<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wedow, Robbee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Edward</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maghzian, Omeed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zacher, Meghan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen-Viet, Tuan Anh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidorenko, Julia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson Linnér, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kundu, Tushar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Chanwook</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Hui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Ruoxi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Royer, Rebecca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timshel, Pascal N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walters, Raymond K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willoughby, Emily A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alver, Maris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bao, Yanchun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, David W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furlotte, Nicholas A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kemper, Kathryn E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleinman, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langenberg, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trampush, Joey W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verma, Shefali Setia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lam, Max</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Jing Hua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zheng, Zhili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boardman, Jason D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freese, Jeremy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Kathleen Mullan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herd, Pamela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumari, Meena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lencz, Todd</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luan, Jian'an</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malhotra, Anil K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ong, Ken K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritchie, Marylyn D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smart, Melissa C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oskarsson, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Matthew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thom, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watson, Chelsea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turley, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23andMe Research Team</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COGENT (Cognitive Genomics Consortium)</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Science Genetic Association Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene discovery and polygenic prediction from a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in 1.1 million individuals.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1112-1121</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Here we conducted a large-scale genetic association analysis of educational attainment in a sample of approximately 1.1 million individuals and identify 1,271 independent genome-wide-significant SNPs. For the SNPs taken together, we found evidence of heterogeneous effects across environments. The SNPs implicate genes involved in brain-development processes and neuron-to-neuron communication. In a separate analysis of the X chromosome, we identify 10 independent genome-wide-significant SNPs and estimate a SNP heritability of around 0.3% in both men and women, consistent with partial dosage compensation. A joint (multi-phenotype) analysis of educational attainment and three related cognitive phenotypes generates polygenic scores that explain 11-13% of the variance in educational attainment and 7-10% of the variance in cognitive performance. This prediction accuracy substantially increases the utility of polygenic scores as tools in research.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30038396?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rietveld, Cornelius A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turley, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Guo-Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, S Fleur W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oskarsson, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pickrell, Joseph K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thom, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timshel, Pascal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vlaming, Ronald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellaoui, Abdel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacelis, Jonas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumbach, Clemens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjornsdottir, Gyda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandsma, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pina Concas, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derringer, Jaime</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furlotte, Nicholas A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galesloot, Tessel E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Richa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Leanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horikoshi, Momoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffman, Jennifer E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaasik, Kadri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalafati, Ioanna P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Augustine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Lee, Sven J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deLeeuw, 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Johannes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ware, Erin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisgaard, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bültmann, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gejman, Pablo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratten, Jacob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groenen, Patrick J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinds, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyppönen, Elina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iacono, William G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobsson, Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGue, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pendleton, Neil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Posthuma, Danielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sørensen, Thorkild I A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thurik, A Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krueger, Robert F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davey Smith, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bipolar Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational Biology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fetus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene-Environment Interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Great Britain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Annotation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 May 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">533</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">539-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7604</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27225129?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahali, Bratati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berndt, Sonja I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justice, Anne E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powell, Corey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buchkovich, Martin L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Croteau-Chonka, Damien C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fall, Tove</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustafsson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luan, Jian'an</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randall, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winkler, Thomas W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hua Zhao, Jing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fehrmann, Rudolf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hedman, Åsa K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karjalainen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Ellen M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Absher, Devin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, Denise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beekman, Marian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bolton, Jennifer L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buyske, 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face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristiansson, Kati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lim, Unhee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lotay, Vaneet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mateo Leach, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Gomez, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Cameron D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasko, Dorota</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pechlivanis, Sonali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Marjolein J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shungin, Dmitry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stančáková, Alena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strawbridge, Rona J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ju Sung, Yun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Laan, Sander W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Setten, Jessica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Zhaoming</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albrecht, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnlöv, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arscott, Gillian M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attwood, Antony P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, Amy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bas, Isabelita N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellis, Claire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, Amanda