<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mijatovic, Vladan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cocca, Massimiliano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taliun, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gomez, Felicia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Yong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayo, Bamidele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffar, Reiner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chouraki, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Adamo Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengler, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endlich, Karlhans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enroth, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, Oscar H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gottesman, Omri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hancock, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Höllerer, Simon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huth, Cornelia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hutri-Kähönen, Nina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hwang, 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Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Borst, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navis, Gerjan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertz, Morris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Yingchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McEvoy, Mark A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metzger, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldehinkel, Albertine J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wjh Penninx, Brenda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosas, Sylvia E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruderfer, Douglas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saba, Yasaman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sedaghat, Sanaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stengel, Bénédicte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stracke, Sylvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jin Wang, Jie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tromp, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1000 Genomes-based meta-analysis identifies 10 novel loci for kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sci Rep</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sci Rep</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational Biology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotyping Techniques</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 04 28</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45040</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;HapMap imputed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed &gt;50 loci at which common variants with minor allele frequency &gt;5% are associated with kidney function. GWAS using more complete reference sets for imputation, such as those from The 1000 Genomes project, promise to identify novel loci that have been missed by previous efforts. To investigate the value of such a more complete variant catalog, we conducted a GWAS meta-analysis of kidney function based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in 110,517 European ancestry participants using 1000 Genomes imputed data. We identified 10 novel loci with p-value &lt; 5 × 10 previously missed by HapMap-based GWAS. Six of these loci (HOXD8, ARL15, PIK3R1, EYA4, ASTN2, and EPB41L3) are tagged by common SNPs unique to the 1000 Genomes reference panel. Using pathway analysis, we identified 39 significant (FDR &lt; 0.05) genes and 127 significantly (FDR &lt; 0.05) enriched gene sets, which were missed by our previous analyses. Among those, the 10 identified novel genes are part of pathways of kidney development, carbohydrate metabolism, cardiac septum development and glucose metabolism. These results highlight the utility of re-imputing from denser reference panels, until whole-genome sequencing becomes feasible in large samples.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28452372?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thompson, Deborah J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helgason, Hannes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finucane, Hilary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulem, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" 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size="100%">He, Chunyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loh, Po-Ru</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lunetta, Kathryn L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marco, Brumat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMahon, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noordam, 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Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pollard, Katherine S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Easton, Douglas F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chang-Claude, Jenny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinds, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murabito, Joanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ong, Ken K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">InterAct Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">kConFab/AOCS Investigators</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PRACTICAL Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genomic analyses identify hundreds of variants associated with age at menarche and support a role for puberty timing in cancer risk.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Databases, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genomic Imprinting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Membrane Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menarche</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puberty</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribonucleoproteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">834-841</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The timing of puberty is a highly polygenic childhood trait that is epidemiologically associated with various adult diseases. Using 1000 Genomes Project-imputed genotype data in up to ∼370,000 women, we identify 389 independent signals (P &lt; 5 × 10) for age at menarche, a milestone in female pubertal development. In Icelandic data, these signals explain ∼7.4% of the population variance in age at menarche, corresponding to ∼25% of the estimated heritability. We implicate ∼250 genes via coding variation or associated expression, demonstrating significant enrichment in neural tissues. Rare variants near the imprinted genes MKRN3 and DLK1 were identified, exhibiting large effects when paternally inherited. Mendelian randomization analyses suggest causal inverse associations, independent of body mass index (BMI), between puberty timing and risks for breast and endometrial cancers in women and prostate cancer in men. In aggregate, our findings highlight the complexity of the genetic regulation of puberty timing and support causal links with cancer susceptibility.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28436984?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" 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face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aalto, Ville</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chouraki, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Wei-Min</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lieb, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susztak, Katalin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamet, Pavel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremblay, Johanne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Boer, Ian H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goessling, Wolfram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGEN Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CardioGram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHARGe-Heart Failure Group</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EchoGen consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic associations at 53 loci highlight cell types and biological pathways relevant for kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Commun</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Commun</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renal Insufficiency, Chronic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10023</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Reduced glomerular filtration rate defines chronic kidney disease and is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), combining data across 133,413 individuals with replication in up to 42,166 individuals. We identify 24 new and confirm 29 previously identified loci. Of these 53 loci, 19 associate with eGFR among individuals with diabetes. Using bioinformatics, we show that identified genes at eGFR loci are enriched for expression in kidney tissues and in pathways relevant for kidney development and transmembrane transporter activity, kidney structure, and regulation of glucose metabolism. Chromatin state mapping and DNase I hypersensitivity analyses across adult tissues demonstrate preferential mapping of associated variants to regulatory regions in kidney but not extra-renal tissues. These findings suggest that genetic determinants of eGFR are mediated largely through direct effects within the kidney and highlight important cell types and biological pathways.