<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanderley-Nogueira, Ana Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bezerra-Neto, João Pacífico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kido, Éderson Akio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Araújo, Flávia Tadeu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amorim, Lidiane Lindinalva Barbosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crovella, Sergio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Elite Squad: First Defense Line and Resistance Genes - Identification, Diversity and Functional Roles.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr Protein Pept Sci</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr. Protein Pept. Sci.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Jul 24</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Plants exhibit sensitive mechanisms to respond to environmental stresses, presenting some specific and non-specific reactions when attacked by pathogens, including organisms from different classes and complexity, as viroids, viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes. A crucial step to define the fate of the plant facing an invading pathogen is the activation of a compatible Resistance (R) gene, the focus of the present review. Different aspects regarding R-genes and their products are discussed, including pathogen recognition mechanisms, signaling and effects on induced and constitutive defense processes, splicing and post transcriptional mechanisms involved. There are still countless challenges to the complete understanding of the mechanisms involving R-genes in plants, in particular those related to the interactions with other genes of the pathogen and of the host itself, their regulation, acting mechanisms at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, as well as the influence of other types of stress over their regulation. A magnification of knowledge is expected when considering the novel information from the omics and systems biology.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27455974?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria, Ana Carolina Wanderley-Nogueira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bezerra-Neto, João Pacífico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kido, Éderson Akio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Araújo, Flávia Tadeu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amorim, Lidiane Lindinalva Barbosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crovella, Sergio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plants Defense-related Cyclic Peptides: Diversity, Structure and Applications.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr Protein Pept Sci</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr. Protein Pept. Sci.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Jul 24</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Plant growth is prone to several unfavorable factors that may compromise or impair development and survival, including abiotic or biotic stressors. Aiming at defending themselves, plants have developed several strategies to survive and adapt to such adversities. Cyclotides are a family of plant-derived proteins that exhibit a diverse range of biological activities including antimicrobial and insecticidal activities that actively participate in plant defense processes. Three main categories of peptides have been described: (i) Cyclotides (ii) Sunflower Trypsin Inhibitor (SFTI) and (iii) peptides MCoTI-I and II, from Momordica cochinchinensis. They comprise proteins of approximately 30 amino acids, containing a head-to-tail cyclized backbone, with three disulfide bonds configured in a cystine knot topology, therefore bearing greater peptide stability. Given their features and multifunctionality, cyclotides stand out as promising sources for the discovery of new antimicrobial agents. The present review describes cyclotide occurrence, abundance and action in plants, also their diversity and evolution. Considerations regarding their use in the context of biomedical and agronomical sciences uses are also presented.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27455973?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pandolfi, Valesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neto, José Ribamar Costa Ferreira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silva, Manassés Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amorim, Lidiane Lindinalva Barbosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanderley-Nogueira, Ana Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Oliveira Silva, Roberta Lane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kido, Éderson Akio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crovella, Sergio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iseppon, Ana Maria Benko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resistance (R) Genes: Applications and Prospects for Plant Biotechnology and Breeding.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr Protein Pept Sci</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curr. Protein Pept. Sci.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Jul 24</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The discovery of novel plant resistance (R) genes (including their homologs and analogs) opened interesting possibilities for controlling plant diseases caused by several pathogens. However, due to environmental pressure and high selection operated by pathogens, several crop plants have lost specificity, broad-spectrum or durability of resistance. On the other hand, the advances in plant genome sequencing and biotechnological approaches, combined with the increasing knowledge on R-genes have provided new insights on their applications for plant genetic breeding, allowing the identification and implementation of novel and efficient strategies that enhance or optimize their use for efficiently controlling plant diseases. The present review focuses on main perspectives of application of R-genes and its co-players for the acquisition of resistance to pathogens in cultivated plants, with emphasis on biotechnological inferences, including transgenesis, cisgenesis, directed mutagenesis and gene editing, with examples of success and challenges to be faced.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27455971?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>