%0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2018 %T Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits. %A Evangelou, Evangelos %A Warren, Helen R %A Mosen-Ansorena, David %A Mifsud, Borbala %A Pazoki, Raha %A Gao, He %A Ntritsos, Georgios %A Dimou, Niki %A Cabrera, Claudia P %A Karaman, Ibrahim %A Ng, Fu Liang %A Evangelou, Marina %A Witkowska, Katarzyna %A Tzanis, Evan %A Hellwege, Jacklyn N %A Giri, Ayush %A Velez Edwards, Digna R %A Sun, Yan V %A Cho, Kelly %A Gaziano, J Michael %A Wilson, Peter W F %A Tsao, Philip S %A Kovesdy, Csaba P %A Esko, Tõnu %A Mägi, Reedik %A Milani, Lili %A Almgren, Peter %A Boutin, Thibaud %A Debette, Stéphanie %A Ding, Jun %A Giulianini, Franco %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Jackson, Anne U %A Li-Gao, Ruifang %A Lin, Wei-Yu %A Luan, Jian'an %A Mangino, Massimo %A Oldmeadow, Christopher %A Prins, Bram Peter %A Qian, Yong %A Sargurupremraj, Muralidharan %A Shah, Nabi %A Surendran, Praveen %A Thériault, Sébastien %A Verweij, Niek %A Willems, Sara M %A Zhao, Jing-Hua %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Connell, John %A de Mutsert, Renée %A Doney, Alex S F %A Farrall, Martin %A Menni, Cristina %A Morris, Andrew D %A Noordam, Raymond %A Paré, Guillaume %A Poulter, Neil R %A Shields, Denis C %A Stanton, Alice %A Thom, Simon %A Abecasis, Goncalo %A Amin, Najaf %A Arking, Dan E %A Ayers, Kristin L %A Barbieri, Caterina M %A Batini, Chiara %A Bis, Joshua C %A Blake, Tineka %A Bochud, Murielle %A Boehnke, Michael %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Boomsma, Dorret I %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Braund, Peter S %A Brumat, Marco %A Campbell, Archie %A Campbell, Harry %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chambers, John C %A Chauhan, Ganesh %A Ciullo, Marina %A Cocca, Massimiliano %A Collins, Francis %A Cordell, Heather J %A Davies, Gail %A de Borst, Martin H %A de Geus, Eco J %A Deary, Ian J %A Deelen, Joris %A del Greco M, Fabiola %A Demirkale, Cumhur Yusuf %A Dörr, Marcus %A Ehret, Georg B %A Elosua, Roberto %A Enroth, Stefan %A Erzurumluoglu, A Mesut %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Frånberg, Mattias %A Franco, Oscar H %A Gandin, Ilaria %A Gasparini, Paolo %A Giedraitis, Vilmantas %A Gieger, Christian %A Girotto, Giorgia %A Goel, Anuj %A Gow, Alan J %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Gyllensten, Ulf %A Hamsten, Anders %A Harris, Tamara B %A Harris, Sarah E %A Hartman, Catharina A %A Havulinna, Aki S %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Hofer, Edith %A Hofman, Albert %A Hottenga, Jouke-Jan %A Huffman, Jennifer E %A Hwang, Shih-Jen %A Ingelsson, Erik %A James, Alan %A Jansen, Rick %A Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Joehanes, Roby %A Johansson, Åsa %A Johnson, Andrew D %A Joshi, Peter K %A Jousilahti, Pekka %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Jula, Antti %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A Keavney, Bernard D %A Khaw, Kay-Tee %A Knekt, Paul %A Knight, Joanne %A Kolcic, Ivana %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Koskinen, Seppo %A Kristiansson, Kati %A Kutalik, Zoltán %A Laan, Maris %A Larson, Marty %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lehne, Benjamin %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Liewald, David C M %A Lin, Li %A Lind, Lars %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Liu, Yongmei %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Lopez, Lorna M %A Lu, Yingchang %A Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Mamasoula, Chrysovalanto %A Marrugat, Jaume %A Marten, Jonathan %A Milaneschi, Yuri %A Morgan, Anna %A Morris, Andrew P %A Morrison, Alanna C %A Munson, Peter J %A Nalls, Mike A %A Nandakumar, Priyanka %A Nelson, Christopher P %A Niiranen, Teemu %A Nolte, Ilja M %A Nutile, Teresa %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Oostra, Ben A %A O'Reilly, Paul F %A Org, Elin %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Palmas, Walter %A Palotie, Aarno %A Pattie, Alison %A Penninx, Brenda W J H %A Perola, Markus %A Peters, Annette %A Polasek, Ozren %A Pramstaller, Peter P %A Nguyen, Quang Tri %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Ren, Meixia %A Rettig, Rainer %A Rice, Kenneth %A Ridker, Paul M %A Ried, Janina S %A Riese, Harriëtte %A Ripatti, Samuli %A Robino, Antonietta %A Rose, Lynda M %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Rudan, Igor %A Ruggiero, Daniela %A Saba, Yasaman %A Sala, Cinzia F %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Sarin, Antti-Pekka %A Schmidt, Reinhold %A Schmidt, Helena %A Shrine, Nick %A Siscovick, David %A Smith, Albert V %A Snieder, Harold %A Sõber, Siim %A Sorice, Rossella %A Starr, John M %A Stott, David J %A Strachan, David P %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Sundström, Johan %A Swertz, Morris A %A Taylor, Kent D %A Teumer, Alexander %A Tobin, Martin D %A Tomaszewski, Maciej %A Toniolo, Daniela %A Traglia, Michela %A Trompet, Stella %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Tzourio, Christophe %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Vaez, Ahmad %A van der Most, Peter J %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Vergnaud, Anne-Claire %A Verwoert, Germaine C %A Vitart, Veronique %A Völker, Uwe %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Vuckovic, Dragana %A Watkins, Hugh %A Wild, Sarah H %A Willemsen, Gonneke %A Wilson, James F %A Wright, Alan F %A Yao, Jie %A Zemunik, Tatijana %A Zhang, Weihua %A Attia, John R %A Butterworth, Adam S %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Conen, David %A Cucca, Francesco %A Danesh, John %A Hayward, Caroline %A Howson, Joanna M M %A Laakso, Markku %A Lakatta, Edward G %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Melander, Olle %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Risch, Lorenz %A Scott, Robert A %A Scott, Rodney J %A Sever, Peter %A Spector, Tim D %A van der Harst, Pim %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Levy, Daniel %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Newton-Cheh, Christopher %A Brown, Morris J %A Metspalu, Andres %A Hung, Adriana M %A O'Donnell, Christopher J %A Edwards, Todd L %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Tzoulaki, Ioanna %A Barnes, Michael R %A Wain, Louise V %A Elliott, Paul %A Caulfield, Mark J %X

High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.

