<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alberici, I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Manna, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennesi, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Starc, M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scozzola, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicolini, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toffolo, A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marra, G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chimenz, R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sica, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maringhini, S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monasta, L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montini, G</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">First urinary tract infections in children: the role of the risk factors proposed by the Italian recommendations.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Paediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Paediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">544-550</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;AIM: &lt;/b&gt;In 2009, the Italian society for paediatric nephrology suggested the need for cystography, following a first febrile urinary tract infection (UTI), only in children at high risk for dilating vesicoureteral reflux or in the event of a second infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adequacy of the risk factors proposed by the Italian guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Children aged 2-36 months, managed by 10 Italian hospitals between 2009 and 2013, with a first febrile UTI were retrospectively evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Four hundred and fourteen children were included: 51% female, mean age eight months. Escherichia coli was responsible of 84% UTIs. 269 children (65%) presented at least one risk factor, thus were further investigated: 44% had a reflux. The presence of a pathogen other than E. coli significantly predicted high-grade reflux, both in the univariate (Odd Ratio 2.52, 95% Confidence Interval 1.32-4.81, p &lt; 0.005) and multivariate analysis (OR 2.74, 95% CI: 1.39-5.41, p: 0.003). 26/145 children (18%) with no risk factors experienced a second UTI, which prompted the execution of cystography, showing a dilating reflux in 11.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;Among the risk factors proposed by the Italian guidelines, only the presence of a pathogen other than E. coli significantly predicted reflux. Cystography can be postponed in children with no risk factors.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30028535?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>