for myocardial conduction.

CONCLUSIONS: Our approach identifies novel coding and non-coding variants underlying ventricular depolarization and provides a possible mechanism for the ADAMTS6-associated conduction changes.

VL - 19 IS - 1 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30012220?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PR interval genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 50 loci associated with atrial and atrioventricular electrical activity. JF - Nat Commun Y1 - 2018 A1 - van Setten, Jessica A1 - Brody, Jennifer A A1 - Jamshidi, Yalda A1 - Swenson, Brenton R A1 - Butler, Anne M A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Del Greco, Fabiola M A1 - Evans, Daniel S A1 - Gibson, Quince A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Kerr, Kathleen F A1 - Krijthe, Bouwe P A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Müller, Christian A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Nolte, Ilja M A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Ritchie, Marylyn D A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Steri, Maristella A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Verweij, Niek A1 - Yin, Xiaoyan A1 - Arnar, David O A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Bader, Joel S A1 - Barnard, John A1 - Bis, Josh A1 - Blankenberg, Stefan A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Bradford, Yuki A1 - Buckley, Brendan M A1 - Chung, Mina K A1 - Crawford, Dana A1 - den Hoed, Marcel A1 - Denny, Josh C A1 - Dominiczak, Anna F A1 - Ehret, Georg B A1 - Eijgelsheim, Mark A1 - Ellinor, Patrick T A1 - Felix, Stephan B A1 - Franco, Oscar H A1 - Franke, Lude A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Holm, Hilma A1 - Ilaria, Gandin A1 - Iorio, Annamaria A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Kolcic, Ivana A1 - Kors, Jan A A1 - Lakatta, Edward G A1 - Launer, Lenore J A1 - Lin, Honghuang A1 - Lin, Henry J A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Lubitz, Steven A A1 - Macfarlane, Peter W A1 - Magnani, Jared W A1 - Leach, Irene Mateo A1 - Meitinger, Thomas A1 - Mitchell, Braxton D A1 - Munzel, Thomas A1 - Papanicolaou, George J A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Pfeufer, Arne A1 - Pramstaller, Peter P A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Silva Aldana, Claudia T A1 - Sinner, Moritz F A1 - Smith, Jonathan D A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Soliman, Elsayed Z A1 - Spector, Timothy D A1 - Stott, David J A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Tarasov, Kirill V A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Van Wagoner, David R A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie A1 - Jan Westra, Harm A1 - Wild, Philipp S A1 - Zeller, Tanja A1 - Alonso, Alvaro A1 - Avery, Christy L A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Benjamin, Emelia J A1 - Cucca, Francesco A1 - Dörr, Marcus A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Heckbert, Susan R A1 - Hicks, Andrew A A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Kääb, Stefan A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Parsa, Afshin A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Roden, Dan M A1 - Schnabel, Renate B A1 - Sinagra, Gianfranco A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Stricker, Bruno H A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Gharib, Sina A A1 - de Bakker, Paul I W A1 - Isaacs, Aaron A1 - Arking, Dan E A1 - Sotoodehnia, Nona KW - Atrial Function KW - Atrioventricular Node KW - Electrocardiography KW - Electrophysiological Phenomena KW - Female KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Humans KW - Linkage Disequilibrium KW - Male KW - Mutation, Missense KW - Risk Factors AB -

Electrocardiographic PR interval measures atrio-ventricular depolarization and conduction, and abnormal PR interval is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation and heart block. Our genome-wide association study of over 92,000 European-descent individuals identifies 44 PR interval loci (34 novel). Examination of these loci reveals known and previously not-yet-reported biological processes involved in cardiac atrial electrical activity. Genes in these loci are over-represented in cardiac disease processes including heart block and atrial fibrillation. Variants in over half of the 44 loci were associated with atrial or blood transcript expression levels, or were in high linkage disequilibrium with missense variants. Six additional loci were identified either by meta-analysis of ~105,000 African and European-descent individuals and/or by pleiotropic analyses combining PR interval with heart rate, QRS interval, and atrial fibrillation. These findings implicate developmental pathways, and identify transcription factors, ion-channel genes, and cell-junction/cell-signaling proteins in atrio-ventricular conduction, identifying potential targets for drug development.

VL - 9 IS - 1 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30046033?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height. JF - Nature Y1 - 2017 A1 - Marouli, Eirini A1 - Graff, Mariaelisa A1 - Medina-Gomez, Carolina A1 - Lo, Ken Sin A1 - Wood, Andrew R A1 - Kjaer, Troels R A1 - Fine, Rebecca S A1 - Lu, Yingchang A1 - Schurmann, Claudia A1 - Highland, Heather M A1 - Rüeger, Sina A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Justice, Anne E A1 - Lamparter, David A1 - Stirrups, Kathleen E A1 - Turcot, Valérie A1 - Young, Kristin L A1 - Winkler, Thomas W A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Karaderi, Tugce A1 - Locke, Adam E A1 - Masca, Nicholas G D A1 - Ng, Maggie C Y A1 - Mudgal, Poorva A1 - Rivas, Manuel A A1 - Vedantam, Sailaja A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo A1 - Aben, Katja K A1 - Adair, Linda S A1 - Alam, Dewan S A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Allin, Kristine H A1 - Allison, Matthew A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Appel, Emil V A1 - Arveiler, Dominique A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Auer, Paul L A1 - Balkau, Beverley A1 - Banas, Bernhard A1 - Bang, Lia E A1 - Benn, Marianne A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Bielak, Lawrence F A1 - Blüher, Matthias A1 - Boeing, Heiner A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Böger, Carsten A A1 - Bonnycastle, Lori L A1 - Bork-Jensen, Jette A1 - Bots, Michiel L A1 - Bottinger, Erwin P A1 - Bowden, Donald W A1 - Brandslund, Ivan A1 - Breen, Gerome A1 - Brilliant, Murray H A1 - Broer, Linda A1 - Burt, Amber A A1 - Butterworth, Adam S A1 - Carey, David J A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Chen, Yii-Der Ida A1 - Chowdhury, Rajiv A1 - Christensen, Cramer A1 - Chu, Audrey Y A1 - Cocca, Massimiliano A1 - Collins, Francis S A1 - Cook, James P A1 - Corley, Janie A1 - Galbany, Jordi Corominas A1 - Cox, Amanda J A1 - Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel A1 - Danesh, John A1 - Davies, Gail A1 - de Bakker, Paul I W A1 - de Borst, Gert J A1 - de Denus, Simon A1 - de Groot, Mark C H A1 - de Mutsert, Renée A1 - Deary, Ian J A1 - Dedoussis, George A1 - Demerath, Ellen W A1 - den Hollander, Anneke I A1 - Dennis, Joe G A1 - Di Angelantonio, Emanuele A1 - Drenos, Fotios A1 - Du, Mengmeng A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Ebeling, Tapani A1 - Edwards, Todd L A1 - Ellinor, Patrick T A1 - Elliott, Paul A1 - Evangelou, Evangelos A1 - Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni A1 - Faul, Jessica D A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Feng, Shuang A1 - Ferrannini, Ele A1 - Ferrario, Marco M A1 - Ferrières, Jean A1 - Florez, Jose C A1 - Ford, Ian A1 - Fornage, Myriam A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth A1 - Galesloot, Tessel E A1 - Gan, Wei A1 - Gandin, Ilaria A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Giedraitis, Vilmantas A1 - Giri, Ayush A1 - Girotto, Giorgia A1 - Gordon, Scott D A1 - Gordon-Larsen, Penny A1 - Gorski, Mathias A1 - Grarup, Niels A1 - Grove, Megan L A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Gustafsson, Stefan A1 - Hansen, Torben A1 - Harris, Kathleen Mullan A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hattersley, Andrew T A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - He, Liang A1 - Heid, Iris M A1 - Heikkilä, Kauko A1 - Helgeland, Øyvind A1 - Hernesniemi, Jussi A1 - Hewitt, Alex W A1 - Hocking, Lynne J A1 - Hollensted, Mette A1 - Holmen, Oddgeir L A1 - Hovingh, G Kees A1 - Howson, Joanna M M A1 - Hoyng, Carel B A1 - Huang, Paul L A1 - Hveem, Kristian A1 - Ikram, M Arfan A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Jackson, Anne U A1 - Jansson, Jan-Håkan A1 - Jarvik, Gail P A1 - Jensen, Gorm B A1 - Jhun, Min A A1 - Jia, Yucheng A1 - Jiang, Xuejuan A1 - Johansson, Stefan A1 - Jørgensen, Marit E A1 - Jørgensen, Torben A1 - Jousilahti, Pekka A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Kahali, Bratati A1 - Kahn, René S A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Kamstrup, Pia R A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Karaleftheri, Maria A1 - Kardia, Sharon L R A1 - Karpe, Fredrik A1 - Kee, Frank A1 - Keeman, Renske A1 - Kiemeney, Lambertus A A1 - Kitajima, Hidetoshi A1 - Kluivers, Kirsten B A1 - Kocher, Thomas A1 - Komulainen, Pirjo A1 - Kontto, Jukka A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Kooperberg, Charles A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Kriebel, Jennifer A1 - Kuivaniemi, Helena A1 - Küry, Sébastien A1 - Kuusisto, Johanna A1 - La Bianca, Martina A1 - Laakso, Markku A1 - Lakka, Timo A A1 - Lange, Ethan M A1 - Lange, Leslie A A1 - Langefeld, Carl D A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Larson, Eric B A1 - Lee, I-Te A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lewis, Cora E A1 - Li, Huaixing A1 - Li, Jin A1 - Li-Gao, Ruifang A1 - Lin, Honghuang A1 - Lin, Li-An A1 - Lin, Xu A1 - Lind, Lars A1 - Lindström, Jaana A1 - Linneberg, Allan A1 - Liu, Yeheng A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - Lophatananon, Artitaya A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Lubitz, Steven A A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Mackey, David A A1 - Madden, Pamela A F A1 - Manning, Alisa K A1 - Männistö, Satu A1 - Marenne, Gaëlle A1 - Marten, Jonathan A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - Mazul, Angela L A1 - Meidtner, Karina A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Mitchell, Paul A1 - Mohlke, Karen L A1 - Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O A1 - Morgan, Anna A1 - Morris, Andrew D A1 - Morris, Andrew P A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Nalls, Mike A A1 - Nauck, Matthias A1 - Nelson, Christopher P A1 - Neville, Matt A1 - Nielsen, Sune F A1 - Nikus, Kjell A1 - Njølstad, Pål R A1 - Nordestgaard, Børge G A1 - Ntalla, Ioanna A1 - O'Connel, Jeffrey R A1 - Oksa, Heikki A1 - Loohuis, Loes M Olde A1 - Ophoff, Roel A A1 - Owen, Katharine R A1 - Packard, Chris J A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Palmer, Colin N A A1 - Pasterkamp, Gerard A1 - Patel, Aniruddh P A1 - Pattie, Alison A1 - Pedersen, Oluf A1 - Peissig, Peggy L A1 - Peloso, Gina M A1 - Pennell, Craig E A1 - Perola, Markus A1 - Perry, James A A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Person, Thomas N A1 - Pirie, Ailith A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Posthuma, Danielle A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Rasheed, Asif A1 - Rauramaa, Rainer A1 - Reilly, Dermot F A1 - Reiner, Alex P A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Rioux, John D A1 - Robertson, Neil A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rolandsson, Olov A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Ruth, Katherine S A1 - Saleheen, Danish A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Sandow, Kevin A1 - Sapkota, Yadav A1 - Sattar, Naveed A1 - Schmidt, Marjanka K A1 - Schreiner, Pamela J A1 - Schulze, Matthias B A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P A1 - Shah, Svati A1 - Sim, Xueling A1 - Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh A1 - Small, Kerrin S A1 - Smith, Albert Vernon A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - Southam, Lorraine A1 - Spector, Timothy D A1 - Speliotes, Elizabeth K A1 - Starr, John M A1 - Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur A1 - Stringham, Heather M A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Surendran, Praveen A1 - 't Hart, Leen M A1 - Tansey, Katherine E A1 - Tardif, Jean-Claude A1 - Taylor, Kent D A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Thuesen, Betina H A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Tromp, Gerard A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Tsafantakis, Emmanouil A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne A1 - Tyrer, Jonathan P A1 - Uher, Rudolf A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - van der Laan, Sander W A1 - Van Der Leij, Andries R A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - van Schoor, Natasja M A1 - van Setten, Jessica A1 - Varbo, Anette A1 - Varga, Tibor V A1 - Varma, Rohit A1 - Edwards, Digna R Velez A1 - Vermeulen, Sita H A1 - Vestergaard, Henrik A1 - Vitart, Veronique A1 - Vogt, Thomas F A1 - Vozzi, Diego A1 - Walker, Mark A1 - Wang, Feijie A1 - Wang, Carol A A1 - Wang, Shuai A1 - Wang, Yiqin A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Warren, Helen R A1 - Wessel, Jennifer A1 - Willems, Sara M A1 - Wilson, James G A1 - Witte, Daniel R A1 - Woods, Michael O A1 - Wu, Ying A1 - Yaghootkar, Hanieh A1 - Yao, Jie A1 - Yao, Pang A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M A1 - Young, Robin A1 - Zeggini, Eleftheria A1 - Zhan, Xiaowei A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Zhao, Jing Hua A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Zheng, He A1 - Zhou, Wei A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Kathiresan, Sekar A1 - McCarthy, Mark I A1 - Willer, Cristen J A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Borecki, Ingrid B A1 - Liu, Dajiang J A1 - North, Kari E A1 - Heard-Costa, Nancy L A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M A1 - Oxvig, Claus A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Frayling, Timothy M A1 - Hirschhorn, Joel N A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Lettre, Guillaume KW - ADAMTS Proteins KW - Adult KW - Alleles KW - Body Height KW - Cell Adhesion Molecules KW - Female KW - Gene Frequency KW - Genetic Variation KW - Genome, Human KW - Glycoproteins KW - Glycosaminoglycans KW - Hedgehog Proteins KW - Humans KW - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Interferon Regulatory Factors KW - Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit KW - Male KW - Multifactorial Inheritance KW - NADPH Oxidase 4 KW - NADPH Oxidases KW - Phenotype KW - Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A KW - Procollagen N-Endopeptidase KW - Proteoglycans KW - Proteolysis KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Somatomedins AB -