%B Nat Genet %V 50 %P 1412-1425 %8 2018 Oct %G eng %N 10 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30224653?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/s41588-018-0205-x %0 Journal Article %J Am J Hum Genet %D 2018 %T Genome Analyses of >200,000 Individuals Identify 58 Loci for Chronic Inflammation and Highlight Pathways that Link Inflammation and Complex Disorders. %A Ligthart, Symen %A Vaez, Ahmad %A Võsa, Urmo %A Stathopoulou, Maria G %A de Vries, Paul S %A Prins, Bram P %A van der Most, Peter J %A Tanaka, Toshiko %A Naderi, Elnaz %A Rose, Lynda M %A Wu, Ying %A Karlsson, Robert %A Barbalic, Maja %A Lin, Honghuang %A Pool, René %A Zhu, Gu %A Macé, Aurélien %A Sidore, Carlo %A Trompet, Stella %A Mangino, Massimo %A Sabater-Lleal, Maria %A Kemp, John P %A Abbasi, Ali %A Kacprowski, Tim %A Verweij, Niek %A Smith, Albert V %A Huang, Tao %A Marzi, Carola %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Lohman, Kurt K %A Kleber, Marcus E %A Milaneschi, Yuri %A Mueller, Christian %A Huq, Mahmudul %A Vlachopoulou, Efthymia %A Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka %A Oldmeadow, Christopher %A Deelen, Joris %A Perola, Markus %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Feenstra, Bjarke %A Amini, Marzyeh %A Lahti, Jari %A Schraut, Katharina E %A Fornage, Myriam %A Suktitipat, Bhoom %A Chen, Wei-Min %A Li, Xiaohui %A Nutile, Teresa %A Malerba, Giovanni %A Luan, Jian'an %A Bak, Tom %A Schork, Nicholas %A del Greco M, Fabiola %A Thiering, Elisabeth %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Marioni, Riccardo E %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Eriksson, Joel %A Ozel, Ayse Bilge %A Zhang, Weihua %A Nethander, Maria %A Cheng, Yu-Ching %A Aslibekyan, Stella %A Ang, Wei %A Gandin, Ilaria %A Yengo, Loic %A Portas, Laura %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Hofer, Edith %A Rajan, Kumar B %A Schurmann, Claudia %A den Hollander, Wouter %A Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S %A Zhao, Jing %A Draisma, Harmen H M %A Ford, Ian %A Timpson, Nicholas %A Teumer, Alexander %A Huang, Hongyan %A Wahl, Simone %A Liu, Yongmei %A Huang, Jie %A Uh, Hae-Won %A Geller, Frank %A Joshi, Peter K %A Yanek, Lisa R %A Trabetti, Elisabetta %A Lehne, Benjamin %A Vozzi, Diego %A Verbanck, Marie %A Biino, Ginevra %A Saba, Yasaman %A Meulenbelt, Ingrid %A O'Connell, Jeff R %A Laakso, Markku %A Giulianini, Franco %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Ballantyne, Christie M %A Hottenga, Jouke Jan %A Montgomery, Grant W %A Rivadineira, Fernando %A Rueedi, Rico %A Steri, Maristella %A Herzig, Karl-Heinz %A Stott, David J %A Menni, Cristina %A Frånberg, Mattias %A St Pourcain, Beate %A Felix, Stephan B %A Pers, Tune H %A Bakker, Stephan J L %A Kraft, Peter %A Peters, Annette %A Vaidya, Dhananjay %A Delgado, Graciela %A Smit, Johannes H %A Großmann, Vera %A Sinisalo, Juha %A Seppälä, Ilkka %A Williams, Stephen R %A Holliday, Elizabeth G %A Moed, Matthijs %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Räikkönen, Katri %A Ding, Jingzhong %A Campbell, Harry %A Sale, Michele M %A Chen, Yii-Der I %A James, Alan L %A Ruggiero, Daniela %A Soranzo, Nicole %A Hartman, Catharina A %A Smith, Erin N %A Berenson, Gerald S %A Fuchsberger, Christian %A Hernandez, Dena %A Tiesler, Carla M T %A Giedraitis, Vilmantas %A Liewald, David %A Fischer, Krista %A Mellström, Dan %A Larsson, Anders %A Wang, Yunmei %A Scott, William R %A Lorentzon, Matthias %A Beilby, John %A Ryan, Kathleen A %A Pennell, Craig E %A Vuckovic, Dragana %A Balkau, Beverly %A Concas, Maria Pina %A Schmidt, Reinhold %A Mendes de Leon, Carlos F %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Kloppenburg, Margreet %A Paternoster, Lavinia %A Boehnke, Michael %A Musk, A W %A Willemsen, Gonneke %A Evans, David M %A Madden, Pamela A F %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kutalik, Zoltán %A Zoledziewska, Magdalena %A Karhunen, Ville %A Kritchevsky, Stephen B %A Sattar, Naveed %A LaChance, Genevieve %A Clarke, Robert %A Harris, Tamara B %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Attia, John R %A van Heemst, Diana %A Kajantie, Eero %A Sorice, Rossella %A Gambaro, Giovanni %A Scott, Robert A %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Ferrucci, Luigi %A Standl, Marie %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Starr, John M %A Karlsson, Magnus %A Lind, Lars %A Li, Jun Z %A Chambers, John C %A Mori, Trevor A %A de Geus, Eco J C N %A Heath, Andrew C %A Martin, Nicholas G %A Auvinen, Juha %A Buckley, Brendan M %A de Craen, Anton J M %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Meitinger, Thomas %A Scott, Rodney J %A McEvoy, Mark %A Beekman, Marian %A Bombieri, Cristina %A Ridker, Paul M %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Morrison, Alanna C %A Boomsma, Dorret I %A Whitfield, John B %A Strachan, David P %A Hofman, Albert %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Cucca, Francesco %A Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Spector, Tim D %A Hamsten, Anders %A Zeller, Tanja %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Nauck, Matthias %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Qi, Lu %A Grallert, Harald %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Rotter, Jerome I %A März, Winfried %A Wild, Philipp S %A Lokki, Marja-Liisa %A Boyle, Michael %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Melbye, Mads %A Eriksson, Johan G %A Wilson, James F %A Penninx, Brenda W J H %A Becker, Diane M %A Worrall, Bradford B %A Gibson, Greg %A Krauss, Ronald M %A Ciullo, Marina %A Zaza, Gianluigi %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Palmer, Lyle J %A Murray, Sarah S %A Pramstaller, Peter P %A Bandinelli, Stefania %A Heinrich, Joachim %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Deary, Ian J %A Mägi, Reedik %A Vandenput, Liesbeth %A van der Harst, Pim %A Desch, Karl C %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Ohlsson, Claes %A Hayward, Caroline %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Shuldiner, Alan R %A Arnett, Donna K %A Beilin, Lawrence J %A Robino, Antonietta %A Froguel, Philippe %A Pirastu, Mario %A Jess, Tine %A Koenig, Wolfgang %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Evans, Denis A %A Schmidt, Helena %A Smith, George Davey %A Slagboom, P Eline %A Eiriksdottir, Gudny %A Morris, Andrew P %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Tracy, Russell P %A Nolte, Ilja M %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Visvikis-Siest, Sophie %A Reiner, Alex P %A Gross, Myron %A Bis, Joshua C %A Franke, Lude %A Franco, Oscar H %A Benjamin, Emelia J %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Dupuis, Josée %A Snieder, Harold %A Dehghan, Abbas %A Alizadeh, Behrooz Z %X

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation remain largely unknown, and the causal role of CRP in several clinical outcomes is debated. We performed two genome-wide association studies (GWASs), on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputed data, of circulating amounts of CRP by using data from 88 studies comprising 204,402 European individuals. Additionally, we performed in silico functional analyses and Mendelian randomization analyses with several clinical outcomes. The GWAS meta-analyses of CRP revealed 58 distinct genetic loci (p < 5 × 10). After adjustment for body mass index in the regression analysis, the associations at all except three loci remained. The lead variants at the distinct loci explained up to 7.0% of the variance in circulating amounts of CRP. We identified 66 gene sets that were organized in two substantially correlated clusters, one mainly composed of immune pathways and the other characterized by metabolic pathways in the liver. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed a causal protective effect of CRP on schizophrenia and a risk-increasing effect on bipolar disorder. Our findings provide further insights into the biology of inflammation and could lead to interventions for treating inflammation and its clinical consequences.

%B Am J Hum Genet %V 103 %P 691-706 %8 2018 Nov 01 %G eng %N 5 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30388399?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.09.009 %0 Journal Article %J Am J Hum Genet %D 2018 %T A Large-Scale Multi-ancestry Genome-wide Study Accounting for Smoking Behavior Identifies Multiple Significant Loci for Blood Pressure. %A Sung, Yun J %A Winkler, Thomas W %A de Las Fuentes, Lisa %A Bentley, Amy R %A Brown, Michael R %A Kraja, Aldi T %A Schwander, Karen %A Ntalla, Ioanna %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Franceschini, Nora %A Lu, Yingchang %A Cheng, Ching-Yu %A Sim, Xueling %A Vojinovic, Dina %A Marten, Jonathan %A Musani, Solomon K %A Li, Changwei %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O %A Richard, Melissa A %A Noordam, Raymond %A Aslibekyan, Stella %A Aschard, Hugues %A Bartz, Traci M %A Dorajoo, Rajkumar %A Liu, Yongmei %A Manning, Alisa K %A Rankinen, Tuomo %A Smith, Albert Vernon %A Tajuddin, Salman M %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A Warren, Helen R %A Zhao, Wei %A Zhou, Yanhua %A Matoba, Nana %A Sofer, Tamar %A Alver, Maris %A Amini, Marzyeh %A Boissel, Mathilde %A Chai, Jin Fang %A Chen, Xu %A Divers, Jasmin %A Gandin, Ilaria %A Gao, Chuan %A Giulianini, Franco %A Goel, Anuj %A Harris, Sarah E %A Hartwig, Fernando Pires %A Horimoto, Andrea R V R %A Hsu, Fang-Chi %A Jackson, Anne U %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kasturiratne, Anuradhani %A Kuhnel, Brigitte %A Leander, Karin %A Lee, Wen-Jane %A Lin, Keng-Hung %A 'an Luan, Jian %A McKenzie, Colin A %A Meian, He %A Nelson, Christopher P %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Schupf, Nicole %A Scott, Robert A %A Sheu, Wayne H H %A Stančáková, Alena %A Takeuchi, Fumihiko %A van der Most, Peter J %A Varga, Tibor V %A Wang, Heming %A Wang, Yajuan %A Ware, Erin B %A Weiss, Stefan %A Wen, Wanqing %A Yanek, Lisa R %A Zhang, Weihua %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Afaq, Saima %A Alfred, Tamuno %A Amin, Najaf %A Arking, Dan %A Aung, Tin %A Barr, R Graham %A Bielak, Lawrence F %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Braund, Peter S %A Brody, Jennifer A %A Broeckel, Ulrich %A Cabrera, Claudia P %A Cade, Brian %A Caizheng, Yu %A Campbell, Archie %A Canouil, Mickaël %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chauhan, Ganesh %A Christensen, Kaare %A Cocca, Massimiliano %A Collins, Francis S %A Connell, John M %A de Mutsert, Renée %A de Silva, H Janaka %A Debette, Stéphanie %A Dörr, Marcus %A Duan, Qing %A Eaton, Charles B %A Ehret, Georg %A Evangelou, Evangelos %A Faul, Jessica D %A Fisher, Virginia A %A Forouhi, Nita G %A Franco, Oscar H %A Friedlander, Yechiel %A Gao, He %A Gigante, Bruna %A Graff, Misa %A Gu, C Charles %A Gu, Dongfeng %A Gupta, Preeti %A Hagenaars, Saskia P %A Harris, Tamara B %A He, Jiang %A Heikkinen, Sami %A Heng, Chew-Kiat %A Hirata, Makoto %A Hofman, Albert %A Howard, Barbara V %A Hunt, Steven %A Irvin, Marguerite R %A Jia, Yucheng %A Joehanes, Roby %A Justice, Anne E %A Katsuya, Tomohiro %A Kaufman, Joel %A Kerrison, Nicola D %A Khor, Chiea Chuen %A Koh, Woon-Puay %A Koistinen, Heikki A %A Komulainen, Pirjo %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Krieger, Jose E %A Kubo, Michiaki %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Langefeld, Carl D %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lehne, Benjamin %A Lewis, Cora E %A Li, Yize %A Lim, Sing Hui %A Lin, Shiow %A Liu, Ching-Ti %A Liu, Jianjun %A Liu, Jingmin %A Liu, Kiang %A Liu, Yeheng %A Loh, Marie %A Lohman, Kurt K %A Long, Jirong %A Louie, Tin %A Mägi, Reedik %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Meitinger, Thomas %A Metspalu, Andres %A Milani, Lili %A Momozawa, Yukihide %A Morris, Andrew P %A Mosley, Thomas H %A Munson, Peter %A Murray, Alison D %A Nalls, Mike A %A Nasri, Ubaydah %A Norris, Jill M %A North, Kari %A Ogunniyi, Adesola %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Palmas, Walter R %A Palmer, Nicholette D %A Pankow, James S %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Peters, Annette %A Peyser, Patricia A %A Polasek, Ozren %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Renstrom, Frida %A Rice, Treva K %A Ridker, Paul M %A Robino, Antonietta %A Robinson, Jennifer G %A Rose, Lynda M %A Rudan, Igor %A Sabanayagam, Charumathi %A Salako, Babatunde L %A Sandow, Kevin %A Schmidt, Carsten O %A Schreiner, Pamela J %A Scott, William R %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Sever, Peter %A Sitlani, Colleen M %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Snieder, Harold %A Starr, John M %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Tang, Hua %A Taylor, Kent D %A Teo, Yik Ying %A Tham, Yih Chung %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Wang, Lihua %A Wang, Ya X %A Wei, Wen Bin %A Williams, Christine %A Wilson, Gregory %A Wojczynski, Mary K %A Yao, Jie %A Yuan, Jian-Min %A Zonderman, Alan B %A Becker, Diane M %A Boehnke, Michael %A Bowden, Donald W %A Chambers, John C %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A de Faire, Ulf %A Deary, Ian J %A Esko, Tõnu %A Farrall, Martin %A Forrester, Terrence %A Franks, Paul W %A Freedman, Barry I %A Froguel, Philippe %A Gasparini, Paolo %A Gieger, Christian %A Horta, Bernardo Lessa %A Hung, Yi-Jen %A Jonas, Jost B %A Kato, Norihiro %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Laakso, Markku %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Liang, Kae-Woei %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Newman, Anne B %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Pereira, Alexandre C %A Redline, Susan %A Rettig, Rainer %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Scott, James %A Shu, Xiao-Ou %A van der Harst, Pim %A Wagenknecht, Lynne E %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Watkins, Hugh %A Weir, David R %A Wickremasinghe, Ananda R %A Wu, Tangchun %A Zheng, Wei %A Kamatani, Yoichiro %A Laurie, Cathy C %A Bouchard, Claude %A Cooper, Richard S %A Evans, Michele K %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A Kritchevsky, Stephen B %A Levy, Daniel %A O'Connell, Jeff R %A Psaty, Bruce M %A van Dam, Rob M %A Sims, Mario %A Arnett, Donna K %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Kelly, Tanika N %A Fox, Ervin R %A Hayward, Caroline %A Fornage, Myriam %A Rotimi, Charles N %A Province, Michael A %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Tai, E Shyong %A Wong, Tien Yin %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Reiner, Alex P %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Zhu, Xiaofeng %A Bierut, Laura J %A Gauderman, W James %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Elliott, Paul %A Rice, Kenneth %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Morrison, Alanna C %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Rao, Dabeeru C %A Chasman, Daniel I %K Blood Pressure %K Cohort Studies %K Continental Population Groups %K Diastole %K Epistasis, Genetic %K Female %K Genetic Loci %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Male %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Quantitative Trait Loci %K Reproducibility of Results %K Smoking %K Systole %X