J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berne, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blagieva, Roza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blüher, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böhringer, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonnycastle, Lori L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böttcher, Yvonne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyd, Heather A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruinenberg, Marcel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspersen, Ida H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ida Chen, Yii-Der</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daw, E Warwick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Craen, Anton J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delgado, Graciela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dimitriou, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doney, Alex S F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estrada, Karol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eury, Elodie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folkersen, Lasse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fraser, Ross M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia, Melissa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geller, Frank</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giedraitis, Vilmantas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gigante, Bruna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Go, Alan S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Golay, Alain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goodall, Alison H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gordon, Scott D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grammer, Tanja B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gräßler, Jürgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grönberg, Henrik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groves, Christopher J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gusto, Gaëlle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haessler, Jeffrey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Per</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haller, Toomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hallmans, Goran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartman, Catharina A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassinen, Maija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heard-Costa, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Quinta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hengstenberg, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holmen, Oddgeir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James, Alan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeff, Janina M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jolley, Jennifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliusdottir, Thorhildur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinnunen, Leena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koskenvuo, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kratzer, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laitinen, Jaana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamina, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leander, Karin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Nanette R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtner, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindström, Jaana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sin Lo, Ken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lobbens, Stéphane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorbeer, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Yingchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mach, François</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahajan, Anubha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Wendy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McLachlan, Stela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menni, 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face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin N A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérusse, Louis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Ulrike</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quertermous, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rauramaa, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saaristo, Timo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saleheen, Danish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sattar, Naveed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schadt, Eric E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slagboom, P Eline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuomilehto, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uusitupa, Matti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walker, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallaschofski, Henri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watkins, Hugh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanen, Pieter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abecasis, Goncalo R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Mark I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scherag, André</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willer, Cristen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehnke, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beckmann, Jacques S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barroso, Inês</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speliotes, Elizabeth K</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADIPOGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGEN-BMI Working Group</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CKDGen consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLGC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAGIC Investigators</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MuTHER Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MIGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAGE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ReproGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENIE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Endogene Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adiposity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continental Population Groups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energy Metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutamic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synapses</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Feb 12</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">197-206</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P &lt; 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for &gt;20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7538</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673413?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shungin, Dmitry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winkler, Thomas W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Croteau-Chonka, Damien C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strawbridge, Rona J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Krista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justice, Anne E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Joseph M W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buchkovich, Martin L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heard-Costa, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roman, Tamara S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drong, Alexander W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Song, Ci</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustafsson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fall, Tove</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luan, Jian'an</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randall, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scherag, André</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fehrmann, Rudolf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karjalainen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahali, Bratati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Ching-Ti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Ellen M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Absher, Devin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, Denise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beekman, Marian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buyske, Steven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehret, Georg B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goel, Anuj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jackson, Anne U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Toby</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleber, Marcus E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristiansson, Kati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mateo Leach, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Gomez, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Cameron D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasko, Dorota</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pechlivanis, Sonali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Marjolein J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stančáková, Alena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ju Sung, Yun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albrecht, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnlöv, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arscott, Gillian M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, Amy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellis, Claire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, Amanda J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berne, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blüher, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böhringer, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonnet, Fabrice</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böttcher, Yvonne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruinenberg, Marcel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carba, Delia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspersen, Ida H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daw, E Warwick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deelen, Joris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deelman, Ewa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delgado, Graciela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doney, Alex S F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erdos, Michael