<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fortuna, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remoli, Maria Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizzo, Caterina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedetti, Eleonora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fiorentini, Cristiano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bella, Antonino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Argentini, Claudio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farchi, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castilletti, Concetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zammarchi, Lorenzo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bartoloni, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanchetta, Nadia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gismondo, Maria Rita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelli, Luca Ceccherini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitale, Giustina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baldelli, Franco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D'Agaro, Pierlanfranco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sodano, Giuseppe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rezza, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venturi, Giulietta</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arbovirus Working Group</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imported arboviral infections in Italy, July 2014-October 2015: a National Reference Laboratory report.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Infect Dis</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Infect. Dis.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chikungunya Fever</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chikungunya virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengue Virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease Outbreaks</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Diagnostic Techniques</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population Surveillance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Travel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zika Virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zika Virus Infection</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 03 16</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">216</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;Imported cases of infections due to Dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses and, more recently, Zika virus (ZIKV) are commonly reported among travelers returning from endemic regions. In areas where potentially competent vectors are present, the risk of autochthonous transmission of these vector-borne pathogens is relatively high. Laboratory surveillance is crucial to rapidly detect imported cases in order to reduce the risk of transmission. This study describes the laboratory activity performed by the National Reference Laboratory for Arboviruses (NRLA) at the Italian National Institute of Health in the period from July 2014 to October 2015.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Samples from 180 patients visited/hospitalized with a suspected DENV/CHIKV/ZIKV infection were sent to the NRLA from several Italian Hospitals and from Regional Reference Laboratories for Arboviruses, in agreement with the National Plan on human surveillance of vector-borne diseases. Both serological (ELISA IgM test and Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test-PRNT) and molecular assays (Real Time PCR tests, RT-PCR plus nested PCR and sequencing of positive samples) were performed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;DENV infection was the most frequently diagnosed (80 confirmed/probable cases), and all four genotypes were detected. However, an increase in imported CHIKV cases (41 confirmed/probable cases) was observed, along with the detection of the first ZIKV cases (4 confirmed cases), as a consequence of the recent spread of both CHIKV and ZIKV in the Americas.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Main diagnostic issues highlighted in our study are sensitivity limitations of molecular tests, and the importance of PRNT to confirm serological results for differential diagnosis of Arboviruses. The continuous evaluation of diagnostic strategy, and the implementation of laboratories networks involved in surveillance activities is essential to ensure correct diagnosis, and to improve the preparedness for a rapid and proper identification of viral threats.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28302072?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>