Genome-wide association analysis advanced understanding of blood pressure (BP), a major risk factor for vascular conditions such as coronary heart disease and stroke. Accounting for smoking behavior may help identify BP loci and extend our knowledge of its genetic architecture. We performed genome-wide association meta-analyses of systolic and diastolic BP incorporating gene-smoking interactions in 610,091 individuals. Stage 1 analysis examined ∼18.8 million SNPs and small insertion/deletion variants in 129,913 individuals from four ancestries (European, African, Asian, and Hispanic) with follow-up analysis of promising variants in 480,178 additional individuals from five ancestries. We identified 15 loci that were genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10) in stage 1 and formally replicated in stage 2. A combined stage 1 and 2 meta-analysis identified 66 additional genome-wide significant loci (13, 35, and 18 loci in European, African, and trans-ancestry, respectively). A total of 56 known BP loci were also identified by our results (p < 5 × 10). Of the newly identified loci, ten showed significant interaction with smoking status, but none of them were replicated in stage 2. Several loci were identified in African ancestry, highlighting the importance of genetic studies in diverse populations. The identified loci show strong evidence for regulatory features and support shared pathophysiology with cardiometabolic and addiction traits. They also highlight a role in BP regulation for biological candidates such as modulators of vascular structure and function (CDKN1B, BCAR1-CFDP1, PXDN, EEA1), ciliopathies (SDCCAG8, RPGRIP1L), telomere maintenance (TNKS, PINX1, AKTIP), and central dopaminergic signaling (MSRA, EBF2).

%B Am J Hum Genet %V 102 %P 375-400 %8 2018 03 01 %G eng %N 3 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29455858?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.01.015 %0 Journal Article %J PLoS One %D 2018 %T Novel genetic associations for blood pressure identified via gene-alcohol interaction in up to 570K individuals across multiple ancestries. %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Kraja, Aldi T %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Sung, Yun J %A Winkler, Thomas W %A Ntalla, Ioanna %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Franceschini, Nora %A Cheng, Ching-Yu %A Sim, Xueling %A Vojinovic, Dina %A Marten, Jonathan %A Musani, Solomon K %A Li, Changwei %A Bentley, Amy R %A Brown, Michael R %A Schwander, Karen %A Richard, Melissa A %A Noordam, Raymond %A Aschard, Hugues %A Bartz, Traci M %A Bielak, Lawrence F %A Dorajoo, Rajkumar %A Fisher, Virginia %A Hartwig, Fernando P %A Horimoto, Andrea R V R %A Lohman, Kurt K %A Manning, Alisa K %A Rankinen, Tuomo %A Smith, Albert V %A Tajuddin, Salman M %A Wojczynski, Mary K %A Alver, Maris %A Boissel, Mathilde %A Cai, Qiuyin %A Campbell, Archie %A Chai, Jin Fang %A Chen, Xu %A Divers, Jasmin %A Gao, Chuan %A Goel, Anuj %A Hagemeijer, Yanick %A Harris, Sarah E %A He, Meian %A Hsu, Fang-Chi %A Jackson, Anne U %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kasturiratne, Anuradhani %A Komulainen, Pirjo %A Kuhnel, Brigitte %A Laguzzi, Federica %A Luan, Jian'an %A Matoba, Nana %A Nolte, Ilja M %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Riaz, Muhammad %A Rueedi, Rico %A Robino, Antonietta %A Said, M Abdullah %A Scott, Robert A %A Sofer, Tamar %A Stančáková, Alena %A Takeuchi, Fumihiko %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A van der Most, Peter J %A Varga, Tibor V %A Vitart, Veronique %A Wang, Yajuan %A Ware, Erin B %A Warren, Helen R %A Weiss, Stefan %A Wen, Wanqing %A Yanek, Lisa R %A Zhang, Weihua %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Afaq, Saima %A Amin, Najaf %A Amini, Marzyeh %A Arking, Dan E %A Aung, Tin %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Borecki, Ingrid %A Broeckel, Ulrich %A Brown, Morris %A Brumat, Marco %A Burke, Gregory L %A Canouil, Mickaël %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Charumathi, Sabanayagam %A Ida Chen, Yii-Der %A Connell, John M %A Correa, Adolfo %A de Las Fuentes, Lisa %A de Mutsert, Renée %A de Silva, H Janaka %A Deng, Xuan %A Ding, Jingzhong %A Duan, Qing %A Eaton, Charles B %A Ehret, Georg %A Eppinga, Ruben N %A Evangelou, Evangelos %A Faul, Jessica D %A Felix, Stephan B %A Forouhi, Nita G %A Forrester, Terrence %A Franco, Oscar H %A Friedlander, Yechiel %A Gandin, Ilaria %A Gao, He %A Ghanbari, Mohsen %A Gigante, Bruna %A Gu, C Charles %A Gu, Dongfeng %A Hagenaars, Saskia P %A Hallmans, Goran %A Harris, Tamara B %A He, Jiang %A Heikkinen, Sami %A Heng, Chew-Kiat %A Hirata, Makoto %A Howard, Barbara V %A Ikram, M Arfan %A John, Ulrich %A Katsuya, Tomohiro %A Khor, Chiea Chuen %A Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O %A Koh, Woon-Puay %A Krieger, Jose E %A Kritchevsky, Stephen B %A Kubo, Michiaki %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Lakka, Timo A %A Langefeld, Carl D %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lehne, Benjamin %A Lewis, Cora E %A Li, Yize %A Lin, Shiow %A Liu, Jianjun %A Liu, Jingmin %A Loh, Marie %A Louie, Tin %A Mägi, Reedik %A McKenzie, Colin A %A Meitinger, Thomas %A Metspalu, Andres %A Milaneschi, Yuri %A Milani, Lili %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Momozawa, Yukihide %A Nalls, Mike A %A Nelson, Christopher P %A Sotoodehnia, Nona %A Norris, Jill M %A O'Connell, Jeff R %A Palmer, Nicholette D %A Perls, Thomas %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Peters, Annette %A Peyser, Patricia A %A Poulter, Neil %A Raffel, Leslie J %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Roll, Kathryn %A Rose, Lynda M %A Rosendaal, Frits R %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Schmidt, Carsten O %A Schreiner, Pamela J %A Schupf, Nicole %A Scott, William R %A Sever, Peter S %A Shi, Yuan %A Sidney, Stephen %A Sims, Mario %A Sitlani, Colleen M %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Snieder, Harold %A Starr, John M %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Stringham, Heather M %A Tan, Nicholas Y Q %A Tang, Hua %A Taylor, Kent D %A Teo, Yik Ying %A Tham, Yih Chung %A Turner, Stephen T %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Wang, Lihua %A Wang, Ya Xing %A Wei, Wen Bin %A Williams, Christine %A Yao, Jie %A Yu, Caizheng %A Yuan, Jian-Min %A Zhao, Wei %A Zonderman, Alan B %A Becker, Diane M %A Boehnke, Michael %A Bowden, Donald W %A Chambers, John C %A Deary, Ian J %A Esko, Tõnu %A Farrall, Martin %A Franks, Paul W %A Freedman, Barry I %A Froguel, Philippe %A Gasparini, Paolo %A Gieger, Christian %A Jonas, Jost Bruno %A Kamatani, Yoichiro %A Kato, Norihiro %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Kutalik, Zoltán %A Laakso, Markku %A Laurie, Cathy C %A Leander, Karin %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Study, Lifelines Cohort %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Penninx, Brenda W J H %A Polasek, Ozren %A Porteous, David J %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Scott, James %A Shu, Xiao-Ou %A van der Harst, Pim %A Wagenknecht, Lynne E %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Watkins, Hugh %A Weir, David R %A Wickremasinghe, Ananda R %A Wu, Tangchun %A Zheng, Wei %A Bouchard, Claude %A Christensen, Kaare %A Evans, Michele K %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Horta, Bernardo L %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A Liu, Yongmei %A Pereira, Alexandre C %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Ridker, Paul M %A van Dam, Rob M %A Gauderman, W James %A Zhu, Xiaofeng %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Fornage, Myriam %A Rotimi, Charles N %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Kelly, Tanika N %A Fox, Ervin R %A Hayward, Caroline %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Tai, E Shyong %A Wong, Tien Yin %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Palmas, Walter %A Rice, Kenneth %A Morrison, Alanna C %A Elliott, Paul %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Rao, Dabeeru C %A Province, Michael A %A Levy, Daniel %K Adolescent %K Adult %K Aged %K Aged, 80 and over %K Alcohol Drinking %K Blood Pressure %K Cohort Studies %K Continental Population Groups %K Female %K Gene-Environment Interaction %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Hypertension %K Male %K Middle Aged %K Pedigree %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Young Adult %X