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.

VL - 542 IS - 7640 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146470?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment. JF - Nature Y1 - 2016 A1 - Okbay, Aysu A1 - Beauchamp, Jonathan P A1 - Fontana, Mark Alan A1 - Lee, James J A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Rietveld, Cornelius A A1 - Turley, Patrick A1 - Chen, Guo-Bo A1 - Emilsson, Valur A1 - Meddens, S Fleur W A1 - Oskarsson, Sven A1 - Pickrell, Joseph K A1 - Thom, Kevin A1 - Timshel, Pascal A1 - de Vlaming, Ronald A1 - Abdellaoui, Abdel A1 - Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S A1 - Bacelis, Jonas A1 - Baumbach, Clemens A1 - Bjornsdottir, Gyda A1 - Brandsma, Johannes H A1 - Pina Concas, Maria A1 - Derringer, Jaime A1 - Furlotte, Nicholas A A1 - Galesloot, Tessel E A1 - Girotto, Giorgia A1 - Gupta, Richa A1 - Hall, Leanne M A1 - Harris, Sarah E A1 - Hofer, Edith A1 - Horikoshi, Momoko A1 - Huffman, Jennifer E A1 - Kaasik, Kadri A1 - Kalafati, Ioanna P A1 - Karlsson, Robert A1 - Kong, Augustine A1 - Lahti, Jari A1 - van der Lee, Sven J A1 - deLeeuw, Christiaan A1 - Lind, Penelope A A1 - Lindgren, Karl-Oskar A1 - Liu, Tian A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Marten, Jonathan A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Miller, Michael B A1 - van der Most, Peter J A1 - Oldmeadow, Christopher A1 - Payton, Antony A1 - Pervjakova, Natalia A1 - Peyrot, Wouter J A1 - Qian, Yong A1 - Raitakari, Olli A1 - Rueedi, Rico A1 - Salvi, Erika A1 - Schmidt, Börge A1 - Schraut, Katharina E A1 - Shi, Jianxin A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Poot, Raymond A A1 - St Pourcain, Beate A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Verweij, Niek A1 - Vuckovic, Dragana A1 - Wellmann, Juergen A1 - Westra, Harm-Jan A1 - Yang, Jingyun A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Zhu, Zhihong A1 - Alizadeh, Behrooz Z A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Bakshi, Andrew A1 - Baumeister, Sebastian E A1 - Biino, Ginevra A1 - Bønnelykke, Klaus A1 - Boyle, Patricia A A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Cappuccio, Francesco P A1 - Davies, Gail A1 - De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Demuth, Ilja A1 - Ding, Jun A1 - Eibich, Peter A1 - Eisele, Lewin A1 - Eklund, Niina A1 - Evans, David M A1 - Faul, Jessica D A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Forstner, Andreas J A1 - Gandin, Ilaria A1 - Gunnarsson, Bjarni A1 - Halldórsson, Bjarni V A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Heath, Andrew C A1 - Hocking, Lynne J A1 - Holliday, Elizabeth G A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Horan, Michael A A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - de Jager, Philip L A1 - Joshi, Peter K A1 - Jugessur, Astanand A1 - Kaakinen, Marika A A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa A1 - Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M A1 - Kolcic, Ivana A1 - Koskinen, Seppo A1 - Kraja, Aldi T A1 - Kroh, Martin A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Latvala, Antti A1 - Launer, Lenore J A1 - Lebreton, Maël P A1 - Levinson, Douglas F A1 - Lichtenstein, Paul A1 - Lichtner, Peter A1 - Liewald, David C M A1 - Loukola, Anu A1 - Madden, Pamela A A1 - Mägi, Reedik A1 - Mäki-Opas, Tomi A1 - Marioni, Riccardo E A1 - Marques-Vidal, Pedro A1 - Meddens, Gerardus A A1 - McMahon, George A1 - Meisinger, Christa A1 - Meitinger, Thomas A1 - Milaneschi, Yusplitri A1 - Milani, Lili A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Myhre, Ronny A1 - Nelson, Christopher P A1 - Nyholt, Dale R A1 - Ollier, William E R A1 - Palotie, Aarno A1 - Paternoster, Lavinia A1 - Pedersen, Nancy L A1 - Petrovic, Katja E A1 - Porteous, David J A1 - Räikkönen, Katri A1 - Ring, Susan M A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rostapshova, Olga A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Rustichini, Aldo A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Sanders, Alan R A1 - Sarin, Antti-Pekka A1 - Schmidt, Helena A1 - Scott, Rodney J A1 - Smith, Blair H A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - Staessen, Jan A A1 - Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Terracciano, Antonio A1 - Tobin, Martin D A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Vaccargiu, Simona A1 - Quaye, Lydia A1 - van Rooij, Frank J A A1 - Venturini, Cristina A1 - Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Vonk, Judith M A1 - Vozzi, Diego A1 - Waage, Johannes A1 - Ware, Erin B A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Attia, John R A1 - Bennett, David A A1 - Berger, Klaus A1 - Bertram, Lars A1 - Bisgaard, Hans A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I A1 - Borecki, Ingrid B A1 - Bültmann, Ute A1 - Chabris, Christopher F A1 - Cucca, Francesco A1 - Cusi, Daniele A1 - Deary, Ian J A1 - Dedoussis, George V A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Eriksson, Johan G A1 - Franke, Barbara A1 - Franke, Lude A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Gejman, Pablo V A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Grabe, Hans-Jörgen A1 - Gratten, Jacob A1 - Groenen, Patrick J F A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Hinds, David A A1 - Hoffmann, Wolfgang A1 - Hyppönen, Elina A1 - Iacono, William G A1 - Jacobsson, Bo A1 - Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Jöckel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Kardia, Sharon L R A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lehrer, Steven F A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K E A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - McGue, Matt A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Pendleton, Neil A1 - Penninx, Brenda W J H A1 - Perola, Markus A1 - Pirastu, Nicola A1 - Pirastu, Mario A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Posthuma, Danielle A1 - Power, Christine A1 - Province, Michael A A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold A1 - Sørensen, Thorkild I A A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Thurik, A Roy A1 - Timpson, Nicholas J A1 - Tiemeier, Henning A1 - Tung, Joyce Y A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Vitart, Veronique A1 - Vollenweider, Peter A1 - Weir, David R A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Conley, Dalton C A1 - Krueger, Robert F A1 - Davey Smith, George A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Laibson, David I A1 - Medland, Sarah E A1 - Meyer, Michelle N A1 - Yang, Jian A1 - Johannesson, Magnus A1 - Visscher, Peter M A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Koellinger, Philipp D A1 - Cesarini, David A1 - Benjamin, Daniel J KW - Alzheimer Disease KW - Bipolar Disorder KW - Brain KW - Cognition KW - Computational Biology KW - Educational Status KW - Fetus KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Gene-Environment Interaction KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Great Britain KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Annotation KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Schizophrenia AB -

Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.

