<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pensiero, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cecchini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michieletto, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pelizzo, Gloria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madonia, Maurizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parentin, Fulvio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Congenital aplasia of the optic chiasm and esophageal atresia: a case report.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Med Case Rep</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Med Case Rep</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">335</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;INTRODUCTION: &lt;/b&gt;The complete absence of the chiasm (chiasmal aplasia) is a rare clinical condition. Hypoplasia of the optic nerve and congenital nystagmus are almost invariably associated characteristics. Microphthalmos or anophthalmos are common features in chiasmal aplasia, while central nervous system abnormalities are less frequent. Esophageal atresia can be isolated or syndromic. In syndromic cases, it is frequently associated with cardiac, limb, renal or vertebral malformations and anal atresia. More rarely, esophageal atresia can be part of anophthalmia-esophageal-genital syndrome, which comprises anophthalmia or microphthalmia, genital abnormalities, vertebral defects and cerebral malformations. Here, a previously unreported case of chiasmal aplasia presenting without microphthalmos and associated with esophageal atresia is described.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CASE PRESENTATION: &lt;/b&gt;Aplasia of the optic chiasm was identified in a Caucasian Italian 8-month-old boy with esophageal atresia. An ultrasound examination carried out at 21 weeks' gestation revealed polyhydramnios. Intrauterine growth retardation, esophageal atresia and a small atrial-septal defect were subsequently detected at 28 weeks' gestation. Repair of the esophageal atresia was carried out shortly after birth. A jejunostomy was carried out at four months to facilitate enteral feeding. The child was subsequently noted to be visually inattentive and to be neurodevelopmentally delayed. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed chiasmal aplasia. No other midline brain defects were found. His karyotype was normal.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;If achiasmia is a spectrum, our patient seems to depict the most severe form, since he appears to have an extremely severe visual impairment. This is in contrast to most of the cases described in the literature, where patients maintain good--or at least useful-- visual function. To the best of our knowledge, the association of optic nerve hypoplasia, complete chiasmal aplasia, esophageal atresia and atrial-septal defect, choanal atresia, hypertelorism and psychomotor retardation has never been described before.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21806818?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Silva, Silvana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parentin, Fulvio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michieletto, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pensiero, Stefano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corneal curvature and thickness development in premature infants.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corneal Pachymetry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eye</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gestational Age</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant, Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant, Premature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intraocular Pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premature Birth</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Jan-Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PURPOSE: &lt;/b&gt;Analysis of postnatal changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal curvature (CC) in premature infants, their relation, and their possible influence on eye growth and intraocular pressure (IOP) evaluation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;CCT and CC were assessed in both eyes of 56 premature infants, born at 24 to 32 weeks of gestational age (GA), and then two or three times at post-conceptional ages (PCAs) of 28 to 42 weeks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;CC changed from 65.83 diopters at 28 weeks of PCA to 49.38 diopters at 42 weeks of PCA. CCT decreased from 794 to 559 μm at the same ages. The reductions of these two corneal parameters seem to be related to each other and begin immediately after birth.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;In light of the few data available in the literature, these data provide more certainty about the CCT values of premature infants. The importance of CCT and CC fast variations after premature birth concerns both the knowledge of anterior segment development and the correct evaluation of IOP in immature eyes; the influence of these two parameters on the methods of IOP evaluation could be more remarkable at the lowest PCAs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20411870?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>