Heavy alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for hypertension; the mechanism by which alcohol consumption impact blood pressure (BP) regulation remains unknown. We hypothesized that a genome-wide association study accounting for gene-alcohol consumption interaction for BP might identify additional BP loci and contribute to the understanding of alcohol-related BP regulation. We conducted a large two-stage investigation incorporating joint testing of main genetic effects and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-alcohol consumption interactions. In Stage 1, genome-wide discovery meta-analyses in ≈131K individuals across several ancestry groups yielded 3,514 SNVs (245 loci) with suggestive evidence of association (P < 1.0 x 10-5). In Stage 2, these SNVs were tested for independent external replication in ≈440K individuals across multiple ancestries. We identified and replicated (at Bonferroni correction threshold) five novel BP loci (380 SNVs in 21 genes) and 49 previously reported BP loci (2,159 SNVs in 109 genes) in European ancestry, and in multi-ancestry meta-analyses (P < 5.0 x 10-8). For African ancestry samples, we detected 18 potentially novel BP loci (P < 5.0 x 10-8) in Stage 1 that warrant further replication. Additionally, correlated meta-analysis identified eight novel BP loci (11 genes). Several genes in these loci (e.g., PINX1, GATA4, BLK, FTO and GABBR2) have been previously reported to be associated with alcohol consumption. These findings provide insights into the role of alcohol consumption in the genetic architecture of hypertension.

%B PLoS One %V 13 %P e0198166 %8 2018 %G eng %N 6 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29912962?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1371/journal.pone.0198166 %0 Journal Article %J J Am Soc Nephrol %D 2017 %T and Loci Identified through Large-Scale Exome Chip Analysis Regulate Kidney Development and Function. %A Li, Man %A Li, Yong %A Weeks, Olivia %A Mijatovic, Vladan %A Teumer, Alexander %A Huffman, Jennifer E %A Tromp, Gerard %A Fuchsberger, Christian %A Gorski, Mathias %A Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka %A Nutile, Teresa %A Sedaghat, Sanaz %A Sorice, Rossella %A Tin, Adrienne %A Yang, Qiong %A Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S %A Arking, Dan E %A Bihlmeyer, Nathan A %A Böger, Carsten A %A Carroll, Robert J %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Cornelis, Marilyn C %A Dehghan, Abbas %A Faul, Jessica D %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Gambaro, Giovanni %A Gasparini, Paolo %A Giulianini, Franco %A Heid, Iris %A Huang, Jinyan %A Imboden, Medea %A Jackson, Anne U %A Jeff, Janina %A Jhun, Min A %A Katz, Ronit %A Kifley, Annette %A Kilpeläinen, Tuomas O %A Kumar, Ashish %A Laakso, Markku %A Li-Gao, Ruifang %A Lohman, Kurt %A Lu, Yingchang %A Mägi, Reedik %A Malerba, Giovanni %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Robino, Antonietta %A Ruderfer, Douglas %A Salvi, Erika %A Schick, Ursula M %A Schulz, Christina-Alexandra %A Smith, Albert V %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Traglia, Michela %A Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M %A Zhao, Wei %A Goodarzi, Mark O %A Kraja, Aldi T %A Liu, Chunyu %A Wessel, Jennifer %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Bork-Jensen, Jette %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Braga, Daniele %A Brandslund, Ivan %A Brody, Jennifer A %A Campbell, Archie %A Carey, David J %A Christensen, Cramer %A Coresh, Josef %A Crook, Errol %A Curhan, Gary C %A Cusi, Daniele %A de Boer, Ian H %A de Vries, Aiko P J %A Denny, Joshua C %A Devuyst, Olivier %A Dreisbach, Albert W %A Endlich, Karlhans %A Esko, Tõnu %A Franco, Oscar H %A Fulop, Tibor %A Gerhard, Glenn S %A Glümer, Charlotte %A Gottesman, Omri %A Grarup, Niels %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Hansen, Torben %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hayward, Caroline %A Hocking, Lynne %A Hofman, Albert %A Hu, Frank B %A Husemoen, Lise Lotte N %A Jackson, Rebecca D %A Jørgensen, Torben %A Jørgensen, Marit E %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A König, Wolfgang %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Kriebel, Jennifer %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lauritzen, Torsten %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Levy, Daniel %A Linksted, Pamela %A Linneberg, Allan %A Liu, Yongmei %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Lupo, Antonio %A Meisinger, Christine %A Melander, Olle %A Metspalu, Andres %A Mitchell, Paul %A Nauck, Matthias %A Nürnberg, Peter %A Orho-Melander, Marju %A Parsa, Afshin %A Pedersen, Oluf %A Peters, Annette %A Peters, Ulrike %A Polasek, Ozren %A Porteous, David %A Probst-Hensch, Nicole M %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Qi, Lu %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Reiner, Alex P %A Rettig, Rainer %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rivadeneira, Fernando %A Rossouw, Jacques E %A Schmidt, Frank %A Siscovick, David %A Soranzo, Nicole %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Toniolo, Daniela %A Turner, Stephen T %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Ulivi, Sheila %A Velayutham, Dinesh %A Völker, Uwe %A Völzke, Henry %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Wang, Jie Jin %A Weir, David R %A Witte, Daniel %A Kuivaniemi, Helena %A Fox, Caroline S %A Franceschini, Nora %A Goessling, Wolfram %A Köttgen, Anna %A Chu, Audrey Y %K Animals %K Exome %K Genetic Loci %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Glomerular Filtration Rate %K Humans %K Kidney %K Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases %K Proto-Oncogene Proteins %K Son of Sevenless Proteins %K Zebrafish %X

Genome-wide association studies have identified >50 common variants associated with kidney function, but these variants do not fully explain the variation in eGFR. We performed a two-stage meta-analysis of associations between genotypes from the Illumina exome array and eGFR on the basis of serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) among participants of European ancestry from the CKDGen Consortium (: 111,666; : 48,343). In single-variant analyses, we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms at seven new loci associated with eGFRcrea (, , and ; <3.7×10), of which most were common and annotated as nonsynonymous variants. Gene-based analysis identified associations of functional rare variants in three genes with eGFRcrea, including a novel association with the SOS Ras/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 gene, (=5.4×10 by sequence kernel association test). Experimental follow-up in zebrafish embryos revealed changes in glomerular gene expression and renal tubule morphology in the embryonic kidney of and -knockdowns. These developmental abnormalities associated with altered blood clearance rate and heightened prevalence of edema. This study expands the number of loci associated with kidney function and identifies novel genes with potential roles in kidney formation.