VL - 533 IS - 7604 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27225129?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. JF - Nature Y1 - 2015 A1 - Locke, Adam E A1 - Kahali, Bratati A1 - Berndt, Sonja I A1 - Justice, Anne E A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Day, Felix R A1 - Powell, Corey A1 - Vedantam, Sailaja A1 - Buchkovich, Martin L A1 - Yang, Jian A1 - Croteau-Chonka, Damien C A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Fall, Tove A1 - Ferreira, Teresa A1 - Gustafsson, Stefan A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Mägi, Reedik A1 - Randall, Joshua C A1 - Winkler, Thomas W A1 - Wood, Andrew R A1 - Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie A1 - Faul, Jessica D A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - Hua Zhao, Jing A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Chen, Jin A1 - Fehrmann, Rudolf A1 - Hedman, Åsa K A1 - Karjalainen, Juha A1 - Schmidt, Ellen M A1 - Absher, Devin A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Anderson, Denise A1 - Beekman, Marian A1 - Bolton, Jennifer L A1 - Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L A1 - Buyske, Steven A1 - Demirkan, Ayse A1 - Deng, Guohong A1 - Ehret, Georg B A1 - Feenstra, Bjarke A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Fischer, Krista A1 - Goel, Anuj A1 - Gong, Jian A1 - Jackson, Anne U A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Kleber, Marcus E A1 - Kristiansson, Kati A1 - Lim, Unhee A1 - Lotay, Vaneet A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Mateo Leach, Irene A1 - Medina-Gomez, Carolina A1 - Medland, Sarah E A1 - Nalls, Michael A A1 - Palmer, Cameron D A1 - Pasko, Dorota A1 - Pechlivanis, Sonali A1 - Peters, Marjolein J A1 - Prokopenko, Inga A1 - Shungin, Dmitry A1 - Stančáková, Alena A1 - Strawbridge, Rona J A1 - Ju Sung, Yun A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - van der Laan, Sander W A1 - van Setten, Jessica A1 - Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V A1 - Wang, Zhaoming A1 - Yengo, Loic A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Isaacs, Aaron A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Arnlöv, Johan A1 - Arscott, Gillian M A1 - Attwood, Antony P A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Barrett, Amy A1 - Bas, Isabelita N A1 - Bellis, Claire A1 - Bennett, Amanda J A1 - Berne, Christian A1 - Blagieva, Roza A1 - Blüher, Matthias A1 - Böhringer, Stefan A1 - Bonnycastle, Lori L A1 - Böttcher, Yvonne A1 - Boyd, Heather A A1 - Bruinenberg, Marcel A1 - Caspersen, Ida H A1 - Ida Chen, Yii-Der A1 - Clarke, Robert A1 - Daw, E Warwick A1 - de Craen, Anton J M A1 - Delgado, Graciela A1 - Dimitriou, Maria A1 - Doney, Alex S F A1 - Eklund, Niina A1 - Estrada, Karol A1 - Eury, Elodie A1 - Folkersen, Lasse A1 - Fraser, Ross M A1 - Garcia, Melissa E A1 - Geller, Frank A1 - Giedraitis, Vilmantas A1 - Gigante, Bruna A1 - Go, Alan S A1 - Golay, Alain A1 - Goodall, Alison H A1 - Gordon, Scott D A1 - Gorski, Mathias A1 - Grabe, Hans-Jörgen A1 - Grallert, Harald A1 - Grammer, Tanja B A1 - Gräßler, Jürgen A1 - Grönberg, Henrik A1 - Groves, Christopher J A1 - Gusto, Gaëlle A1 - Haessler, Jeffrey A1 - Hall, Per A1 - Haller, Toomas A1 - Hallmans, Goran A1 - Hartman, Catharina A A1 - Hassinen, Maija A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Heard-Costa, Nancy L A1 - Helmer, Quinta A1 - Hengstenberg, Christian A1 - Holmen, Oddgeir A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - James, Alan L A1 - Jeff, Janina M A1 - Johansson, Åsa A1 - Jolley, Jennifer A1 - Juliusdottir, Thorhildur A1 - Kinnunen, Leena A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang A1 - Koskenvuo, Markku A1 - Kratzer, Wolfgang A1 - Laitinen, Jaana A1 - Lamina, Claudia A1 - Leander, Karin A1 - Lee, Nanette R A1 - Lichtner, Peter A1 - Lind, Lars A1 - Lindström, Jaana A1 - Sin Lo, Ken A1 - Lobbens, Stéphane A1 - Lorbeer, Roberto A1 - Lu, Yingchang A1 - Mach, François A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K E A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - McArdle, Wendy L A1 - McLachlan, Stela A1 - Menni, Cristina A1 - Merger, Sigrun A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Milani, Lili A1 - Moayyeri, Alireza A1 - Monda, Keri L A1 - Morken, Mario A A1 - Mulas, Antonella A1 - Müller, Gabriele A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Musk, Arthur W A1 - Nagaraja, Ramaiah A1 - Nöthen, Markus M A1 - Nolte, Ilja M A1 - Pilz, Stefan A1 - Rayner, Nigel W A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Rettig, Rainer A1 - Ried, Janina S A1 - Ripke, Stephan A1 - Robertson, Neil R A1 - Rose, Lynda M A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Scharnagl, Hubert A1 - Scholtens, Salome A1 - Schumacher, Fredrick R A1 - Scott, William R A1 - Seufferlein, Thomas A1 - Shi, Jianxin A1 - Vernon Smith, Albert A1 - Smolonska, Joanna A1 - Stanton, Alice V A1 - Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur A1 - Stirrups, Kathleen A1 - Stringham, Heather M A1 - Sundström, Johan A1 - Swertz, Morris A A1 - Swift, Amy J A1 - Syvänen, Ann-Christine A1 - Tan, Sian-Tsung A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O A1 - Thorand, Barbara A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Tyrer, Jonathan P A1 - Uh, Hae-Won A1 - Vandenput, Liesbeth A1 - Verhulst, Frank C A1 - Vermeulen, Sita H A1 - Verweij, Niek A1 - Vonk, Judith M A1 - Waite, Lindsay L A1 - Warren, Helen R A1 - Waterworth, Dawn A1 - Weedon, Michael N A1 - Wilkens, Lynne R A1 - Willenborg, Christina A1 - Wilsgaard, Tom A1 - Wojczynski, Mary K A1 - Wong, Andrew A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Zhang, Qunyuan A1 - Brennan, Eoin P A1 - Choi, Murim A1 - Dastani, Zari A1 - Drong, Alexander W A1 - Eriksson, Per A1 - Franco-Cereceda, Anders A1 - Gådin, Jesper R A1 - Gharavi, Ali G A1 - Goddard, Michael E A1 - Handsaker, Robert E A1 - Huang, Jinyan A1 - Karpe, Fredrik A1 - Kathiresan, Sekar A1 - Keildson, Sarah A1 - Kiryluk, Krzysztof A1 - Kubo, Michiaki A1 - Lee, Jong-Young A1 - Liang, Liming A1 - Lifton, Richard P A1 - Ma, Baoshan A1 - McCarroll, Steven A A1 - McKnight, Amy J A1 - Min, Josine L A1 - Moffatt, Miriam F A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Nicholson, George A1 - Nyholt, Dale R A1 - Okada, Yukinori A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Dorajoo, Rajkumar A1 - Reinmaa, Eva A1 - Salem, Rany M A1 - Sandholm, Niina A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - Takahashi, Atsushi A1 - Tanaka, Toshihiro A1 - Van't Hooft, Ferdinand M A1 - Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E A1 - Westra, Harm-Jan A1 - Zheng, Wei A1 - Zondervan, Krina T A1 - Heath, Andrew C A1 - Arveiler, Dominique A1 - Bakker, Stephan J L A1 - Beilby, John A1 - Bergman, Richard N A1 - Blangero, John A1 - Bovet, Pascal A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Cesana, Giancarlo A1 - Chakravarti, Aravinda A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Chines, Peter S A1 - Collins, Francis S A1 - Crawford, Dana C A1 - Cupples, L Adrienne A1 - Cusi, Daniele A1 - Danesh, John A1 - de Faire, Ulf A1 - den Ruijter, Hester M A1 - Dominiczak, Anna F A1 - Erbel, Raimund A1 - Erdmann, Jeanette A1 - Eriksson, Johan G A1 - Farrall, Martin A1 - Felix, Stephan B A1 - Ferrannini, Ele A1 - Ferrières, Jean A1 - Ford, Ian A1 - Forouhi, Nita G A1 - Forrester, Terrence A1 - Franco, Oscar H A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T A1 - Gejman, Pablo V A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Gottesman, Omri A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Gyllensten, Ulf A1 - Hall, Alistair S A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hattersley, Andrew T A1 - Hicks, Andrew A A1 - Hindorff, Lucia A A1 - Hingorani, Aroon D A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Hovingh, G Kees A1 - Humphries, Steve E A1 - Hunt, Steven C A1 - Hyppönen, Elina A1 - Illig, Thomas A1 - Jacobs, Kevin B A1 - Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Jöckel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Johansen, Berit A1 - Jousilahti, Pekka A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Jula, Antti M A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Kastelein, John J P A1 - Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M A1 - Kiemeney, Lambertus A A1 - Knekt, Paul A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Kooperberg, Charles A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Kraja, Aldi T A1 - Kumari, Meena A1 - Kuusisto, Johanna A1 - Lakka, Timo A A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Le Marchand, Loic A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lyssenko, Valeriya A1 - Männistö, Satu A1 - Marette, André A1 - Matise, Tara C A1 - McKenzie, Colin A A1 - McKnight, Barbara A1 - Moll, Frans L A1 - Morris, Andrew D A1 - Morris, Andrew P A1 - Murray, Jeffrey C A1 - Nelis, Mari A1 - Ohlsson, Claes A1 - Oldehinkel, Albertine J A1 - Ong, Ken K A1 - Madden, Pamela A F A1 - Pasterkamp, Gerard A1 - Peden, John F A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Postma, Dirkje S A1 - Pramstaller, Peter P A1 - Price, Jackie F A1 - Qi, Lu A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Rankinen, Tuomo A1 - Rao, D C A1 - Rice, Treva K A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Rioux, John D A1 - Ritchie, Marylyn D A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Saramies, Jouko A1 - Sarzynski, Mark A A1 - Schunkert, Heribert A1 - Schwarz, Peter E H A1 - Sever, Peter A1 - Shuldiner, Alan R A1 - Sinisalo, Juha A1 - Stolk, Ronald P A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Trégouët, David-Alexandre A1 - Tremblay, Angelo A1 - Tremoli, Elena A1 - Virtamo, Jarmo A1 - Vohl, Marie-Claude A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Waeber, Gerard A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Witteman, Jacqueline C A1 - Zillikens, M Carola A1 - Adair, Linda S A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Assimes, Themistocles L A1 - Bochud, Murielle A1 - Boehm, Bernhard O A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Bornstein, Stefan R A1 - Bottinger, Erwin P A1 - Bouchard, Claude A1 - Cauchi, Stéphane A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Chanock, Stephen J A1 - Cooper, Richard S A1 - de Bakker, Paul I W A1 - Dedoussis, George A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Froguel, Philippe A1 - Groop, Leif C A1 - Haiman, Christopher A A1 - Hamsten, Anders A1 - Hui, Jennie A1 - Hunter, David J A1 - Hveem, Kristian A1 - Kaplan, Robert C A1 - Kivimaki, Mika A1 - Kuh, Diana A1 - Laakso, Markku A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - März, Winfried A1 - Melbye, Mads A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Moebus, Susanne A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Njølstad, Inger A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Palmer, Colin N A A1 - Pedersen, Nancy L A1 - Perola, Markus A1 - Pérusse, Louis A1 - Peters, Ulrike A1 - Power, Chris A1 - Quertermous, Thomas A1 - Rauramaa, Rainer A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Saaristo, Timo E A1 - Saleheen, Danish A1 - Sattar, Naveed A1 - Schadt, Eric E A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Slagboom, P Eline A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Uusitupa, Matti A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - Walker, Mark A1 - Wallaschofski, Henri A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Watkins, Hugh A1 - Weir, David R A1 - Wichmann, H-Erich A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Zanen, Pieter A1 - Borecki, Ingrid B A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Fox, Caroline S A1 - Heid, Iris M A1 - O'Connell, Jeffrey R A1 - Strachan, David P A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo R A1 - Franke, Lude A1 - Frayling, Timothy M A1 - McCarthy, Mark I A1 - Visscher, Peter M A1 - Scherag, André A1 - Willer, Cristen J A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Mohlke, Karen L A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M A1 - Beckmann, Jacques S A1 - Barroso, Inês A1 - North, Kari E A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Hirschhorn, Joel N A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Speliotes, Elizabeth K KW - Adipogenesis KW - Adiposity KW - Age Factors KW - Body Mass Index KW - Continental Population Groups KW - Energy Metabolism KW - Europe KW - Female KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Glutamic Acid KW - Humans KW - Insulin KW - Male KW - Obesity KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Quantitative Trait Loci KW - Synapses AB -

Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.