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26831199?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rietveld, Cornelius 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Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarin, Antti-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staessen, Jan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terracciano, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tobin, Martin D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccargiu, Simona</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaye, Lydia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rooij, Frank J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venturini, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonk, Judith M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waage, Johannes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ware, Erin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisgaard, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bültmann, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gejman, Pablo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratten, Jacob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groenen, Patrick J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinds, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyppönen, Elina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iacono, William G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobsson, Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGue, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pendleton, Neil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Posthuma, Danielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sørensen, Thorkild I A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thurik, A Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krueger, Robert F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davey Smith, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bipolar Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational Biology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fetus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene-Environment Interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Great Britain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Annotation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 May 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">533</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">539-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7604</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27225129?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mattsson, Hannele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutile, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jackson, Anne U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schurmann, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Yukinori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stančáková, Alena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bartz, Traci M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Concas, Maria Pina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franceschini, Nora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enroth, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, Xiuqing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connel, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corre, Tanguy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nongmaithem, Suraj S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Yuning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, 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size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Takahashi, Atsushi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Jaspal S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioBank Japan Project</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Height</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cholesterol, LDL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forced Expiratory Volume</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lung Volume Measurements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenotype</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Jul 23</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">523</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">459-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P &lt; 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7561</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26131930?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endlich, Karlhans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taliun, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gao, Xiaoyi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hundertmark, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, Meredith C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Seaghdha, Conall M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glazer, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Ching-Ti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Struchalin, Maksim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gierman, Hinco J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hwang, Shih-Jen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atkinson, Elizabeth J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambert, Jean-Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deshmukh, Harshal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murgia, Federico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imboden, Medea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coassin, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Braxton D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalieri, Margherita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao, Madhumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Andrade, Mariza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turner, Stephen T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrews, Jeanette S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freedman, Barry I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulianini, Franco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zgaga, Lina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minelli, Cosetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wheeler, Heather E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaboli, Ghazal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellinghaus, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nöthlings, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, Gunnar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffar, Reiner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, Heyo K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stracke, Sylvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovacs, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulchenko, Yurii S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jie Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stengel, Bénédicte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergmann, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikopensius, Tiit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketkar, Shamika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colhoun, Helen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doney, Alex</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krämer, Bernhard K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thun, Gian-Andri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulweber, Bernhard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haun, Margot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Stuart K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kronenberg, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscovick, David S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Andre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIoGRAM Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARe Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WTCCC2</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integration of genome-wide association studies with biological knowledge identifies six novel genes related to kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hum Mol Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hum. Mol. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigens, CD98 Heavy Chain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glomerular Filtration Rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibin-beta Subunits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Membrane Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Dec 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5329-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In conducting genome-wide association studies (GWAS), analytical approaches leveraging biological information may further understanding of the pathophysiology of clinical traits. To discover novel associations with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of kidney function, we developed a strategy for integrating prior biological knowledge into the existing GWAS data for eGFR from the CKDGen Consortium. Our strategy focuses on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in genes that are connected by functional evidence, determined by literature mining and gene ontology (GO) hierarchies, to genes near previously validated eGFR associations. It then requires association thresholds consistent with multiple testing, and finally evaluates novel candidates by independent replication. Among the samples of European ancestry, we identified a genome-wide significant SNP in FBXL20 (P = 5.6 × 10(-9)) in meta-analysis of all available data, and additional SNPs at the INHBC, LRP2, PLEKHA1, SLC3A2 and SLC7A6 genes meeting multiple-testing corrected significance for replication and overall P-values of 4.5 × 10(-4)-2.2 × 10(-7). Neither the novel PLEKHA1 nor FBXL20 associations, both further supported by association with eGFR among African Americans and with transcript abundance, would have been implicated by eGFR candidate gene approaches. LRP2, encoding the megalin receptor, was identified through connection with the previously known eGFR gene DAB2 and extends understanding of the megalin system in kidney function. These findings highlight integration of existing genome-wide association data with independent biological knowledge to uncover novel candidate eGFR associations, including candidates lacking known connections to kidney-specific pathways. The strategy may also be applicable to other clinical phenotypes, although more testing will be needed to assess its potential for discovery in general.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22962313?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Couper, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rooij, Frank J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zakai, Neil A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greinacher, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia, Melissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumley, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folsom, Aaron R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reiner, Alex P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagou, Vasiliki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, Janine F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gouskova, Natalia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffi, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Döring, Angela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chong, Sean</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiggins, Kerri L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rendon, Augusto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moore, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor, Kent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lettre, Guillaume</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bis, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sambrook, Jennifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arepalli, Sampath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokisch, Holger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stephens, Jonathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glazer, Nicole L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cupples, L Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Yukinori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Takahashi, Atsushi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamatani, Yoichiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Koichi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsunoda, Tatsuhiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshihiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kubo, Michiaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nakamura, Yusuke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yamamoto, Kazuhiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamatani, Naoyuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patel, Kushang V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garner, Stephen F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuhnel, Brigitte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thein, Swee Lay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menzel, Stephan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, JingPing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chakravarti, Aravinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melzer, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ouwehand, Willem H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levy, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singleton, Andrew B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hernandez, Dena G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longo, Dan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soranzo, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psaty, Bruce M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Donnell, Christopher J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganesh, Santhi K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multiple loci are associated with white blood cell phenotypes.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocyte Count</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multigene Family</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e1002113</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;White blood cell (WBC) count is a common clinical measure from complete blood count assays, and it varies widely among healthy individuals. Total WBC count and its constituent subtypes have been shown to be moderately heritable, with the heritability estimates varying across cell types. We studied 19,509 subjects from seven cohorts in a discovery analysis, and 11,823 subjects from ten cohorts for replication analyses, to determine genetic factors influencing variability within the normal hematological range for total WBC count and five WBC subtype measures. Cohort specific data was supplied by the CHARGE, HeamGen, and INGI consortia, as well as independent collaborative studies. We identified and replicated ten associations with total WBC count and five WBC subtypes at seven different genomic loci (total WBC count-6p21 in the HLA region, 17q21 near ORMDL3, and CSF3; neutrophil count-17q21; basophil count- 3p21 near RPN1 and C3orf27; lymphocyte count-6p21, 19p13 at EPS15L1; monocyte count-2q31 at ITGA4, 3q21, 8q24 an intergenic region, 9q31 near EDG2), including three previously reported associations and seven novel associations. To investigate functional relationships among variants contributing to variability in the six WBC traits, we utilized gene expression- and pathways-based analyses. We implemented gene-clustering algorithms to evaluate functional connectivity among implicated loci and showed functional relationships across cell types. Gene expression data from whole blood was utilized to show that significant biological consequences can be extracted from our genome-wide analyses, with effect estimates for significant loci from the meta-analyses being highly corellated with the proximal gene expression. In addition, collaborative efforts between the groups contributing to this study and related studies conducted by the COGENT and RIKEN groups allowed for the examination of effect homogeneity for genome-wide significant associations across populations of diverse ancestral backgrounds.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21738480?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>