%B J Am Soc Nephrol %V 28 %P 981-994 %8 2017 Mar %G eng %N 3 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27920155?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1681/ASN.2016020131 %0 Journal Article %J Nature %D 2017 %T Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height. %A Marouli, Eirini %A Graff, Mariaelisa %A Medina-Gomez, Carolina %A Lo, Ken Sin %A Wood, Andrew R %A Kjaer, Troels R %A Fine, Rebecca S %A Lu, Yingchang %A Schurmann, Claudia %A Highland, Heather M %A Rüeger, Sina %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Justice, Anne E %A Lamparter, David %A Stirrups, Kathleen E %A Turcot, Valérie %A Young, Kristin L %A Winkler, Thomas W %A Esko, Tõnu %A Karaderi, Tugce %A Locke, Adam E %A Masca, Nicholas G D %A Ng, Maggie C Y %A Mudgal, Poorva %A Rivas, Manuel A %A Vedantam, Sailaja %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Abecasis, Goncalo %A Aben, Katja K %A Adair, Linda S %A Alam, Dewan S %A Albrecht, Eva %A Allin, Kristine H %A Allison, Matthew %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Appel, Emil V %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Asselbergs, Folkert W %A Auer, Paul L %A Balkau, Beverley %A Banas, Bernhard %A Bang, Lia E %A Benn, Marianne %A Bergmann, Sven %A Bielak, Lawrence F %A Blüher, Matthias %A Boeing, Heiner %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Böger, Carsten A %A Bonnycastle, Lori L %A Bork-Jensen, Jette %A Bots, Michiel L %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Bowden, Donald W %A Brandslund, Ivan %A Breen, Gerome %A Brilliant, Murray H %A Broer, Linda %A Burt, Amber A %A Butterworth, Adam S %A Carey, David J %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Chambers, John C %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A Chowdhury, Rajiv %A Christensen, Cramer %A Chu, Audrey Y %A Cocca, Massimiliano %A Collins, Francis S %A Cook, James P %A Corley, Janie %A Galbany, Jordi Corominas %A Cox, Amanda J %A Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel %A Danesh, John %A Davies, Gail %A de Bakker, Paul I W %A de Borst, Gert J %A de Denus, Simon %A de Groot, Mark C H %A de Mutsert, Renée %A Deary, Ian J %A Dedoussis, George %A Demerath, Ellen W %A den Hollander, Anneke I %A Dennis, Joe G %A Di Angelantonio, Emanuele %A Drenos, Fotios %A Du, Mengmeng %A Dunning, Alison M %A Easton, Douglas F %A Ebeling, Tapani %A Edwards, Todd L %A Ellinor, Patrick T %A Elliott, Paul %A Evangelou, Evangelos %A Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni %A Faul, Jessica D %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Feng, Shuang %A Ferrannini, Ele %A Ferrario, Marco M %A Ferrières, Jean %A Florez, Jose C %A Ford, Ian %A Fornage, Myriam %A Franks, Paul W %A Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth %A Galesloot, Tessel E %A Gan, Wei %A Gandin, Ilaria %A Gasparini, Paolo %A Giedraitis, Vilmantas %A Giri, Ayush %A Girotto, Giorgia %A Gordon, Scott D %A Gordon-Larsen, Penny %A Gorski, Mathias %A Grarup, Niels %A Grove, Megan L %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Gustafsson, Stefan %A Hansen, Torben %A Harris, Kathleen Mullan %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hattersley, Andrew T %A Hayward, Caroline %A He, Liang %A Heid, Iris M %A Heikkilä, Kauko %A Helgeland, Øyvind %A Hernesniemi, Jussi %A Hewitt, Alex W %A Hocking, Lynne J %A Hollensted, Mette %A Holmen, Oddgeir L %A Hovingh, G Kees %A Howson, Joanna M M %A Hoyng, Carel B %A Huang, Paul L %A Hveem, Kristian %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Jackson, Anne U %A Jansson, Jan-Håkan %A Jarvik, Gail P %A Jensen, Gorm B %A Jhun, Min A %A Jia, Yucheng %A Jiang, Xuejuan %A Johansson, Stefan %A Jørgensen, Marit E %A Jørgensen, Torben %A Jousilahti, Pekka %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Kahali, Bratati %A Kahn, René S %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kamstrup, Pia R %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Karaleftheri, Maria %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A Karpe, Fredrik %A Kee, Frank %A Keeman, Renske %A Kiemeney, Lambertus A %A Kitajima, Hidetoshi %A Kluivers, Kirsten B %A Kocher, Thomas %A Komulainen, Pirjo %A Kontto, Jukka %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Kovacs, Peter %A Kriebel, Jennifer %A Kuivaniemi, Helena %A Küry, Sébastien %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A La Bianca, Martina %A Laakso, Markku %A Lakka, Timo A %A Lange, Ethan M %A Lange, Leslie A %A Langefeld, Carl D %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Larson, Eric B %A Lee, I-Te %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Lewis, Cora E %A Li, Huaixing %A Li, Jin %A Li-Gao, Ruifang %A Lin, Honghuang %A Lin, Li-An %A Lin, Xu %A Lind, Lars %A Lindström, Jaana %A Linneberg, Allan %A Liu, Yeheng %A Liu, Yongmei %A Lophatananon, Artitaya %A Luan, Jian'an %A Lubitz, Steven A %A Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka %A Mackey, David A %A Madden, Pamela A F %A Manning, Alisa K %A Männistö, Satu %A Marenne, Gaëlle %A Marten, Jonathan %A Martin, Nicholas G %A Mazul, Angela L %A Meidtner, Karina %A Metspalu, Andres %A Mitchell, Paul %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Morgan, Anna %A Morris, Andrew D %A Morris, Andrew P %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Nalls, Mike A %A Nauck, Matthias %A Nelson, Christopher P %A Neville, Matt %A Nielsen, Sune F %A Nikus, Kjell %A Njølstad, Pål R %A Nordestgaard, Børge G %A Ntalla, Ioanna %A O'Connel, Jeffrey R %A Oksa, Heikki %A Loohuis, Loes M Olde %A Ophoff, Roel A %A Owen, Katharine R %A Packard, Chris J %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Pasterkamp, Gerard %A Patel, Aniruddh P %A Pattie, Alison %A Pedersen, Oluf %A Peissig, Peggy L %A Peloso, Gina M %A Pennell, Craig E %A Perola, Markus %A Perry, James A %A Perry, John R B %A Person, Thomas N %A Pirie, Ailith %A Polasek, Ozren %A Posthuma, Danielle %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Rasheed, Asif %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Reilly, Dermot F %A Reiner, Alex P %A Renstrom, Frida %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rioux, John D %A Robertson, Neil %A Robino, Antonietta %A Rolandsson, Olov %A Rudan, Igor %A Ruth, Katherine S %A Saleheen, Danish %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Sandow, Kevin %A Sapkota, Yadav %A Sattar, Naveed %A Schmidt, Marjanka K %A Schreiner, Pamela J %A Schulze, Matthias B %A Scott, Robert A %A Segura-Lepe, Marcelo P %A Shah, Svati %A Sim, Xueling %A Sivapalaratnam, Suthesh %A Small, Kerrin S %A Smith, Albert Vernon %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Southam, Lorraine %A Spector, Timothy D %A Speliotes, Elizabeth K %A Starr, John M %A Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur %A Stringham, Heather M %A Stumvoll, Michael %A Surendran, Praveen %A 't Hart, Leen M %A Tansey, Katherine E %A Tardif, Jean-Claude %A Taylor, Kent D %A Teumer, Alexander %A Thompson, Deborah J %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Thuesen, Betina H %A Tönjes, Anke %A Tromp, Gerard %A Trompet, Stella %A Tsafantakis, Emmanouil %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Tybjaerg-Hansen, Anne %A Tyrer, Jonathan P %A Uher, Rudolf %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Ulivi, Sheila %A van der Laan, Sander W %A Van Der Leij, Andries R %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A van Schoor, Natasja M %A van Setten, Jessica %A Varbo, Anette %A Varga, Tibor V %A Varma, Rohit %A Edwards, Digna R Velez %A Vermeulen, Sita H %A Vestergaard, Henrik %A Vitart, Veronique %A Vogt, Thomas F %A Vozzi, Diego %A Walker, Mark %A Wang, Feijie %A Wang, Carol A %A Wang, Shuai %A Wang, Yiqin %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Warren, Helen R %A Wessel, Jennifer %A Willems, Sara M %A Wilson, James G %A Witte, Daniel R %A Woods, Michael O %A Wu, Ying %A Yaghootkar, Hanieh %A Yao, Jie %A Yao, Pang %A Yerges-Armstrong, Laura M %A Young, Robin %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Zhan, Xiaowei %A Zhang, Weihua %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Zhao, Wei %A Zhao, Wei %A Zheng, He %A Zhou, Wei %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Boehnke, Michael %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Willer, Cristen J %A Stefansson, Kari %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Liu, Dajiang J %A North, Kari E %A Heard-Costa, Nancy L %A Pers, Tune H %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Oxvig, Claus %A Kutalik, Zoltán %A Rivadeneira, Fernando %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Frayling, Timothy M %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Deloukas, Panos %A Lettre, Guillaume %K ADAMTS Proteins %K Adult %K Alleles %K Body Height %K Cell Adhesion Molecules %K Female %K Gene Frequency %K Genetic Variation %K Genome, Human %K Glycoproteins %K Glycosaminoglycans %K Hedgehog Proteins %K Humans %K Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins %K Interferon Regulatory Factors %K Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit %K Male %K Multifactorial Inheritance %K NADPH Oxidase 4 %K NADPH Oxidases %K Phenotype %K Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A %K Procollagen N-Endopeptidase %K Proteoglycans %K Proteolysis %K Receptors, Androgen %K Somatomedins %X

Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.