VL - 518 IS - 7538 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673413?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale genomic analyses link reproductive aging to hypothalamic signaling, breast cancer susceptibility and BRCA1-mediated DNA repair. JF - Nat Genet Y1 - 2015 A1 - Day, Felix R A1 - Ruth, Katherine S A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Lunetta, Kathryn L A1 - Pervjakova, Natalia A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - Finucane, Hilary K A1 - Sulem, Patrick A1 - Bulik-Sullivan, Brendan A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Johnson, Andrew D A1 - Elks, Cathy E A1 - Franceschini, Nora A1 - He, Chunyan A1 - Altmaier, Elisabeth A1 - Brody, Jennifer A A1 - Franke, Lude L A1 - Huffman, Jennifer E A1 - Keller, Margaux F A1 - McArdle, Patrick F A1 - Nutile, Teresa A1 - Porcu, Eleonora A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rose, Lynda M A1 - Schick, Ursula M A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Traglia, Michela A1 - Vuckovic, Dragana A1 - Yao, Jie A1 - Zhao, Wei A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Corre, Tanguy A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo R A1 - Andrulis, Irene L A1 - Anton-Culver, Hoda A1 - Antoniou, Antonis C A1 - Arndt, Volker A1 - Arnold, Alice M A1 - Barbieri, Caterina A1 - Beckmann, Matthias W A1 - Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia A1 - Benitez, Javier A1 - Bernstein, Leslie A1 - Bielinski, Suzette J A1 - Blomqvist, Carl A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Bogdanova, Natalia V A1 - Bojesen, Stig E A1 - Bolla, Manjeet K A1 - Borresen-Dale, Anne-Lise A1 - Boutin, Thibaud S A1 - Brauch, Hiltrud A1 - Brenner, Hermann A1 - Brüning, Thomas A1 - Burwinkel, Barbara A1 - Campbell, Archie A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Chanock, Stephen J A1 - Chapman, J Ross A1 - Chen, Yii-Der Ida A1 - Chenevix-Trench, Georgia A1 - Couch, Fergus J A1 - Coviello, Andrea D A1 - Cox, Angela A1 - Czene, Kamila A1 - Darabi, Hatef A1 - De Vivo, Immaculata A1 - Demerath, Ellen W A1 - Dennis, Joe A1 - Devilee, Peter A1 - Dörk, Thilo A1 - Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Eicher, John D A1 - Fasching, Peter A A1 - Faul, Jessica D A1 - Figueroa, Jonine A1 - Flesch-Janys, Dieter A1 - Gandin, Ilaria A1 - Garcia, Melissa E A1 - García-Closas, Montserrat A1 - Giles, Graham G A1 - Girotto, Giorgia G A1 - Goldberg, Mark S A1 - González-Neira, Anna A1 - Goodarzi, Mark O A1 - Grove, Megan L A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Guenel, Pascal A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Haiman, Christopher A A1 - Hall, Per A1 - Hamann, Ute A1 - Henderson, Brian E A1 - Hocking, Lynne J A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Hooning, Maartje J A1 - Hopper, John L A1 - Hu, Frank B A1 - Huang, Jinyan A1 - Humphreys, Keith A1 - Hunter, David J A1 - Jakubowska, Anna A1 - Jones, Samuel E A1 - Kabisch, Maria A1 - Karasik, David A1 - Knight, Julia A A1 - Kolcic, Ivana A1 - Kooperberg, Charles A1 - Kosma, Veli-Matti A1 - Kriebel, Jennifer A1 - Kristensen, Vessela A1 - Lambrechts, Diether A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Li, Jingmei A1 - Li, Xin A1 - Lindström, Sara A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Lubinski, Jan A1 - Mägi, Reedik A1 - Mannermaa, Arto A1 - Manz, Judith A1 - Margolin, Sara A1 - Marten, Jonathan A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - Masciullo, Corrado A1 - Meindl, Alfons A1 - Michailidou, Kyriaki A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Milani, Lili A1 - Milne, Roger L A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Nalls, Michael A1 - Neale, Benjamin M A1 - Nevanlinna, Heli A1 - Neven, Patrick A1 - Newman, Anne B A1 - Nordestgaard, Børge G A1 - Olson, Janet E A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Peterlongo, Paolo A1 - Peters, Ulrike A1 - Petersmann, Astrid A1 - Peto, Julian A1 - Pharoah, Paul D P A1 - Pirastu, Nicola N A1 - Pirie, Ailith A1 - Pistis, Giorgio A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Porteous, David A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Pylkäs, Katri A1 - Radice, Paolo A1 - Raffel, Leslie J A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Rudolph, Anja A1 - Ruggiero, Daniela A1 - Sala, Cinzia F A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Sawyer, Elinor J A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Schmidt, Marjanka K A1 - Schmidt, Frank A1 - Schmutzler, Rita K A1 - Schoemaker, Minouk J A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Seynaeve, Caroline M A1 - Simard, Jacques A1 - Sorice, Rossella A1 - Southey, Melissa C A1 - Stöckl, Doris A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Swerdlow, Anthony A1 - Taylor, Kent D A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Toland, Amanda E A1 - Tomlinson, Ian A1 - Truong, Therese A1 - Tryggvadottir, Laufey A1 - Turner, Stephen T A1 - Vozzi, Diego A1 - Wang, Qin A1 - Wellons, Melissa A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Winqvist, Robert A1 - Wolffenbuttel, Bruce B H R A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Yannoukakos, Drakoulis A1 - Zemunik, Tatijana A1 - Zheng, Wei A1 - Zygmunt, Marek A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I A1 - Buring, Julie E A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Alizadeh, Behrooz Z A1 - Ciullo, Marina A1 - Crisponi, Laura A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Gasparini, Paolo P A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Kardia, Sharon L R A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - McKnight, Barbara A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Morrison, Alanna C A1 - Reiner, Alex P A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Toniolo, Daniela A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Weir, David R A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M A1 - Price, Alkes L A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Visser, Jenny A A1 - Ong, Ken K A1 - Chang-Claude, Jenny A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Murray, Anna AB -

Menopause timing has a substantial impact on infertility and risk of disease, including breast cancer, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We report a dual strategy in ∼70,000 women to identify common and low-frequency protein-coding variation associated with age at natural menopause (ANM). We identified 44 regions with common variants, including two regions harboring additional rare missense alleles of large effect. We found enrichment of signals in or near genes involved in delayed puberty, highlighting the first molecular links between the onset and end of reproductive lifespan. Pathway analyses identified major association with DNA damage response (DDR) genes, including the first common coding variant in BRCA1 associated with any complex trait. Mendelian randomization analyses supported a causal effect of later ANM on breast cancer risk (∼6% increase in risk per year; P = 3 × 10(-14)), likely mediated by prolonged sex hormone exposure rather than DDR mechanisms.

