<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesaro, Simone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tridello, Gloria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castagnola, Elio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calore, Elisabetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carraro, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariotti, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colombini, Antonella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perruccio, Katia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decembrino, Nunzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russo, Giovanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maximova, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baretta, Valentina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caselli, Désirée</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective study on the incidence and outcome of proven and probable invasive fungal infections in high-risk pediatric onco-hematological patients.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eur J Haematol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eur. J. Haematol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Therapy, Combination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hematologic Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycoses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Outcome Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment Outcome</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">240-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is a cause of morbidity, mortality and increased health costs in children undergoing chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Multicenter, retrospective study to assess the incidence, outcome of proven and probable IFI (PP-IFI) in children treated for acute leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma or who underwent HSCT from 2006 to 2012.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Over the 7-year period, 127 PP-IFI were diagnosed in 123 patients, median age of 9.7 years. The 1-year cumulative incidence was 2.5% (CI 1.8-3.7) after frontline chemotherapy, 9.4% (CI 5.8-15.0) after relapse, and 5.3% (CI 3.9-7.1) after HSCT. Severe neutropenia was present in 98 (77%) patients. Culture-proven agents were Candida spp., mostly non-albicans, 28, mold 23, whereas three proven IFI were identified by histopathology. Favorable response to treatment within 3 months from diagnosis was observed in 77 (89%). The overall ninety-day probability of survival was 68% (CI 59-76).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;About two-thirds of pediatric patients with PP-IFI survived, regardless of whether the infection occurred after frontline chemotherapy, reinduction chemotherapy for disease relapse, or after HSCT. Further prospective studies are needed to define the impact of antifungal prophylaxis and early combination therapy on short-term overall survival.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28556426?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caselli, Désirée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petris, Maria Grazia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rondelli, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carraro, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colombini, Antonella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muggeo, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziino, Ottavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melchionda, Fraia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Russo, Giovanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pierani, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soncini, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DeSantis, Raffaella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanazzo, Giulio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barone, Angelica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesaro, Simone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellini, Monica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mura, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milano, Giuseppe M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meazza, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cicalese, Maria P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tropia, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Masi, Salvatore</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castagnola, Elio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aricò, Maurizio</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infectious Diseases Working Group of the Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single-day trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia in children with cancer.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Infective Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Administration Schedule</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hematologic Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pneumocystis carinii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pneumonia, Pneumocystis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment Outcome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">164</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">389-92.e1</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVE: &lt;/b&gt;To determine whether a simplified, 1-day/week regimen of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is sufficient to prevent Pneumocystis (jirovecii [carinii]) pneumonia (PCP). Current recommended regimens for prophylaxis against PCP range from daily administration to 3 consecutive days per week dosing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;STUDY DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;A prospective survey of the regimens adopted for the PCP prophylaxis in all patients treated for childhood cancer at pediatric hematology-oncology centers of the Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;The 20 centers participating in the study reported a total of 2466 patients, including 1093 with solid tumor and 1373 with leukemia/lymphoma (or primary immunodeficiency; n = 2). Of these patients, 1371 (55.6%) received the 3-day/week prophylaxis regimen, 406 (16.5%) received the 2-day/week regimen, and 689 (27.9%), including 439 with leukemia/lymphoma, received the 1-day/week regimen. Overall, only 2 cases of PCP (0.08%) were reported, both in the 2-day/week group. By intention to treat, the cumulative incidence of PCP at 3 years was 0.09% overall (95% CI, 0.00-0.40%) and 0.51% for the 2-day/week group (95% CI, 0.10%-2.00%). Remarkably, both patients who failed had withdrawn from prophylaxis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;A single-day course of prophylaxis with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole may be sufficient to prevent PCP in children with cancer undergoing intensive chemotherapy regimens. This simplified strategy might have implications for the emerging need for PCP prophylaxis in other patients subjected to the increased use of biological and nonbiological agents that induce higher levels of immune suppression, such as those with rheumatic diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24252793?