%B Nature %V 542 %P 186-190 %8 2017 02 09 %G eng %N 7640 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146470?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/nature21039 %0 Journal Article %J Nature %D 2015 %T Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations. %A Joshi, Peter K %A Esko, Tõnu %A Mattsson, Hannele %A Eklund, Niina %A Gandin, Ilaria %A Nutile, Teresa %A Jackson, Anne U %A Schurmann, Claudia %A Smith, Albert V %A Zhang, Weihua %A Okada, Yukinori %A Stančáková, Alena %A Faul, Jessica D %A Zhao, Wei %A Bartz, Traci M %A Concas, Maria Pina %A Franceschini, Nora %A Enroth, Stefan %A Vitart, Veronique %A Trompet, Stella %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Chasman, Daniel I %A O'Connel, Jeffrey R %A Corre, Tanguy %A Nongmaithem, Suraj S %A Chen, Yuning %A Mangino, Massimo %A Ruggiero, Daniela %A Traglia, Michela %A Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni %A Kacprowski, Tim %A Bjonnes, Andrew %A van der Spek, Ashley %A Wu, Ying %A Giri, Anil K %A Yanek, Lisa R %A Wang, Lihua %A Hofer, Edith %A Rietveld, Cornelius A %A McLeod, Olga %A Cornelis, Marilyn C %A Pattaro, Cristian %A Verweij, Niek %A Baumbach, Clemens %A Abdellaoui, Abdel %A Warren, Helen R %A Vuckovic, Dragana %A Mei, Hao %A Bouchard, Claude %A Perry, John R B %A Cappellani, Stefania %A Mirza, Saira S %A Benton, Miles C %A Broeckel, Ulrich %A Medland, Sarah E %A Lind, Penelope A %A Malerba, Giovanni %A Drong, Alexander %A Yengo, Loic %A Bielak, Lawrence F %A Zhi, Degui %A van der Most, Peter J %A Shriner, Daniel %A Mägi, Reedik %A Hemani, Gibran %A Karaderi, Tugce %A Wang, Zhaoming %A Liu, Tian %A Demuth, Ilja %A Zhao, Jing Hua %A Meng, Weihua %A Lataniotis, Lazaros %A van der Laan, Sander W %A Bradfield, Jonathan P %A Wood, Andrew R %A Bonnefond, Amelie %A Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S %A Hall, Leanne M %A Salvi, Erika %A Yazar, Seyhan %A Carstensen, Lisbeth %A de Haan, Hugoline G %A Abney, Mark %A Afzal, Uzma %A Allison, Matthew A %A Amin, Najaf %A Asselbergs, Folkert W %A Bakker, Stephan J L %A Barr, R Graham %A Baumeister, Sebastian E %A Benjamin, Daniel J %A Bergmann, Sven %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Campbell, Archie %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chan, Yingleong %A Chanock, Stephen J %A Chen, Constance %A Chen, Y-D Ida %A Collins, Francis S %A Connell, John %A Correa, Adolfo %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Smith, George Davey %A Davies, Gail %A Dörr, Marcus %A Ehret, Georg %A Ellis, Stephen B %A Feenstra, Bjarke %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Ford, Ian %A Fox, Caroline S %A Frayling, Timothy M %A Friedrich, Nele %A Geller, Frank %A Scotland, Generation %A Gillham-Nasenya, Irina %A Gottesman, Omri %A Graff, Misa %A Grodstein, Francine %A Gu, Charles %A Haley, Chris %A Hammond, Christopher J %A Harris, Sarah E %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hastie, Nicholas D %A Heard-Costa, Nancy L %A Heikkilä, Kauko %A Hocking, Lynne J %A Homuth, Georg %A Hottenga, Jouke-Jan %A Huang, Jinyan %A Huffman, Jennifer E %A Hysi, Pirro G %A Ikram, M Arfan %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Joensuu, Anni %A Johansson, Åsa %A Jousilahti, Pekka %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Kähönen, Mika %A Kamatani, Yoichiro %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Kerr, Shona M %A Khan, Nazir M %A Koellinger, Philipp %A Koistinen, Heikki A %A Kooner, Manraj K %A Kubo, Michiaki %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Lahti, Jari %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lea, Rodney A %A Lehne, Benjamin %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Liewald, David C M %A Lind, Lars %A Loh, Marie %A Lokki, Marja-Liisa %A London, Stephanie J %A Loomis, Stephanie J %A Loukola, Anu %A Lu, Yingchang %A Lumley, Thomas %A Lundqvist, Annamari %A Männistö, Satu %A Marques-Vidal, Pedro %A Masciullo, Corrado %A Matchan, Angela %A Mathias, Rasika A %A Matsuda, Koichi %A Meigs, James B %A Meisinger, Christa %A Meitinger, Thomas %A Menni, Cristina %A Mentch, Frank D %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Milani, Lili %A Montasser, May E %A Montgomery, Grant W %A Morrison, Alanna %A Myers, Richard H %A Nadukuru, Rajiv %A Navarro, Pau %A Nelis, Mari %A Nieminen, Markku S %A Nolte, Ilja M %A O'Connor, George T %A Ogunniyi, Adesola %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Palmas, Walter R %A Pankow, James S %A Patarcic, Inga %A Pavani, Francesca %A Peyser, Patricia A %A Pietilainen, Kirsi %A Poulter, Neil %A Prokopenko, Inga %A Ralhan, Sarju %A Redmond, Paul %A Rich, Stephen S %A Rissanen, Harri %A Robino, Antonietta %A Rose, Lynda M %A Rose, Richard %A Sala, Cinzia %A Salako, Babatunde %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Sarin, Antti-Pekka %A Saxena, Richa %A Schmidt, Helena %A Scott, Laura J %A Scott, William R %A Sennblad, Bengt %A Seshadri, Sudha %A Sever, Peter %A Shrestha, Smeeta %A Smith, Blair H %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Soranzo, Nicole %A Sotoodehnia, Nona %A Southam, Lorraine %A Stanton, Alice V %A Stathopoulou, Maria G %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Suderman, Matthew J %A Tandon, Nikhil %A Tang, Sian-Tsun %A Taylor, Kent D %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A Töglhofer, Anna Maria %A Tomaszewski, Maciej %A Tšernikova, Natalia %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Vaidya, Dhananjay %A van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid %A van Setten, Jessica %A Vasankari, Tuula %A Vedantam, Sailaja %A Vlachopoulou, Efthymia %A Vozzi, Diego %A Vuoksimaa, Eero %A Waldenberger, Melanie %A Ware, Erin B %A Wentworth-Shields, William %A Whitfield, John B %A Wild, Sarah %A Willemsen, Gonneke %A Yajnik, Chittaranjan S %A Yao, Jie %A Zaza, Gianluigi %A Zhu, Xiaofeng %A Salem, Rany M %A Melbye, Mads %A Bisgaard, Hans %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Cusi, Daniele %A Mackey, David A %A Cooper, Richard S %A Froguel, Philippe %A Pasterkamp, Gerard %A Grant, Struan F A %A Hakonarson, Hakon %A Ferrucci, Luigi %A Scott, Robert A %A Morris, Andrew D %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Dedoussis, George %A Deloukas, Panos %A Bertram, Lars %A Lindenberger, Ulman %A Berndt, Sonja I %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Timpson, Nicholas J %A Tönjes, Anke %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Sørensen, Thorkild I A %A Rotimi, Charles N %A Arnett, Donna K %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A Balkau, Beverley %A Gambaro, Giovanni %A Morris, Andrew P %A Eriksson, Johan G %A Wright, Margie J %A Martin, Nicholas G %A Hunt, Steven C %A Starr, John M %A Deary, Ian J %A Griffiths, Lyn R %A Tiemeier, Henning %A Pirastu, Nicola %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Pérusse, Louis %A Wilson, James G %A Girotto, Giorgia %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Raitakari, Olli %A Boomsma, Dorret I %A Gieger, Christian %A van der Harst, Pim %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Kraft, Peter %A Sinisalo, Juha %A Knekt, Paul %A Johannesson, Magnus %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Hamsten, Anders %A Schmidt, Reinhold %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Vartiainen, Erkki %A Becker, Diane M %A Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Boehnke, Michael %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Sanghera, Dharambir K %A Teumer, Alexander %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Metspalu, Andres %A Gasparini, Paolo %A Ulivi, Sheila %A Ober, Carole %A Toniolo, Daniela %A Rudan, Igor %A Porteous, David J %A Ciullo, Marina %A Spector, Tim D %A Hayward, Caroline %A Dupuis, Josée %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Wright, Alan F %A Chandak, Giriraj R %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Shuldiner, Alan R %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Sattar, Naveed %A Gyllensten, Ulf %A North, Kari E %A Pirastu, Mario %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Weir, David R %A Laakso, Markku %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Takahashi, Atsushi %A Chambers, John C %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Strachan, David P %A Campbell, Harry %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Perola, Markus %A Polasek, Ozren %A Wilson, James F %K Biological Evolution %K Blood Pressure %K Body Height %K Cholesterol, LDL %K Cognition %K Cohort Studies %K Educational Status %K Female %K Forced Expiratory Volume %K Genome, Human %K Homozygote %K Humans %K Lung Volume Measurements %K Male %K Phenotype %X

Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P < 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.