VL - 47 IS - 11 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26414677?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution. JF - Nature Y1 - 2015 A1 - Shungin, Dmitry A1 - Winkler, Thomas W A1 - Croteau-Chonka, Damien C A1 - Ferreira, Teresa A1 - Locke, Adam E A1 - Mägi, Reedik A1 - Strawbridge, Rona J A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Fischer, Krista A1 - Justice, Anne E A1 - Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie A1 - Wu, Joseph M W A1 - Buchkovich, Martin L A1 - Heard-Costa, Nancy L A1 - Roman, Tamara S A1 - Drong, Alexander W A1 - Song, Ci A1 - Gustafsson, Stefan A1 - Day, Felix R A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Fall, Tove A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Randall, Joshua C A1 - Scherag, André A1 - Vedantam, Sailaja A1 - Wood, Andrew R A1 - Chen, Jin A1 - Fehrmann, Rudolf A1 - Karjalainen, Juha A1 - Kahali, Bratati A1 - Liu, Ching-Ti A1 - Schmidt, Ellen M A1 - Absher, Devin A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Anderson, Denise A1 - Beekman, Marian A1 - Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L A1 - Buyske, Steven A1 - Demirkan, Ayse A1 - Ehret, Georg B A1 - Feitosa, Mary F A1 - Goel, Anuj A1 - Jackson, Anne U A1 - Johnson, Toby A1 - Kleber, Marcus E A1 - Kristiansson, Kati A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Mateo Leach, Irene A1 - Medina-Gomez, Carolina A1 - Palmer, Cameron D A1 - Pasko, Dorota A1 - Pechlivanis, Sonali A1 - Peters, Marjolein J A1 - Prokopenko, Inga A1 - Stančáková, Alena A1 - Ju Sung, Yun A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V A1 - Yengo, Loic A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Arnlöv, Johan A1 - Arscott, Gillian M A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Barrett, Amy A1 - Bellis, Claire A1 - Bennett, Amanda J A1 - Berne, Christian A1 - Blüher, Matthias A1 - Böhringer, Stefan A1 - Bonnet, Fabrice A1 - Böttcher, Yvonne A1 - Bruinenberg, Marcel A1 - Carba, Delia B A1 - Caspersen, Ida H A1 - Clarke, Robert A1 - Daw, E Warwick A1 - Deelen, Joris A1 - Deelman, Ewa A1 - Delgado, Graciela A1 - Doney, Alex S F A1 - Eklund, Niina A1 - Erdos, Michael R A1 - Estrada, Karol A1 - Eury, Elodie A1 - Friedrich, Nele A1 - Garcia, Melissa E A1 - Giedraitis, Vilmantas A1 - Gigante, Bruna A1 - Go, Alan S A1 - Golay, Alain A1 - Grallert, Harald A1 - Grammer, Tanja B A1 - Gräßler, Jürgen A1 - Grewal, Jagvir A1 - Groves, Christopher J A1 - Haller, Toomas A1 - Hallmans, Goran A1 - Hartman, Catharina A A1 - Hassinen, Maija A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Heikkilä, Kauko A1 - Herzig, Karl-Heinz A1 - Helmer, Quinta A1 - Hillege, Hans L A1 - Holmen, Oddgeir A1 - Hunt, Steven C A1 - Isaacs, Aaron A1 - Ittermann, Till A1 - James, Alan L A1 - Johansson, Ingegerd A1 - Juliusdottir, Thorhildur A1 - Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota A1 - Kinnunen, Leena A1 - Koenig, Wolfgang A1 - Kooner, Ishminder K A1 - Kratzer, Wolfgang A1 - Lamina, Claudia A1 - Leander, Karin A1 - Lee, Nanette R A1 - Lichtner, Peter A1 - Lind, Lars A1 - Lindström, Jaana A1 - Lobbens, Stéphane A1 - Lorentzon, Mattias A1 - Mach, François A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K E A1 - Mahajan, Anubha A1 - McArdle, Wendy L A1 - Menni, Cristina A1 - Merger, Sigrun A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Milani, Lili A1 - Mills, Rebecca A1 - Moayyeri, Alireza A1 - Monda, Keri L A1 - Mooijaart, Simon P A1 - Mühleisen, Thomas W A1 - Mulas, Antonella A1 - Müller, Gabriele A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Nagaraja, Ramaiah A1 - Nalls, Michael A A1 - Narisu, Narisu A1 - Glorioso, Nicola A1 - Nolte, Ilja M A1 - Olden, Matthias A1 - Rayner, Nigel W A1 - Renstrom, Frida A1 - Ried, Janina S A1 - Robertson, Neil R A1 - Rose, Lynda M A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Scharnagl, Hubert A1 - Scholtens, Salome A1 - Sennblad, Bengt A1 - Seufferlein, Thomas A1 - Sitlani, Colleen M A1 - Vernon Smith, Albert A1 - Stirrups, Kathleen A1 - Stringham, Heather M A1 - Sundström, Johan A1 - Swertz, Morris A A1 - Swift, Amy J A1 - Syvänen, Ann-Christine A1 - Tayo, Bamidele O A1 - Thorand, Barbara A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Tomaschitz, Andreas A1 - Troffa, Chiara A1 - van Oort, Floor V A A1 - Verweij, Niek A1 - Vonk, Judith M A1 - Waite, Lindsay L A1 - Wennauer, Roman A1 - Wilsgaard, Tom A1 - Wojczynski, Mary K A1 - Wong, Andrew A1 - Zhang, Qunyuan A1 - Hua Zhao, Jing A1 - Brennan, Eoin P A1 - Choi, Murim A1 - Eriksson, Per A1 - Folkersen, Lasse A1 - Franco-Cereceda, Anders A1 - Gharavi, Ali G A1 - Hedman, Åsa K A1 - Hivert, Marie-France A1 - Huang, Jinyan A1 - Kanoni, Stavroula A1 - Karpe, Fredrik A1 - Keildson, Sarah A1 - Kiryluk, Krzysztof A1 - Liang, Liming A1 - Lifton, Richard P A1 - Ma, Baoshan A1 - McKnight, Amy J A1 - McPherson, Ruth A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Min, Josine L A1 - Moffatt, Miriam F A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Nicholson, George A1 - Nyholt, Dale R A1 - Olsson, Christian A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Reinmaa, Eva A1 - Salem, Rany M A1 - Sandholm, Niina A1 - Schadt, Eric E A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - Vallejo, Edgar E A1 - Westra, Harm-Jan A1 - Zondervan, Krina T A1 - Amouyel, Philippe A1 - Arveiler, Dominique A1 - Bakker, Stephan J L A1 - Beilby, John A1 - Bergman, Richard N A1 - Blangero, John A1 - Brown, Morris J A1 - Burnier, Michel A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Chakravarti, Aravinda A1 - Chines, Peter S A1 - Claudi-Boehm, Simone A1 - Collins, Francis S A1 - Crawford, Dana C A1 - Danesh, John A1 - de Faire, Ulf A1 - de Geus, Eco J C A1 - Dörr, Marcus A1 - Erbel, Raimund A1 - Eriksson, Johan G A1 - Farrall, Martin A1 - Ferrannini, Ele A1 - Ferrières, Jean A1 - Forouhi, Nita G A1 - Forrester, Terrence A1 - Franco, Oscar H A1 - Gansevoort, Ron T A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Haiman, Christopher A A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hattersley, Andrew T A1 - Heliövaara, Markku A1 - Hicks, Andrew A A1 - Hingorani, Aroon D A1 - Hoffmann, Wolfgang A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Humphries, Steve E A1 - Hyppönen, Elina A1 - Illig, Thomas A1 - Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Johansen, Berit A1 - Jousilahti, Pekka A1 - Jula, Antti M A1 - Kaprio, Jaakko A1 - Kee, Frank A1 - Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Kooperberg, Charles A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Kraja, Aldi T A1 - Kumari, Meena A1 - Kuulasmaa, Kari A1 - Kuusisto, Johanna A1 - Lakka, Timo A A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Le Marchand, Loic A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Lyssenko, Valeriya A1 - Männistö, Satu A1 - Marette, André A1 - Matise, Tara C A1 - McKenzie, Colin A A1 - McKnight, Barbara A1 - Musk, Arthur W A1 - Möhlenkamp, Stefan A1 - Morris, Andrew D A1 - Nelis, Mari A1 - Ohlsson, Claes A1 - Oldehinkel, Albertine J A1 - Ong, Ken K A1 - Palmer, Lyle J A1 - Penninx, Brenda W A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Pramstaller, Peter P A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Rankinen, Tuomo A1 - Rao, D C A1 - Rice, Treva K A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Ritchie, Marylyn D A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Saramies, Jouko A1 - Sarzynski, Mark A A1 - Schwarz, Peter E H A1 - Shuldiner, Alan R A1 - Staessen, Jan A A1 - Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur A1 - Stolk, Ronald P A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Tremblay, Angelo A1 - Tremoli, Elena A1 - Vohl, Marie-Claude A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Vollenweider, Peter A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Witteman, Jacqueline C A1 - Adair, Linda S A1 - Bochud, Murielle A1 - Boehm, Bernhard O A1 - Bornstein, Stefan R A1 - Bouchard, Claude A1 - Cauchi, Stéphane A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Cooper, Richard S A1 - Dedoussis, George A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Froguel, Philippe A1 - Grabe, Hans-Jörgen A1 - Hamsten, Anders A1 - Hui, Jennie A1 - Hveem, Kristian A1 - Jöckel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Kivimaki, Mika A1 - Kuh, Diana A1 - Laakso, Markku A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - März, Winfried A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Njølstad, Inger A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Palmer, Colin N A A1 - Pedersen, Nancy L A1 - Perola, Markus A1 - Pérusse, Louis A1 - Peters, Ulrike A1 - Power, Chris A1 - Quertermous, Thomas A1 - Rauramaa, Rainer A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Saaristo, Timo E A1 - Saleheen, Danish A1 - Sinisalo, Juha A1 - Slagboom, P Eline A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Uusitupa, Matti A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - Veronesi, Giovanni A1 - Walker, Mark A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Watkins, Hugh A1 - Wichmann, H-Erich A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo R A1 - Assimes, Themistocles L A1 - Berndt, Sonja I A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Borecki, Ingrid B A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Franke, Lude A1 - Frayling, Timothy M A1 - Groop, Leif C A1 - Hunter, David J A1 - Kaplan, Robert C A1 - O'Connell, Jeffrey R A1 - Qi, Lu A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Strachan, David P A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Willer, Cristen J A1 - Visscher, Peter M A1 - Yang, Jian A1 - Hirschhorn, Joel N A1 - Zillikens, M Carola A1 - McCarthy, Mark I A1 - Speliotes, Elizabeth K A1 - North, Kari E A1 - Fox, Caroline S A1 - Barroso, Inês A1 - Franks, Paul W A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Heid, Iris M A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Cupples, L Adrienne A1 - Morris, Andrew P A1 - Lindgren, Cecilia M A1 - Mohlke, Karen L KW - Adipocytes KW - Adipogenesis KW - Adipose Tissue KW - Age Factors KW - Body Fat Distribution KW - Body Mass Index KW - Continental Population Groups KW - Epigenesis, Genetic KW - Europe KW - Female KW - Genome, Human KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Humans KW - Insulin KW - Insulin Resistance KW - Male KW - Models, Biological KW - Neovascularization, Physiologic KW - Obesity KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Quantitative Trait Loci KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Transcription, Genetic KW - Waist-Hip Ratio AB -

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.

VL - 518 IS - 7538 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673412?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rare coding variants and X-linked loci associated with age at menarche. JF - Nat Commun Y1 - 2015 A1 - Lunetta, Kathryn L A1 - Day, Felix R A1 - Sulem, Patrick A1 - Ruth, Katherine S A1 - Tung, Joyce Y A1 - Hinds, David A A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Elks, Cathy E A1 - Altmaier, Elisabeth A1 - He, Chunyan A1 - Huffman, Jennifer E A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Porcu, Eleonora A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rose, Lynda M A1 - Schick, Ursula M A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Traglia, Michela A1 - Wang, Carol A A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M A1 - Antoniou, Antonis C A1 - Barbieri, Caterina A1 - Coviello, Andrea D A1 - Cucca, Francesco A1 - Demerath, Ellen W A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Gandin, Ilaria A1 - Grove, Megan L A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Hocking, Lynne J A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Huang, Jinyan A1 - Jackson, Rebecca D A1 - Karasik, David A1 - Kriebel, Jennifer A1 - Lange, Ethan M A1 - Lange, Leslie A A1 - Langenberg, Claudia A1 - Li, Xin A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Mägi, Reedik A1 - Morrison, Alanna C A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Pirie, Ailith A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Porteous, David A1 - Reiner, Alex P A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Sala, Cinzia F A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Scott, Robert A A1 - Stöckl, Doris A1 - Visser, Jenny A A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Vozzi, Diego A1 - Wilson, James G A1 - Zygmunt, Marek A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Buring, Julie E A1 - Crisponi, Laura A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Hu, Frank B A1 - Liu, Simin A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Pennell, Craig E A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Strauch, Konstantin A1 - Streeten, Elizabeth A A1 - Toniolo, Daniela A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Wellons, Melissa A1 - Franceschini, Nora A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Murray, Anna A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Ong, Ken K A1 - Perry, John R B AB -

More than 100 loci have been identified for age at menarche by genome-wide association studies; however, collectively these explain only ∼3% of the trait variance. Here we test two overlooked sources of variation in 192,974 European ancestry women: low-frequency protein-coding variants and X-chromosome variants. Five missense/nonsense variants (in ALMS1/LAMB2/TNRC6A/TACR3/PRKAG1) are associated with age at menarche (minor allele frequencies 0.08-4.6%; effect sizes 0.08-1.25 years per allele; P<5 × 10(-8)). In addition, we identify common X-chromosome loci at IGSF1 (rs762080, P=9.4 × 10(-13)) and FAAH2 (rs5914101, P=4.9 × 10(-10)). Highlighted genes implicate cellular energy homeostasis, post-transcriptional gene silencing and fatty-acid amide signalling. A frequently reported mutation in TACR3 for idiopathic hypogonatrophic hypogonadism (p.W275X) is associated with 1.25-year-later menarche (P=2.8 × 10(-11)), illustrating the utility of population studies to estimate the penetrance of reportedly pathogenic mutations. Collectively, these novel variants explain ∼0.5% variance, indicating that these overlooked sources of variation do not substantially explain the 'missing heritability' of this complex trait.

