<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biancotto, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skabar, Aldo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bulgheroni, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrozzi, Marco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zoia, Stefania</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuromotor deficits in developmental coordination disorder: evidence from a reach-to-grasp task.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Res Dev Disabil</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Res Dev Disabil</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Variance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomechanical Phenomena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motor Skills Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychometrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychomotor Performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reaction Time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Space Perception</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Jul-Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1293-300</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) has been classified as a specific learning disability, nonetheless the underlying cognitive mechanisms are still a matter of discussion. After a summary of the main hypotheses on the principal neuromotor causes of DCD, this study applies a causal model framework to describe the possible coexistence of more than one deficit in this disorder. For this purpose, kinematic analysis was applied to an ecological task, the reach-to-grasp action, introducing the manipulation of three variables: vision, distance and object size. After a thorough neurological and neuropsychological evaluation, 9 children with DCD (7-9 years old) were selected and compared to 27 age-matched control children. The results suggest that children with DCD have a normal neurological characterization of the reaching and grasping movements, in terms of proximal to distal action, but their grasping aperture (MGA) was always wider with respect to controls, particularly when vision was not allowed. In addition, the performance of children with DCD was always slower, more dependent on vision and more variable than that of controls. The MGA of children with DCD could be explained by a deficit in the internal construction of movement for a forward model, while slowness could be related to a control problem in the neuronal firing of the muscles. The idea of a possible coexistence of these two deficits is discussed in accordance to a causal model framework and also addressed considering recent neurophysiologic evidences.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21377830?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>