%B Nature %V 523 %P 459-62 %8 2015 Jul 23 %G eng %N 7561 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26131930?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/nature14618 %0 Journal Article %J Nature %D 2015 %T Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology. %A Locke, Adam E %A Kahali, Bratati %A Berndt, Sonja I %A Justice, Anne E %A Pers, Tune H %A Day, Felix R %A Powell, Corey %A Vedantam, Sailaja %A Buchkovich, Martin L %A Yang, Jian %A Croteau-Chonka, Damien C %A Esko, Tõnu %A Fall, Tove %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Gustafsson, Stefan %A Kutalik, Zoltán %A Luan, Jian'an %A Mägi, Reedik %A Randall, Joshua C %A Winkler, Thomas W %A Wood, Andrew R %A Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie %A Faul, Jessica D %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Hua Zhao, Jing %A Zhao, Wei %A Chen, Jin %A Fehrmann, Rudolf %A Hedman, Åsa K %A Karjalainen, Juha %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Absher, Devin %A Amin, Najaf %A Anderson, Denise %A Beekman, Marian %A Bolton, Jennifer L %A Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L %A Buyske, Steven %A Demirkan, Ayse %A Deng, Guohong %A Ehret, Georg B %A Feenstra, Bjarke %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Fischer, Krista %A Goel, Anuj %A Gong, Jian %A Jackson, Anne U %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Kleber, Marcus E %A Kristiansson, Kati %A Lim, Unhee %A Lotay, Vaneet %A Mangino, Massimo %A Mateo Leach, Irene %A Medina-Gomez, Carolina %A Medland, Sarah E %A Nalls, Michael A %A Palmer, Cameron D %A Pasko, Dorota %A Pechlivanis, Sonali %A Peters, Marjolein J %A Prokopenko, Inga %A Shungin, Dmitry %A Stančáková, Alena %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Ju Sung, Yun %A Tanaka, Toshiko %A Teumer, Alexander %A Trompet, Stella %A van der Laan, Sander W %A van Setten, Jessica %A Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V %A Wang, Zhaoming %A Yengo, Loic %A Zhang, Weihua %A Isaacs, Aaron %A Albrecht, Eva %A Arnlöv, Johan %A Arscott, Gillian M %A Attwood, Antony P %A Bandinelli, Stefania %A Barrett, Amy %A Bas, Isabelita N %A Bellis, Claire %A Bennett, Amanda J %A Berne, Christian %A Blagieva, Roza %A Blüher, Matthias %A Böhringer, Stefan %A Bonnycastle, Lori L %A Böttcher, Yvonne %A Boyd, Heather A %A Bruinenberg, Marcel %A Caspersen, Ida H %A Ida Chen, Yii-Der %A Clarke, Robert %A Daw, E Warwick %A de Craen, Anton J M %A Delgado, Graciela %A Dimitriou, Maria %A Doney, Alex S F %A Eklund, Niina %A Estrada, Karol %A Eury, Elodie %A Folkersen, Lasse %A Fraser, Ross M %A Garcia, Melissa E %A Geller, Frank %A Giedraitis, Vilmantas %A Gigante, Bruna %A Go, Alan S %A Golay, Alain %A Goodall, Alison H %A Gordon, Scott D %A Gorski, Mathias %A Grabe, Hans-Jörgen %A Grallert, Harald %A Grammer, Tanja B %A Gräßler, Jürgen %A Grönberg, Henrik %A Groves, Christopher J %A Gusto, Gaëlle %A Haessler, Jeffrey %A Hall, Per %A Haller, Toomas %A Hallmans, Goran %A Hartman, Catharina A %A Hassinen, Maija %A Hayward, Caroline %A Heard-Costa, Nancy L %A Helmer, Quinta %A Hengstenberg, Christian %A Holmen, Oddgeir %A Hottenga, Jouke-Jan %A James, Alan L %A Jeff, Janina M %A Johansson, Åsa %A Jolley, Jennifer %A Juliusdottir, Thorhildur %A Kinnunen, Leena %A Koenig, Wolfgang %A Koskenvuo, Markku %A Kratzer, Wolfgang %A Laitinen, Jaana %A Lamina, Claudia %A Leander, Karin %A Lee, Nanette R %A Lichtner, Peter %A Lind, Lars %A Lindström, Jaana %A Sin Lo, Ken %A Lobbens, Stéphane %A Lorbeer, Roberto %A Lu, Yingchang %A Mach, François %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Mahajan, Anubha %A McArdle, Wendy L %A McLachlan, Stela %A Menni, Cristina %A Merger, Sigrun %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Milani, Lili %A Moayyeri, Alireza %A Monda, Keri L %A Morken, Mario A %A Mulas, Antonella %A Müller, Gabriele %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Musk, Arthur W %A Nagaraja, Ramaiah %A Nöthen, Markus M %A Nolte, Ilja M %A Pilz, Stefan %A Rayner, Nigel W %A Renstrom, Frida %A Rettig, Rainer %A Ried, Janina S %A Ripke, Stephan %A Robertson, Neil R %A Rose, Lynda M %A Sanna, Serena %A Scharnagl, Hubert %A Scholtens, Salome %A Schumacher, Fredrick R %A Scott, William R %A Seufferlein, Thomas %A Shi, Jianxin %A Vernon Smith, Albert %A Smolonska, Joanna %A Stanton, Alice V %A Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur %A Stirrups, Kathleen %A Stringham, Heather M %A Sundström, Johan %A Swertz, Morris A %A Swift, Amy J %A Syvänen, Ann-Christine %A Tan, Sian-Tsung %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A Thorand, Barbara %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Tyrer, Jonathan P %A Uh, Hae-Won %A Vandenput, Liesbeth %A Verhulst, Frank C %A Vermeulen, Sita H %A Verweij, Niek %A Vonk, Judith M %A Waite, Lindsay L %A Warren, Helen R %A Waterworth, Dawn %A Weedon, Michael N %A Wilkens, Lynne R %A Willenborg, Christina %A Wilsgaard, Tom %A Wojczynski, Mary K %A Wong, Andrew %A Wright, Alan F %A Zhang, Qunyuan %A Brennan, Eoin P %A Choi, Murim %A Dastani, Zari %A Drong, Alexander W %A Eriksson, Per %A Franco-Cereceda, Anders %A Gådin, Jesper R %A Gharavi, Ali G %A Goddard, Michael E %A Handsaker, Robert E %A Huang, Jinyan %A Karpe, Fredrik %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A Keildson, Sarah %A Kiryluk, Krzysztof %A Kubo, Michiaki %A Lee, Jong-Young %A Liang, Liming %A Lifton, Richard P %A Ma, Baoshan %A McCarroll, Steven A %A McKnight, Amy J %A Min, Josine L %A Moffatt, Miriam F %A Montgomery, Grant W %A Murabito, Joanne M %A Nicholson, George %A Nyholt, Dale R %A Okada, Yukinori %A Perry, John R B %A Dorajoo, Rajkumar %A Reinmaa, Eva %A Salem, Rany M %A Sandholm, Niina %A Scott, Robert A %A Stolk, Lisette %A Takahashi, Atsushi %A Tanaka, Toshihiro %A Van't Hooft, Ferdinand M %A Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E %A Westra, Harm-Jan %A Zheng, Wei %A Zondervan, Krina T %A Heath, Andrew C %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Bakker, Stephan J L %A Beilby, John %A Bergman, Richard N %A Blangero, John %A Bovet, Pascal %A Campbell, Harry %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Cesana, Giancarlo %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Chines, Peter S %A Collins, Francis S %A Crawford, Dana C %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Cusi, Daniele %A Danesh, John %A de Faire, Ulf %A den Ruijter, Hester M %A Dominiczak, Anna F %A Erbel, Raimund %A Erdmann, Jeanette %A Eriksson, Johan G %A Farrall, Martin %A Felix, Stephan B %A Ferrannini, Ele %A Ferrières, Jean %A Ford, Ian %A Forouhi, Nita G %A Forrester, Terrence %A Franco, Oscar H %A Gansevoort, Ron T %A Gejman, Pablo V %A Gieger, Christian %A Gottesman, Omri %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Gyllensten, Ulf %A Hall, Alistair S %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hattersley, Andrew T %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Hindorff, Lucia A %A Hingorani, Aroon D %A Hofman, Albert %A Homuth, Georg %A Hovingh, G Kees %A Humphries, Steve E %A Hunt, Steven C %A Hyppönen, Elina %A Illig, Thomas %A Jacobs, Kevin B %A Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Jöckel, Karl-Heinz %A Johansen, Berit %A Jousilahti, Pekka %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Jula, Antti M %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Kastelein, John J P %A Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M %A Kiemeney, Lambertus A %A Knekt, Paul %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Kovacs, Peter %A Kraja, Aldi T %A Kumari, Meena %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Lakka, Timo A %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Le Marchand, Loic %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Lyssenko, Valeriya %A Männistö, Satu %A Marette, André %A Matise, Tara C %A McKenzie, Colin A %A McKnight, Barbara %A Moll, Frans L %A Morris, Andrew D %A Morris, Andrew P %A Murray, Jeffrey C %A Nelis, Mari %A Ohlsson, Claes %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Ong, Ken K %A Madden, Pamela A F %A Pasterkamp, Gerard %A Peden, John F %A Peters, Annette %A Postma, Dirkje S %A Pramstaller, Peter P %A Price, Jackie F %A Qi, Lu %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Rankinen, Tuomo %A Rao, D C %A Rice, Treva K %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rioux, John D %A Ritchie, Marylyn D %A Rudan, Igor %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Saramies, Jouko %A Sarzynski, Mark A %A Schunkert, Heribert %A Schwarz, Peter E H %A Sever, Peter %A Shuldiner, Alan R %A Sinisalo, Juha %A Stolk, Ronald P %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Tönjes, Anke %A Trégouët, David-Alexandre %A Tremblay, Angelo %A Tremoli, Elena %A Virtamo, Jarmo %A Vohl, Marie-Claude %A Völker, Uwe %A Waeber, Gerard %A Willemsen, Gonneke %A Witteman, Jacqueline C %A Zillikens, M Carola %A Adair, Linda S %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Asselbergs, Folkert W %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Bochud, Murielle %A Boehm, Bernhard O %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Bornstein, Stefan R %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Bouchard, Claude %A Cauchi, Stéphane %A Chambers, John C %A Chanock, Stephen J %A Cooper, Richard S %A de Bakker, Paul I W %A Dedoussis, George %A Ferrucci, Luigi %A Franks, Paul W %A Froguel, Philippe %A Groop, Leif C %A Haiman, Christopher A %A Hamsten, Anders %A Hui, Jennie %A Hunter, David J %A Hveem, Kristian %A Kaplan, Robert C %A Kivimaki, Mika %A Kuh, Diana %A Laakso, Markku %A Liu, Yongmei %A Martin, Nicholas G %A März, Winfried %A Melbye, Mads %A Metspalu, Andres %A Moebus, Susanne %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Njølstad, Inger %A Oostra, Ben A %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Perola, Markus %A Pérusse, Louis %A Peters, Ulrike %A Power, Chris %A Quertermous, Thomas %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Rivadeneira, Fernando %A Saaristo, Timo E %A Saleheen, Danish %A Sattar, Naveed %A Schadt, Eric E %A Schlessinger, David %A Slagboom, P Eline %A Snieder, Harold %A Spector, Tim D %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Stumvoll, Michael %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Uusitupa, Matti %A van der Harst, Pim %A Walker, Mark %A Wallaschofski, Henri %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Watkins, Hugh %A Weir, David R %A Wichmann, H-Erich %A Wilson, James F %A Zanen, Pieter %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Deloukas, Panos %A Fox, Caroline S %A Heid, Iris M %A O'Connell, Jeffrey R %A Strachan, David P %A Stefansson, Kari %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Abecasis, Goncalo R %A Franke, Lude %A Frayling, Timothy M %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Visscher, Peter M %A Scherag, André %A Willer, Cristen J %A Boehnke, Michael %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Beckmann, Jacques S %A Barroso, Inês %A North, Kari E %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Speliotes, Elizabeth K %K Adipogenesis %K Adiposity %K Age Factors %K Body Mass Index %K Continental Population Groups %K Energy Metabolism %K Europe %K Female %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Glutamic Acid %K Humans %K Insulin %K Male %K Obesity %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Quantitative Trait Loci %K Synapses %X

Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P < 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for >20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.