VL - 6 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26239645?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic association study of QT interval highlights role for calcium signaling pathways in myocardial repolarization. JF - Nat Genet Y1 - 2014 A1 - Arking, Dan E A1 - Pulit, Sara L A1 - Crotti, Lia A1 - van der Harst, Pim A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Koopmann, Tamara T A1 - Sotoodehnia, Nona A1 - Rossin, Elizabeth J A1 - Morley, Michael A1 - Wang, Xinchen A1 - Johnson, Andrew D A1 - Lundby, Alicia A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Noseworthy, Peter A A1 - Eijgelsheim, Mark A1 - Bradford, Yuki A1 - Tarasov, Kirill V A1 - Dörr, Marcus A1 - Müller-Nurasyid, Martina A1 - Lahtinen, Annukka M A1 - Nolte, Ilja M A1 - Smith, Albert Vernon A1 - Bis, Joshua C A1 - Isaacs, Aaron A1 - Newhouse, Stephen J A1 - Evans, Daniel S A1 - Post, Wendy S A1 - Waggott, Daryl A1 - Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka A1 - Hicks, Andrew A A1 - Eisele, Lewin A1 - Ellinghaus, David A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Navarro, Pau A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Tester, David J A1 - Chatel, Stéphanie A1 - Gustafsson, Stefan A1 - Kumari, Meena A1 - Morris, Richard W A1 - Naluai, Åsa T A1 - Padmanabhan, Sandosh A1 - Kluttig, Alexander A1 - Strohmer, Bernhard A1 - Panayiotou, Andrie G A1 - Torres, Maria A1 - Knoflach, Michael A1 - Hubacek, Jaroslav A A1 - Slowikowski, Kamil A1 - Raychaudhuri, Soumya A1 - Kumar, Runjun D A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Launer, Lenore J A1 - Shuldiner, Alan R A1 - Alonso, Alvaro A1 - Bader, Joel S A1 - Ehret, Georg A1 - Huang, Hailiang A1 - Kao, W H Linda A1 - Strait, James B A1 - Macfarlane, Peter W A1 - Brown, Morris A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Kronenberg, Florian A1 - Willeit, Johann A1 - Smith, J Gustav A1 - Greiser, Karin H A1 - Meyer Zu Schwabedissen, Henriette A1 - Werdan, Karl A1 - Carella, Massimo A1 - Zelante, Leopoldo A1 - Heckbert, Susan R A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Kolcic, Ivana A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Griffin, Maura A1 - Daly, Mark J A1 - Arnar, David O A1 - Holm, Hilma A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Denny, Joshua C A1 - Roden, Dan M A1 - Zuvich, Rebecca L A1 - Emilsson, Valur A1 - Plump, Andrew S A1 - Larson, Martin G A1 - O'Donnell, Christopher J A1 - Yin, Xiaoyan A1 - Bobbo, Marco A1 - d'Adamo, Adamo P A1 - Iorio, Annamaria A1 - Sinagra, Gianfranco A1 - Carracedo, Angel A1 - Cummings, Steven R A1 - Nalls, Michael A A1 - Jula, Antti A1 - Kontula, Kimmo K A1 - Marjamaa, Annukka A1 - Oikarinen, Lasse A1 - Perola, Markus A1 - Porthan, Kimmo A1 - Erbel, Raimund A1 - Hoffmann, Per A1 - Jöckel, Karl-Heinz A1 - Kälsch, Hagen A1 - Nöthen, Markus M A1 - den Hoed, Marcel A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Thelle, Dag S A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Meitinger, Thomas A1 - Perz, Siegfried A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Prucha, Hanna A1 - Sinner, Moritz F A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie A1 - de Boer, Rudolf A A1 - Franke, Lude A1 - van der Vleuten, Pieter A A1 - Beckmann, Britt Maria A1 - Martens, Eimo A1 - Bardai, Abdennasser A1 - Hofman, Nynke A1 - Wilde, Arthur A M A1 - Behr, Elijah R A1 - Dalageorgou, Chrysoula A1 - Giudicessi, John R A1 - Medeiros-Domingo, Argelia A1 - Barc, Julien A1 - Kyndt, Florence A1 - Probst, Vincent A1 - Ghidoni, Alice A1 - Insolia, Roberto A1 - Hamilton, Robert M A1 - Scherer, Stephen W A1 - Brandimarto, Jeffrey A1 - Margulies, Kenneth A1 - Moravec, Christine E A1 - del Greco M, Fabiola A1 - Fuchsberger, Christian A1 - O'Connell, Jeffrey R A1 - Lee, Wai K A1 - Watt, Graham C M A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Wild, Sarah H A1 - El Mokhtari, Nour E A1 - Frey, Norbert A1 - Asselbergs, Folkert W A1 - Mateo Leach, Irene A1 - Navis, Gerjan A1 - van den Berg, Maarten P A1 - van Veldhuisen, Dirk J A1 - Kellis, Manolis A1 - Krijthe, Bouwe P A1 - Franco, Oscar H A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Kors, Jan A A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Witteman, Jacqueline C M A1 - Kedenko, Lyudmyla A1 - Lamina, Claudia A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo R A1 - Lakatta, Edward G A1 - Mulas, Antonella A1 - Orru, Marco A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Uda, Manuela A1 - Markus, Marcello R P A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Spector, Timothy D A1 - Arnlöv, Johan A1 - Lind, Lars A1 - Sundström, Johan A1 - Syvänen, Ann-Christine A1 - Kivimaki, Mika A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Mononen, Nina A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Viikari, Jorma S A1 - Adamkova, Vera A1 - Kiechl, Stefan A1 - Brion, Maria A1 - Nicolaides, Andrew N A1 - Paulweber, Bernhard A1 - Haerting, Johannes A1 - Dominiczak, Anna F A1 - Nyberg, Fredrik A1 - Whincup, Peter H A1 - Hingorani, Aroon D A1 - Schott, Jean-Jacques A1 - Bezzina, Connie R A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Franke, Andre A1 - Mühleisen, Thomas W A1 - Pramstaller, Peter P A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho J A1 - Paterson, Andrew D A1 - Parsa, Afshin A1 - Liu, Yongmei A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Siscovick, David S A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Jamshidi, Yalda A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Felix, Stephan B A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Ritchie, Marylyn D A1 - Stricker, Bruno H A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Boyer, Laurie A A1 - Cappola, Thomas P A1 - Olsen, Jesper V A1 - Lage, Kasper A1 - Schwartz, Peter J A1 - Kääb, Stefan A1 - Chakravarti, Aravinda A1 - Ackerman, Michael J A1 - Pfeufer, Arne A1 - de Bakker, Paul I W A1 - Newton-Cheh, Christopher KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Arrhythmias, Cardiac KW - Calcium Signaling KW - Death, Sudden, Cardiac KW - Electrocardiography KW - Female KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Genotype KW - Heart Ventricles KW - Humans KW - Long QT Syndrome KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Myocardium KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide AB -

The QT interval, an electrocardiographic measure reflecting myocardial repolarization, is a heritable trait. QT prolongation is a risk factor for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD) and could indicate the presence of the potentially lethal mendelian long-QT syndrome (LQTS). Using a genome-wide association and replication study in up to 100,000 individuals, we identified 35 common variant loci associated with QT interval that collectively explain ∼8-10% of QT-interval variation and highlight the importance of calcium regulation in myocardial repolarization. Rare variant analysis of 6 new QT interval-associated loci in 298 unrelated probands with LQTS identified coding variants not found in controls but of uncertain causality and therefore requiring validation. Several newly identified loci encode proteins that physically interact with other recognized repolarization proteins. Our integration of common variant association, expression and orthogonal protein-protein interaction screens provides new insights into cardiac electrophysiology and identifies new candidate genes for ventricular arrhythmias, LQTS and SCD.

VL - 46 IS - 8 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24952745?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche. JF - Nature Y1 - 2014 A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Day, Felix A1 - Elks, Cathy E A1 - Sulem, Patrick A1 - Thompson, Deborah J A1 - Ferreira, Teresa A1 - He, Chunyan A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Ang, Wei Q A1 - Corre, Tanguy A1 - Cousminer, Diana L A1 - Feenstra, Bjarke A1 - Franceschini, Nora A1 - Ganna, Andrea A1 - Johnson, Andrew D A1 - Kjellqvist, Sanela A1 - Lunetta, Kathryn L A1 - McMahon, George A1 - Nolte, Ilja M A1 - Paternoster, Lavinia A1 - Porcu, Eleonora A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - Teumer, Alexander A1 - Tšernikova, Natalia A1 - Tikkanen, Emmi A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Wagner, Erin K A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Bierut, Laura J A1 - Byrne, Enda M A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Koller, Daniel L A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Pers, Tune H A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M A1 - Hua Zhao, Jing A1 - Andrulis, Irene L A1 - Anton-Culver, Hoda A1 - Atsma, Femke A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Beckmann, Matthias W A1 - Benitez, Javier A1 - Blomqvist, Carl A1 - Bojesen, Stig E A1 - Bolla, Manjeet K A1 - Bonanni, Bernardo A1 - Brauch, Hiltrud A1 - Brenner, Hermann A1 - Buring, Julie E A1 - Chang-Claude, Jenny A1 - Chanock, Stephen A1 - Chen, Jinhui A1 - Chenevix-Trench, Georgia A1 - Collée, J Margriet A1 - Couch, Fergus J A1 - Couper, David A1 - Coviello, Andrea D A1 - Cox, Angela A1 - Czene, Kamila A1 - d'Adamo, Adamo Pio A1 - Davey Smith, George A1 - De Vivo, Immaculata A1 - Demerath, Ellen W A1 - Dennis, Joe A1 - Devilee, Peter A1 - Dieffenbach, Aida K A1 - Dunning, Alison M A1 - Eiriksdottir, Gudny A1 - Eriksson, Johan G A1 - Fasching, Peter A A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Flesch-Janys, Dieter A1 - Flyger, Henrik A1 - Foroud, Tatiana A1 - Franke, Lude A1 - Garcia, Melissa E A1 - García-Closas, Montserrat A1 - Geller, Frank A1 - de Geus, Eco E J A1 - Giles, Graham G A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Guenel, Pascal A1 - Guo, Suiqun A1 - Hall, Per A1 - Hamann, Ute A1 - Haring, Robin A1 - Hartman, Catharina A A1 - Heath, Andrew C A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Hooning, Maartje J A1 - Hopper, John L A1 - Hu, Frank B A1 - Hunter, David J A1 - Karasik, David A1 - Kiel, Douglas P A1 - Knight, Julia A A1 - Kosma, Veli-Matti A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Lai, Sandra A1 - Lambrechts, Diether A1 - Lindblom, Annika A1 - Mägi, Reedik A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K A1 - Mannermaa, Arto A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - Masson, Gisli A1 - McArdle, Patrick F A1 - McArdle, Wendy L A1 - Melbye, Mads A1 - Michailidou, Kyriaki A1 - Mihailov, Evelin A1 - Milani, Lili A1 - Milne, Roger L A1 - Nevanlinna, Heli A1 - Neven, Patrick A1 - Nohr, Ellen A A1 - Oldehinkel, Albertine J A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Palotie, Aarno A1 - Peacock, Munro A1 - Pedersen, Nancy L A1 - Peterlongo, Paolo A1 - Peto, Julian A1 - Pharoah, Paul D P A1 - Postma, Dirkje S A1 - Pouta, Anneli A1 - Pylkäs, Katri A1 - Radice, Paolo A1 - Ring, Susan A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Robino, Antonietta A1 - Rose, Lynda M A1 - Rudolph, Anja A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Schmidt, Marjanka K A1 - Southey, Mellissa C A1 - Sovio, Ulla A1 - Stampfer, Meir J A1 - Stöckl, Doris A1 - Storniolo, Anna M A1 - Timpson, Nicholas J A1 - Tyrer, Jonathan A1 - Visser, Jenny A A1 - Vollenweider, Peter A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Waeber, Gerard A1 - Waldenberger, Melanie A1 - Wallaschofski, Henri A1 - Wang, Qin A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Winqvist, Robert A1 - Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R A1 - Wright, Margaret J A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I A1 - Econs, Michael J A1 - Khaw, Kay-Tee A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - McCarthy, Mark I A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Rice, John P A1 - Streeten, Elizabeth A A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Alizadeh, Behrooz Z A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Boyd, Heather A A1 - Crisponi, Laura A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Lawlor, Debbie A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Pennell, Craig E A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Sørensen, Thorkild I A A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Strachan, David P A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Widen, Elisabeth A1 - Zygmunt, Marek A1 - Murray, Anna A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Ong, Ken K KW - Adolescent KW - Age Factors KW - Alleles KW - Body Mass Index KW - Breast Neoplasms KW - Cardiovascular Diseases KW - Child KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 KW - Europe KW - Female KW - Genetic Loci KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Genomic Imprinting KW - Humans KW - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System KW - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins KW - Male KW - Membrane Proteins KW - Menarche KW - Obesity KW - Ovary KW - Parents KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain KW - Proteins KW - Quantitative Trait Loci KW - Receptors, GABA-B KW - Receptors, Retinoic Acid KW - Ribonucleoproteins AB -

Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and all-cause mortality. Studies of rare human disorders of puberty and animal models point to a complex hypothalamic-pituitary-hormonal regulation, but the mechanisms that determine pubertal timing and underlie its links to disease risk remain unclear. Here, using genome-wide and custom-genotyping arrays in up to 182,416 women of European descent from 57 studies, we found robust evidence (P < 5 × 10(-8)) for 123 signals at 106 genomic loci associated with age at menarche. Many loci were associated with other pubertal traits in both sexes, and there was substantial overlap with genes implicated in body mass index and various diseases, including rare disorders of puberty. Menarche signals were enriched in imprinted regions, with three loci (DLK1-WDR25, MKRN3-MAGEL2 and KCNK9) demonstrating parent-of-origin-specific associations concordant with known parental expression patterns. Pathway analyses implicated nuclear hormone receptors, particularly retinoic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid-B2 receptor signalling, among novel mechanisms that regulate pubertal timing in humans. Our findings suggest a genetic architecture involving at least hundreds of common variants in the coordinated timing of the pubertal transition.

VL - 514 IS - 7520 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25231870?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meta-analyses identify 13 loci associated with age at menopause and highlight DNA repair and immune pathways. JF - Nat Genet Y1 - 2012 A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - He, Chunyan A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Sulem, Patrick A1 - Barbalic, Maja A1 - Broer, Linda A1 - Byrne, Enda M A1 - Ernst, Florian A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Franceschini, Nora A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - McArdle, Patrick F A1 - Porcu, Eleonora A1 - Shin, So-Youn A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - van Wingerden, Sophie A1 - Zhai, Guangju A1 - Zhuang, Wei V A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Alizadeh, Behrooz Z A1 - Aspelund, Thor A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Lauc, Lovorka Barac A1 - Beckmann, Jacques S A1 - Boban, Mladen A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Broekmans, Frank J A1 - Burri, Andrea A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Chanock, Stephen J A1 - Chen, Constance A1 - Cornelis, Marilyn C A1 - Corre, Tanguy A1 - Coviello, Andrea D A1 - d'Adamo, Pio A1 - Davies, Gail A1 - de Faire, Ulf A1 - de Geus, Eco J C A1 - Deary, Ian J A1 - Dedoussis, George V Z A1 - Deloukas, Panagiotis A1 - Ebrahim, Shah A1 - Eiriksdottir, Gudny A1 - Emilsson, Valur A1 - Eriksson, Johan G A1 - Fauser, Bart C J M A1 - Ferreli, Liana A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Fischer, Krista A1 - Folsom, Aaron R A1 - Garcia, Melissa E A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Glazer, Nicole A1 - Grobbee, Diederick E A1 - Hall, Per A1 - Haller, Toomas A1 - Hankinson, Susan E A1 - Hass, Merli A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Heath, Andrew C A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Janssens, A Cecile J W A1 - Johnson, Andrew D A1 - Karasik, David A1 - Kardia, Sharon L R A1 - Keyzer, Jules A1 - Kiel, Douglas P A1 - Kolcic, Ivana A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Lahti, Jari A1 - Lai, Sandra A1 - Laisk, Triin A1 - Laven, Joop S E A1 - Lawlor, Debbie A A1 - Liu, Jianjun A1 - Lopez, Lorna M A1 - Louwers, Yvonne V A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K E A1 - Marongiu, Mara A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - Klaric, Irena Martinovic A1 - Masciullo, Corrado A1 - McKnight, Barbara A1 - Medland, Sarah E A1 - Melzer, David A1 - Mooser, Vincent A1 - Navarro, Pau A1 - Newman, Anne B A1 - Nyholt, Dale R A1 - Onland-Moret, N Charlotte A1 - Palotie, Aarno A1 - Paré, Guillaume A1 - Parker, Alex N A1 - Pedersen, Nancy L A1 - Peeters, Petra H M A1 - Pistis, Giorgio A1 - Plump, Andrew S A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Pop, Victor J M A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Räikkönen, Katri A1 - Rehnberg, Emil A1 - Rotter, Jerome I A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Sala, Cinzia A1 - Salumets, Andres A1 - Scuteri, Angelo A1 - Singleton, Andrew A1 - Smith, Jennifer A A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Soranzo, Nicole A1 - Stacey, Simon N A1 - Starr, John M A1 - Stathopoulou, Maria G A1 - Stirrups, Kathleen A1 - Stolk, Ronald P A1 - Styrkarsdottir, Unnur A1 - Sun, Yan V A1 - Tenesa, Albert A1 - Thorand, Barbara A1 - Toniolo, Daniela A1 - Tryggvadottir, Laufey A1 - Tsui, Kim A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - van Dam, Rob M A1 - van der Schouw, Yvonne T A1 - van Gils, Carla H A1 - van Nierop, Peter A1 - Vink, Jacqueline M A1 - Visscher, Peter M A1 - Voorhuis, Marlies A1 - Waeber, Gerard A1 - Wallaschofski, Henri A1 - Wichmann, H Erich A1 - Widen, Elisabeth A1 - Wijnands-van Gent, Colette J M A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M A1 - Zemunik, Tatijana A1 - Zgaga, Lina A1 - Zillikens, M Carola A1 - Zygmunt, Marek A1 - Arnold, Alice M A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I A1 - Buring, Julie E A1 - Crisponi, Laura A1 - Demerath, Ellen W A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hu, Frank B A1 - Hunter, David J A1 - Launer, Lenore J A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Streeten, Elizabeth A A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Uda, Manuela A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Murray, Anna A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Visser, Jenny A A1 - Lunetta, Kathryn L KW - Age Factors KW - DNA Helicases KW - DNA Primase KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA Repair Enzymes KW - DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - European Continental Ancestry Group KW - Exodeoxyribonucleases KW - Female KW - Genetic Loci KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Humans KW - Immunity KW - Menopause KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Proteins AB -

To newly identify loci for age at natural menopause, we carried out a meta-analysis of 22 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 38,968 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,435 women. In addition to four known loci, we identified 13 loci newly associated with age at natural menopause (at P < 5 × 10(-8)). Candidate genes located at these newly associated loci include genes implicated in DNA repair (EXO1, HELQ, UIMC1, FAM175A, FANCI, TLK1, POLG and PRIM1) and immune function (IL11, NLRP11 and PRRC2A (also known as BAT2)). Gene-set enrichment pathway analyses using the full GWAS data set identified exoDNase, NF-κB signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction as biological processes related to timing of menopause.