R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estrada, Karol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eury, Elodie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friedrich, Nele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia, Melissa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giedraitis, Vilmantas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gigante, Bruna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Go, Alan S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Golay, Alain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grammer, Tanja B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gräßler, Jürgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grewal, Jagvir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groves, Christopher J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haller, Toomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hallmans, Goran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartman, Catharina A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassinen, Maija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heikkilä, Kauko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herzig, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Quinta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillege, Hans L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holmen, Oddgeir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunt, Steven C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ittermann, Till</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James, Alan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Ingegerd</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliusdottir, Thorhildur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinnunen, Leena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Ishminder K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kratzer, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamina, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leander, Karin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Nanette R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtner, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindström, Jaana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lobbens, Stéphane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorentzon, Mattias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mach, François</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahajan, Anubha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Wendy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menni, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merger, Sigrun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mills, Rebecca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moayyeri, Alireza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monda, Keri L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mooijaart, Simon P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mühleisen, Thomas W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulas, Antonella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller-Nurasyid, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagaraja, Ramaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narisu, Narisu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glorioso, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rayner, Nigel W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renstrom, Frida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ried, Janina S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robertson, Neil R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanna, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scharnagl, Hubert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scholtens, Salome</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sennblad, Bengt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seufferlein, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sitlani, Colleen M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernon Smith, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stirrups, Kathleen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stringham, Heather M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundström, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertz, Morris A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swift, Amy J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syvänen, Ann-Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayo, Bamidele O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorand, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorleifsson, Gudmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomaschitz, Andreas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Troffa, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Oort, Floor V A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonk, Judith M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waite, Lindsay L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wennauer, Roman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilsgaard, Tom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wojczynski, Mary K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wong, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Qunyuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hua Zhao, Jing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brennan, Eoin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choi, Murim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Per</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folkersen, Lasse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco-Cereceda, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gharavi, Ali G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hedman, Åsa K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hivert, Marie-France</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Jinyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanoni, 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font="default" size="100%">Cauchi, Stéphane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulfield, Mark J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, Richard S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamsten, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hui, Jennie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hveem, Kristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kivimaki, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuh, Diana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laakso, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Njølstad, Inger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin N A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy 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C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunter, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaplan, Robert C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qi, Lu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willer, Cristen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zillikens, M Carola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Mark I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speliotes, Elizabeth K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barroso, Inês</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franks, Paul W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cupples, L Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADIPOGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CKDGen consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GEFOS Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENIE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLGC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Endogene Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAGIC Investigators</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MuTHER Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAGE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ReproGen Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipose Tissue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Fat Distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continental Population Groups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epigenesis, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin Resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Biological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neovascularization, Physiologic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waist-Hip Ratio</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Feb 12</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">187-96</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P &lt; 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7538</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673412?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Matthew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemani, Gibran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Gomez, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mezzavilla, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shakhbazov, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powell, Joseph E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berndt, Sonja I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustafsson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justice, Anne E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahali, Bratati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rheenen, Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreassen, Ole A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berg, Leonard H van den</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veldink, Jan H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werge, Thomas M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abecasis, Goncalo R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Geus, Eco J C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Timothy D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speliotes, Elizabeth K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goddard, Michael E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population genetic differentiation of height and body mass index across Europe.