%B Nature %V 518 %P 197-206 %8 2015 Feb 12 %G eng %N 7538 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673413?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/nature14177 %0 Journal Article %J Nature %D 2015 %T New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution. %A Shungin, Dmitry %A Winkler, Thomas W %A Croteau-Chonka, Damien C %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Locke, Adam E %A Mägi, Reedik %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Pers, Tune H %A Fischer, Krista %A Justice, Anne E %A Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie %A Wu, Joseph M W %A Buchkovich, Martin L %A Heard-Costa, Nancy L %A Roman, Tamara S %A Drong, Alexander W %A Song, Ci %A Gustafsson, Stefan %A Day, Felix R %A Esko, Tõnu %A Fall, Tove %A Kutalik, Zoltán %A Luan, Jian'an %A Randall, Joshua C %A Scherag, André %A Vedantam, Sailaja %A Wood, Andrew R %A Chen, Jin %A Fehrmann, Rudolf %A Karjalainen, Juha %A Kahali, Bratati %A Liu, Ching-Ti %A Schmidt, Ellen M %A Absher, Devin %A Amin, Najaf %A Anderson, Denise %A Beekman, Marian %A Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L %A Buyske, Steven %A Demirkan, Ayse %A Ehret, Georg B %A Feitosa, Mary F %A Goel, Anuj %A Jackson, Anne U %A Johnson, Toby %A Kleber, Marcus E %A Kristiansson, Kati %A Mangino, Massimo %A Mateo Leach, Irene %A Medina-Gomez, Carolina %A Palmer, Cameron D %A Pasko, Dorota %A Pechlivanis, Sonali %A Peters, Marjolein J %A Prokopenko, Inga %A Stančáková, Alena %A Ju Sung, Yun %A Tanaka, Toshiko %A Teumer, Alexander %A Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V %A Yengo, Loic %A Zhang, Weihua %A Albrecht, Eva %A Arnlöv, Johan %A Arscott, Gillian M %A Bandinelli, Stefania %A Barrett, Amy %A Bellis, Claire %A Bennett, Amanda J %A Berne, Christian %A Blüher, Matthias %A Böhringer, Stefan %A Bonnet, Fabrice %A Böttcher, Yvonne %A Bruinenberg, Marcel %A Carba, Delia B %A Caspersen, Ida H %A Clarke, Robert %A Daw, E Warwick %A Deelen, Joris %A Deelman, Ewa %A Delgado, Graciela %A Doney, Alex S F %A Eklund, Niina %A Erdos, Michael R %A Estrada, Karol %A Eury, Elodie %A Friedrich, Nele %A Garcia, Melissa E %A Giedraitis, Vilmantas %A Gigante, Bruna %A Go, Alan S %A Golay, Alain %A Grallert, Harald %A Grammer, Tanja B %A Gräßler, Jürgen %A Grewal, Jagvir %A Groves, Christopher J %A Haller, Toomas %A Hallmans, Goran %A Hartman, Catharina A %A Hassinen, Maija %A Hayward, Caroline %A Heikkilä, Kauko %A Herzig, Karl-Heinz %A Helmer, Quinta %A Hillege, Hans L %A Holmen, Oddgeir %A Hunt, Steven C %A Isaacs, Aaron %A Ittermann, Till %A James, Alan L %A Johansson, Ingegerd %A Juliusdottir, Thorhildur %A Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota %A Kinnunen, Leena %A Koenig, Wolfgang %A Kooner, Ishminder K %A Kratzer, Wolfgang %A Lamina, Claudia %A Leander, Karin %A Lee, Nanette R %A Lichtner, Peter %A Lind, Lars %A Lindström, Jaana %A Lobbens, Stéphane %A Lorentzon, Mattias %A Mach, François %A Magnusson, Patrik K E %A Mahajan, Anubha %A McArdle, Wendy L %A Menni, Cristina %A Merger, Sigrun %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Milani, Lili %A Mills, Rebecca %A Moayyeri, Alireza %A Monda, Keri L %A Mooijaart, Simon P %A Mühleisen, Thomas W %A Mulas, Antonella %A Müller, Gabriele %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Nagaraja, Ramaiah %A Nalls, Michael A %A Narisu, Narisu %A Glorioso, Nicola %A Nolte, Ilja M %A Olden, Matthias %A Rayner, Nigel W %A Renstrom, Frida %A Ried, Janina S %A Robertson, Neil R %A Rose, Lynda M %A Sanna, Serena %A Scharnagl, Hubert %A Scholtens, Salome %A Sennblad, Bengt %A Seufferlein, Thomas %A Sitlani, Colleen M %A Vernon Smith, Albert %A Stirrups, Kathleen %A Stringham, Heather M %A Sundström, Johan %A Swertz, Morris A %A Swift, Amy J %A Syvänen, Ann-Christine %A Tayo, Bamidele O %A Thorand, Barbara %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Tomaschitz, Andreas %A Troffa, Chiara %A van Oort, Floor V A %A Verweij, Niek %A Vonk, Judith M %A Waite, Lindsay L %A Wennauer, Roman %A Wilsgaard, Tom %A Wojczynski, Mary K %A Wong, Andrew %A Zhang, Qunyuan %A Hua Zhao, Jing %A Brennan, Eoin P %A Choi, Murim %A Eriksson, Per %A Folkersen, Lasse %A Franco-Cereceda, Anders %A Gharavi, Ali G %A Hedman, Åsa K %A Hivert, Marie-France %A Huang, Jinyan %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Karpe, Fredrik %A Keildson, Sarah %A Kiryluk, Krzysztof %A Liang, Liming %A Lifton, Richard P %A Ma, Baoshan %A McKnight, Amy J %A McPherson, Ruth %A Metspalu, Andres %A Min, Josine L %A Moffatt, Miriam F %A Montgomery, Grant W %A Murabito, Joanne M %A Nicholson, George %A Nyholt, Dale R %A Olsson, Christian %A Perry, John R B %A Reinmaa, Eva %A Salem, Rany M %A Sandholm, Niina %A Schadt, Eric E %A Scott, Robert A %A Stolk, Lisette %A Vallejo, Edgar E %A Westra, Harm-Jan %A Zondervan, Krina T %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Arveiler, Dominique %A Bakker, Stephan J L %A Beilby, John %A Bergman, Richard N %A Blangero, John %A Brown, Morris J %A Burnier, Michel %A Campbell, Harry %A Chakravarti, Aravinda %A Chines, Peter S %A Claudi-Boehm, Simone %A Collins, Francis S %A Crawford, Dana C %A Danesh, John %A de Faire, Ulf %A de Geus, Eco J C %A Dörr, Marcus %A Erbel, Raimund %A Eriksson, Johan G %A Farrall, Martin %A Ferrannini, Ele %A Ferrières, Jean %A Forouhi, Nita G %A Forrester, Terrence %A Franco, Oscar H %A Gansevoort, Ron T %A Gieger, Christian %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Haiman, Christopher A %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hattersley, Andrew T %A Heliövaara, Markku %A Hicks, Andrew A %A Hingorani, Aroon D %A Hoffmann, Wolfgang %A Hofman, Albert %A Homuth, Georg %A Humphries, Steve E %A Hyppönen, Elina %A Illig, Thomas %A Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Johansen, Berit %A Jousilahti, Pekka %A Jula, Antti M %A Kaprio, Jaakko %A Kee, Frank %A Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Kovacs, Peter %A Kraja, Aldi T %A Kumari, Meena %A Kuulasmaa, Kari %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Lakka, Timo A %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Le Marchand, Loic %A Lehtimäki, Terho %A Lyssenko, Valeriya %A Männistö, Satu %A Marette, André %A Matise, Tara C %A McKenzie, Colin A %A McKnight, Barbara %A Musk, Arthur W %A Möhlenkamp, Stefan %A Morris, Andrew D %A Nelis, Mari %A Ohlsson, Claes %A Oldehinkel, Albertine J %A Ong, Ken K %A Palmer, Lyle J %A Penninx, Brenda W %A Peters, Annette %A Pramstaller, Peter P %A Raitakari, Olli T %A Rankinen, Tuomo %A Rao, D C %A Rice, Treva K %A Ridker, Paul M %A Ritchie, Marylyn D %A Rudan, Igor %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Saramies, Jouko %A Sarzynski, Mark A %A Schwarz, Peter E H %A Shuldiner, Alan R %A Staessen, Jan A %A Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur %A Stolk, Ronald P %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Tönjes, Anke %A Tremblay, Angelo %A Tremoli, Elena %A Vohl, Marie-Claude %A Völker, Uwe %A Vollenweider, Peter %A Wilson, James F %A Witteman, Jacqueline C %A Adair, Linda S %A Bochud, Murielle %A Boehm, Bernhard O %A Bornstein, Stefan R %A Bouchard, Claude %A Cauchi, Stéphane %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Chambers, John C %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Cooper, Richard S %A Dedoussis, George %A Ferrucci, Luigi %A Froguel, Philippe %A Grabe, Hans-Jörgen %A Hamsten, Anders %A Hui, Jennie %A Hveem, Kristian %A Jöckel, Karl-Heinz %A Kivimaki, Mika %A Kuh, Diana %A Laakso, Markku %A Liu, Yongmei %A März, Winfried %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Njølstad, Inger %A Oostra, Ben A %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Perola, Markus %A Pérusse, Louis %A Peters, Ulrike %A Power, Chris %A Quertermous, Thomas %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Rivadeneira, Fernando %A Saaristo, Timo E %A Saleheen, Danish %A Sinisalo, Juha %A Slagboom, P Eline %A Snieder, Harold %A Spector, Tim D %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Stumvoll, Michael %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Uitterlinden, André G %A Uusitupa, Matti %A van der Harst, Pim %A Veronesi, Giovanni %A Walker, Mark %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Watkins, Hugh %A Wichmann, H-Erich %A Abecasis, Goncalo R %A Assimes, Themistocles L %A Berndt, Sonja I %A Boehnke, Michael %A Borecki, Ingrid B %A Deloukas, Panos %A Franke, Lude %A Frayling, Timothy M %A Groop, Leif C %A Hunter, David J %A Kaplan, Robert C %A O'Connell, Jeffrey R %A Qi, Lu %A Schlessinger, David %A Strachan, David P %A Stefansson, Kari %A van Duijn, Cornelia M %A Willer, Cristen J %A Visscher, Peter M %A Yang, Jian %A Hirschhorn, Joel N %A Zillikens, M Carola %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Speliotes, Elizabeth K %A North, Kari E %A Fox, Caroline S %A Barroso, Inês %A Franks, Paul W %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Heid, Iris M %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Cupples, L Adrienne %A Morris, Andrew P %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Mohlke, Karen L %K Adipocytes %K Adipogenesis %K Adipose Tissue %K Age Factors %K Body Fat Distribution %K Body Mass Index %K Continental Population Groups %K Epigenesis, Genetic %K Europe %K Female %K Genome, Human %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Humans %K Insulin %K Insulin Resistance %K Male %K Models, Biological %K Neovascularization, Physiologic %K Obesity %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Quantitative Trait Loci %K Sex Characteristics %K Transcription, Genetic %K Waist-Hip Ratio %X

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.

%B Nature %V 518 %P 187-96 %8 2015 Feb 12 %G eng %N 7538 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673412?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/nature14132