VL - 44 IS - 3 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22267201?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome-wide association study identifies six new loci influencing pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure. JF - Nat Genet Y1 - 2011 A1 - Wain, Louise V A1 - Verwoert, Germaine C A1 - O'Reilly, Paul F A1 - Shi, Gang A1 - Johnson, Toby A1 - Johnson, Andrew D A1 - Bochud, Murielle A1 - Rice, Kenneth M A1 - Henneman, Peter A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Ehret, Georg B A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Larson, Martin G A1 - Mooser, Vincent A1 - Hadley, David A1 - Dörr, Marcus A1 - Bis, Joshua C A1 - Aspelund, Thor A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Janssens, A Cecile J W A1 - Zhao, Jing Hua A1 - Heath, Simon A1 - Laan, Maris A1 - Fu, Jingyuan A1 - Pistis, Giorgio A1 - Luan, Jian'an A1 - Arora, Pankaj A1 - Lucas, Gavin A1 - Pirastu, Nicola A1 - Pichler, Irene A1 - Jackson, Anne U A1 - Webster, Rebecca J A1 - Zhang, Feng A1 - Peden, John F A1 - Schmidt, Helena A1 - Tanaka, Toshiko A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Igl, Wilmar A1 - Milaneschi, Yuri A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Vitart, Veronique A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Trompet, Stella A1 - Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L A1 - Alizadeh, Behrooz Z A1 - Chambers, John C A1 - Guo, Xiuqing A1 - Lehtimäki, Terho A1 - Kuhnel, Brigitte A1 - Lopez, Lorna M A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Boban, Mladen A1 - Nelson, Christopher P A1 - Morrison, Alanna C A1 - Pihur, Vasyl A1 - Ganesh, Santhi K A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Kundu, Suman A1 - Mattace-Raso, Francesco U S A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Sijbrands, Eric J G A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Hwang, Shih-Jen A1 - Vasan, Ramachandran S A1 - Wang, Thomas J A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Vollenweider, Peter A1 - Waeber, Gerard A1 - Laitinen, Jaana A1 - Pouta, Anneli A1 - Zitting, Paavo A1 - McArdle, Wendy L A1 - Kroemer, Heyo K A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Glazer, Nicole L A1 - Taylor, Kent D A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Alavere, Helene A1 - Haller, Toomas A1 - Keis, Aime A1 - Tammesoo, Mari-Liis A1 - Aulchenko, Yurii A1 - Barroso, Inês A1 - Khaw, Kay-Tee A1 - Galan, Pilar A1 - Hercberg, Serge A1 - Lathrop, Mark A1 - Eyheramendy, Susana A1 - Org, Elin A1 - Sõber, Siim A1 - Lu, Xiaowen A1 - Nolte, Ilja M A1 - Penninx, Brenda W A1 - Corre, Tanguy A1 - Masciullo, Corrado A1 - Sala, Cinzia A1 - Groop, Leif A1 - Voight, Benjamin F A1 - Melander, Olle A1 - O'Donnell, Christopher J A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - d'Adamo, Adamo Pio A1 - Fabretto, Antonella A1 - Faletra, Flavio A1 - Ulivi, Sheila A1 - Del Greco, Fabiola M A1 - Facheris, Maurizio A1 - Collins, Francis S A1 - Bergman, Richard N A1 - Beilby, John P A1 - Hung, Joseph A1 - Musk, A William A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Shin, So-Youn A1 - Soranzo, Nicole A1 - Watkins, Hugh A1 - Goel, Anuj A1 - Hamsten, Anders A1 - Gider, Pierre A1 - Loitfelder, Marisa A1 - Zeginigg, Marion A1 - Hernandez, Dena A1 - Najjar, Samer S A1 - Navarro, Pau A1 - Wild, Sarah H A1 - Corsi, Anna Maria A1 - Singleton, Andrew A1 - de Geus, Eco J C A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Parker, Alex N A1 - Rose, Lynda M A1 - Buckley, Brendan A1 - Stott, David A1 - Orru, Marco A1 - Uda, Manuela A1 - van der Klauw, Melanie M A1 - Zhang, Weihua A1 - Li, Xinzhong A1 - Scott, James A1 - Chen, Yii-Der Ida A1 - Burke, Gregory L A1 - Kähönen, Mika A1 - Viikari, Jorma A1 - Döring, Angela A1 - Meitinger, Thomas A1 - Davies, Gail A1 - Starr, John M A1 - Emilsson, Valur A1 - Plump, Andrew A1 - Lindeman, Jan H A1 - Hoen, Peter A C 't A1 - König, Inke R A1 - Felix, Janine F A1 - Clarke, Robert A1 - Hopewell, Jemma C A1 - Ongen, Halit A1 - Breteler, Monique A1 - Debette, Stéphanie A1 - Destefano, Anita L A1 - Fornage, Myriam A1 - Mitchell, Gary F A1 - Smith, Nicholas L A1 - Holm, Hilma A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Thorleifsson, Gudmar A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Samani, Nilesh J A1 - Preuss, Michael A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Deary, Ian J A1 - Wichmann, H-Erich A1 - Raitakari, Olli T A1 - Palmas, Walter A1 - Kooner, Jaspal S A1 - Stolk, Ronald P A1 - Jukema, J Wouter A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Gyllensten, Ulf B A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Schmidt, Reinhold A1 - Farrall, Martin A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Palmer, Lyle J A1 - Tuomilehto, Jaakko A1 - Pfeufer, Arne A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Siscovick, David A1 - Altshuler, David A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Toniolo, Daniela A1 - Snieder, Harold A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Meneton, Pierre A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Launer, Lenore A1 - Rettig, Rainer A1 - Strachan, David P A1 - Beckmann, Jacques S A1 - Witteman, Jacqueline C M A1 - Erdmann, Jeanette A1 - van Dijk, Ko Willems A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Boehnke, Michael A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Chakravarti, Aravinda A1 - Abecasis, Goncalo R A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Newton-Cheh, Christopher A1 - Levy, Daniel A1 - Munroe, Patricia B A1 - Psaty, Bruce M A1 - Caulfield, Mark J A1 - Rao, Dabeeru C A1 - Tobin, Martin D A1 - Elliott, Paul A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M KW - Arteries KW - Blood Pressure KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Follow-Up Studies KW - Genetic Loci KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Humans KW - Hypertension KW - Linkage Disequilibrium KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide AB -

Numerous genetic loci have been associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in Europeans. We now report genome-wide association studies of pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). In discovery (N = 74,064) and follow-up studies (N = 48,607), we identified at genome-wide significance (P = 2.7 × 10(-8) to P = 2.3 × 10(-13)) four new PP loci (at 4q12 near CHIC2, 7q22.3 near PIK3CG, 8q24.12 in NOV and 11q24.3 near ADAMTS8), two new MAP loci (3p21.31 in MAP4 and 10q25.3 near ADRB1) and one locus associated with both of these traits (2q24.3 near FIGN) that has also recently been associated with SBP in east Asians. For three of the new PP loci, the estimated effect for SBP was opposite of that for DBP, in contrast to the majority of common SBP- and DBP-associated variants, which show concordant effects on both traits. These findings suggest new genetic pathways underlying blood pressure variation, some of which may differentially influence SBP and DBP.

VL - 43 IS - 10 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21909110?dopt=Abstract ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thirty new loci for age at menarche identified by a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. JF - Nat Genet Y1 - 2010 A1 - Elks, Cathy E A1 - Perry, John R B A1 - Sulem, Patrick A1 - Chasman, Daniel I A1 - Franceschini, Nora A1 - He, Chunyan A1 - Lunetta, Kathryn L A1 - Visser, Jenny A A1 - Byrne, Enda M A1 - Cousminer, Diana L A1 - Gudbjartsson, Daniel F A1 - Esko, Tõnu A1 - Feenstra, Bjarke A1 - Hottenga, Jouke-Jan A1 - Koller, Daniel L A1 - Kutalik, Zoltán A1 - Lin, Peng A1 - Mangino, Massimo A1 - Marongiu, Mara A1 - McArdle, Patrick F A1 - Smith, Albert V A1 - Stolk, Lisette A1 - van Wingerden, Sophie H A1 - Zhao, Jing Hua A1 - Albrecht, Eva A1 - Corre, Tanguy A1 - Ingelsson, Erik A1 - Hayward, Caroline A1 - Magnusson, Patrik K E A1 - Smith, Erin N A1 - Ulivi, Shelia A1 - Warrington, Nicole M A1 - Zgaga, Lina A1 - Alavere, Helen A1 - Amin, Najaf A1 - Aspelund, Thor A1 - Bandinelli, Stefania A1 - Barroso, Inês A1 - Berenson, Gerald S A1 - Bergmann, Sven A1 - Blackburn, Hannah A1 - Boerwinkle, Eric A1 - Buring, Julie E A1 - Busonero, Fabio A1 - Campbell, Harry A1 - Chanock, Stephen J A1 - Chen, Wei A1 - Cornelis, Marilyn C A1 - Couper, David A1 - Coviello, Andrea D A1 - d'Adamo, Pio A1 - de Faire, Ulf A1 - de Geus, Eco J C A1 - Deloukas, Panos A1 - Döring, Angela A1 - Smith, George Davey A1 - Easton, Douglas F A1 - Eiriksdottir, Gudny A1 - Emilsson, Valur A1 - Eriksson, Johan A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Folsom, Aaron R A1 - Foroud, Tatiana A1 - Garcia, Melissa A1 - Gasparini, Paolo A1 - Geller, Frank A1 - Gieger, Christian A1 - Gudnason, Vilmundur A1 - Hall, Per A1 - Hankinson, Susan E A1 - Ferreli, Liana A1 - Heath, Andrew C A1 - Hernandez, Dena G A1 - Hofman, Albert A1 - Hu, Frank B A1 - Illig, Thomas A1 - Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta A1 - Johnson, Andrew D A1 - Karasik, David A1 - Khaw, Kay-Tee A1 - Kiel, Douglas P A1 - Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O A1 - Kolcic, Ivana A1 - Kraft, Peter A1 - Launer, Lenore J A1 - Laven, Joop S E A1 - Li, Shengxu A1 - Liu, Jianjun A1 - Levy, Daniel A1 - Martin, Nicholas G A1 - McArdle, Wendy L A1 - Melbye, Mads A1 - Mooser, Vincent A1 - Murray, Jeffrey C A1 - Murray, Sarah S A1 - Nalls, Michael A A1 - Navarro, Pau A1 - Nelis, Mari A1 - Ness, Andrew R A1 - Northstone, Kate A1 - Oostra, Ben A A1 - Peacock, Munro A1 - Palmer, Lyle J A1 - Palotie, Aarno A1 - Paré, Guillaume A1 - Parker, Alex N A1 - Pedersen, Nancy L A1 - Peltonen, Leena A1 - Pennell, Craig E A1 - Pharoah, Paul A1 - Polasek, Ozren A1 - Plump, Andrew S A1 - Pouta, Anneli A1 - Porcu, Eleonora A1 - Rafnar, Thorunn A1 - Rice, John P A1 - Ring, Susan M A1 - Rivadeneira, Fernando A1 - Rudan, Igor A1 - Sala, Cinzia A1 - Salomaa, Veikko A1 - Sanna, Serena A1 - Schlessinger, David A1 - Schork, Nicholas J A1 - Scuteri, Angelo A1 - Segrè, Ayellet V A1 - Shuldiner, Alan R A1 - Soranzo, Nicole A1 - Sovio, Ulla A1 - Srinivasan, Sathanur R A1 - Strachan, David P A1 - Tammesoo, Mar-Liis A1 - Tikkanen, Emmi A1 - Toniolo, Daniela A1 - Tsui, Kim A1 - Tryggvadottir, Laufey A1 - Tyrer, Jonathon A1 - Uda, Manuela A1 - van Dam, Rob M A1 - van Meurs, Joyce B J A1 - Vollenweider, Peter A1 - Waeber, Gerard A1 - Wareham, Nicholas J A1 - Waterworth, Dawn M A1 - Weedon, Michael N A1 - Wichmann, H Erich A1 - Willemsen, Gonneke A1 - Wilson, James F A1 - Wright, Alan F A1 - Young, Lauren A1 - Zhai, Guangju A1 - Zhuang, Wei Vivian A1 - Bierut, Laura J A1 - Boomsma, Dorret I A1 - Boyd, Heather A A1 - Crisponi, Laura A1 - Demerath, Ellen W A1 - van Duijn, Cornelia M A1 - Econs, Michael J A1 - Harris, Tamara B A1 - Hunter, David J A1 - Loos, Ruth J F A1 - Metspalu, Andres A1 - Montgomery, Grant W A1 - Ridker, Paul M A1 - Spector, Tim D A1 - Streeten, Elizabeth A A1 - Stefansson, Kari A1 - Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur A1 - Uitterlinden, André G A1 - Widen, Elisabeth A1 - Murabito, Joanne M A1 - Ong, Ken K A1 - Murray, Anna KW - Adolescent KW - Aging KW - Body Height KW - Body Size KW - Child KW - DNA Copy Number Variations KW - Female KW - Genetic Loci KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease KW - Genome-Wide Association Study KW - Humans KW - Inheritance Patterns KW - Menarche KW - Obesity KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide KW - Quantitative Trait Loci KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Time Factors AB -

To identify loci for age at menarche, we performed a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies in 87,802 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,731 women. In addition to the known loci at LIN28B (P = 5.4 × 10⁻⁶⁰) and 9q31.2 (P = 2.2 × 10⁻³³), we identified 30 new menarche loci (all P < 5 × 10⁻⁸) and found suggestive evidence for a further 10 loci (P < 1.9 × 10⁻⁶). The new loci included four previously associated with body mass index (in or near FTO, SEC16B, TRA2B and TMEM18), three in or near other genes implicated in energy homeostasis (BSX, CRTC1 and MCHR2) and three in or near genes implicated in hormonal regulation (INHBA, PCSK2 and RXRG). Ingenuity and gene-set enrichment pathway analyses identified coenzyme A and fatty acid biosynthesis as biological processes related to menarche timing.

VL - 42 IS - 12 U1 - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21102462?dopt=Abstract ER -