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castagnola, Elio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rossi, Mario R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesaro, Simone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Livadiotti, Susanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giacchino, Mareva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanazzo, Giulio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fioredda, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beretta, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciocchello, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carli, Modesto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putti, Maria Caterina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pansini, Valeria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Licciardello, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farina, Silvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caviglia, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haupt, Riccardo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence of bacteremias and invasive mycoses in children with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia: results from a multi-center Italian study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatr Blood Cancer</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatr Blood Cancer</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteremia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mycoses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neoplasm Recurrence, Local</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Dec 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1103-7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;Data on the epidemiology of bacteremias and invasive fungal diseases (IFD) in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are scarce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;DESIGN AND METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;In a multi-center, retrospective study, we analyzed proportion, rate per 1,000 person-days at risk, and cumulative risk of bacteremias and IFD in children with AML.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Between January 1998 and December 2005, 240 children were treated for AML at 8 Italian Centers, for a total of 521 treatment courses and 63,232 person-days at risk. Bacteremia was observed in 32% of treatment courses and IFD was seen in 10% (P &lt; 0.0001), with rates of 2.62 and 0.84, respectively (P &lt; 0.001). There was a significantly higher frequency of IFD during relapse treatment: proportion 15% versus 9% (P = 0.05), rate 2.10 versus 0.64 (P = 0.008) and cumulative risk 32% versus 12% (P = 0.007), while there were no differences in the proportion, rate and cumulative risk of bacteremia during front-line or relapse treatment. The epidemiology of bacteremias and IFD was different during front-line therapy for M3 as compared to other types of AML, but the differences were not statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Severe infectious complications are frequent during the treatment of pediatric AML, especially during relapse treatment, and bacteremias are more frequent than IFD.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20680968?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caselli, Désirée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carraro, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castagnola, Elio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziino, Ottavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frenos, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milano, Giuseppe Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Livadiotti, Susanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesaro, Simone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marra, Nicoletta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanazzo, Giulio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meazza, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellini, Monica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aricò, Maurizio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morbidity of pandemic H1N1 influenza in children with cancer.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatr Blood Cancer</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatr Blood Cancer</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antineoplastic Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cause of Death</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Data Collection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease Outbreaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influenza, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morbidity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment Outcome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">226-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;To define the mortality and the current impact of the H1N1 pandemic in pediatric hematology-oncology centers, we performed a specific survey.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PROCEDURE: &lt;/b&gt;Pharyngeal swabs from patients with fevers of unknown origin, flu-like symptoms or bronchopneumonia were screened for H1N1 using PCR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Sixty-two patients with documented H1N1 infection were reported: 16 had recently stopped therapy, 2 were at the diagnosis stage, and 44 were receiving therapy. The clinical course was severe (requiring ICU admission) in only 1 patient, moderate (requiring hospital admission) in 38, and mild in the remaining 23 (37%), treated as outpatients. While none of the patients died of H1N1-related complications, two patients died of progressive cancer; in all of the remaining cases, symptoms resolved within 11 days. The clinical course was complicated by respiratory distress or bronchopneumonia in 10 cases. Oseltamivir was given to 82% of patients. Chemotherapy was temporarily withdrawn in 54% of cases for a median time of 21 days (range, 4-43 days).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;H1N1 infection in children with cancer was not reported as the cause of death in any case but resulted in reduced intensity of anti-cancer therapy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20582951?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caselli, Désirée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesaro, Simone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziino, Ottavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanazzo, Giulio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manicone, Rosaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Livadiotti, Susanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellini, Monica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frenos, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milano, Giuseppe M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cappelli, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Licciardello, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beretta, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aricò, Maurizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castagnola, Elio</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infection Study Group of the Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP)</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in children undergoing chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haematologica</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haematologica</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antineoplastic Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteremia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drug Resistance, Multiple</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunocompromised Host</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant, Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">95</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1612-5</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one leading gram-negative organism associated with nosocomial infections. Bacteremia is life-threatening in the immunocompromised host. Increasing frequency of multi-drug-resistant (MDRPA) strains is concerning. We started a retrospective survey in the pediatric hematology oncology Italian network. Between 2000 and 2008, 127 patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia were reported from 12 centers; 31.4% of isolates were MDRPA. Death within 30 days of a positive blood culture occurred in 19.6% (25/127) of total patients; in patients with MDRPA infection it occurred in 35.8% (14/39). In the multivariate analysis, only MDRPA had significant association with infection-related death. This is the largest series of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia cases from pediatric hematology oncology centers. Monitoring local bacterial isolates epidemiology is mandatory and will allow empiric antibiotic therapy to be tailored to reduce fatalities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20305140?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>