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1357-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Across-nation differences in the mean values for complex traits are common, but the reasons for these differences are unknown. Here we find that many independent loci contribute to population genetic differences in height and body mass index (BMI) in 9,416 individuals across 14 European countries. Using discovery data on over 250,000 individuals and unbiased effect size estimates from 17,500 sibling pairs, we estimate that 24% (95% credible interval (CI) = 9%, 41%) and 8% (95% CI = 4%, 16%) of the captured additive genetic variance for height and BMI, respectively, reflect population genetic differences. Population genetic divergence differed significantly from that in a null model (height, P &lt; 3.94 × 10(-8); BMI, P &lt; 5.95 × 10(-4)), and we find an among-population genetic correlation for tall and slender individuals (r = -0.80, 95% CI = -0.95, -0.60), consistent with correlated selection for both phenotypes. Observed differences in height among populations reflected the predicted genetic means (r = 0.51; P &lt; 0.001), but environmental differences across Europe masked genetic differentiation for BMI (P &lt; 0.58).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366552?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McQuillan, Ruth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuningas, Maris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McEvoy, Brian P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corre, Tanguy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaakinen, Marika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristiansson, Kati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Havulinna, Aki S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gögele, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tenesa, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulchenko, Yurii</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boraska, Vesna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zgaga, Lina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theodoratou, Evropi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lopez, Lorna M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laatikainen, Tiina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kals, Mart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pouta, Anneli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estrada, Karol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freimer, Nelson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heliövaara, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vartiainen, Erkki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Räikkönen, Katri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masciullo, Corrado</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Starr, John M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicks, Andrew A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esposito, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farrington, Susan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirin, Mirna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pehlic, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faletra, Flavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widen, Elisabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koskinen, Seppo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Krista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Mark I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madden, Pamela A F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nicholas D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunlop, Malcolm</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jula, Antti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ROHgen Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evidence of inbreeding depression on human height.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Height</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Consanguinity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Databases, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Family</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genes, Recessive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Heterogeneity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait, Heritable</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e1002655</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Stature is a classical and highly heritable complex trait, with 80%-90% of variation explained by genetic factors. In recent years, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully identified many common additive variants influencing human height; however, little attention has been given to the potential role of recessive genetic effects. Here, we investigated genome-wide recessive effects by an analysis of inbreeding depression on adult height in over 35,000 people from 21 different population samples. We found a highly significant inverse association between height and genome-wide homozygosity, equivalent to a height reduction of up to 3 cm in the offspring of first cousins compared with the offspring of unrelated individuals, an effect which remained after controlling for the effects of socio-economic status, an important confounder (χ(2) = 83.89, df = 1; p = 5.2 × 10(-20)). There was, however, a high degree of heterogeneity among populations: whereas the direction of the effect was consistent across most population samples, the effect size differed significantly among populations. It is likely that this reflects true biological heterogeneity: whether or not an effect can be observed will depend on both the variance in homozygosity in the population and the chance inheritance of individual recessive genotypes. These results predict that multiple, rare, recessive variants influence human height. Although this exploratory work focuses on height alone, the methodology developed is generally applicable to heritable quantitative traits (QT), paving the way for an investigation into inbreeding effects, and therefore genetic architecture, on a range of QT of biomedical importance.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22829771?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stolk, Lisette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He, Chunyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulem, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbalic, Maja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broer, Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byrne, Enda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franceschini, Nora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudbjartsson, Daniel F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Patrick F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porcu, Eleonora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shin, So-Youn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Wingerden, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhai, Guangju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhuang, Wei V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albrecht, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alizadeh, Behrooz Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lauc, Lovorka Barac</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beckmann, Jacques S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broekmans, Frank J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burri, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanock, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Constance</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corre, Tanguy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coviello, Andrea D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Faire, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Geus, Eco J C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George V Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panagiotis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ebrahim, Shah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fauser, Bart C J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreli, Liana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Krista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folsom, Aaron R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia, Melissa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glazer, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grobbee, Diederick E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Per</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haller, Toomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hankinson, Susan E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hass, Merli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Janssens, A Cecile J W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karasik, 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size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zgaga, Lina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zillikens, M Carola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zygmunt, Marek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnold, Alice M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buring, Julie E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crisponi, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demerath, Ellen W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunter, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanna, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streeten, Elizabeth A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uda, Manuela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murabito, Joanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visser, Jenny A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lunetta, Kathryn L</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meta-analyses identify 13 loci associated with age at menopause and highlight DNA repair and immune pathways.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Helicases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Primase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Repair</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Repair Enzymes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Continental Ancestry Group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exodeoxyribonucleases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menopause</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteins</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">260-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;To newly identify loci for age at natural menopause, we carried out a meta-analysis of 22 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in 38,968 women of European descent, with replication in up to 14,435 women. In addition to four known loci, we identified 13 loci newly associated with age at natural menopause (at P &lt; 5 × 10(-8)). Candidate genes located at these newly associated loci include genes implicated in DNA repair (EXO1, HELQ, UIMC1, FAM175A, FANCI, TLK1, POLG and PRIM1) and immune function (IL11, NLRP11 and PRRC2A (also known as BAT2)). Gene-set enrichment pathway analyses using the full GWAS data set identified exoDNase, NF-κB signaling and mitochondrial dysfunction as biological processes related to timing of menopause.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22267201?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>