<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naviglio, Samuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lacorte, Doriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucafò, Marianna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cifù, Adriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Favretto, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cuzzoni, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvestri, Tania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pozzi Mucelli, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radillo, Oriano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decorti, Giuliana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabris, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bramuzzo, Matteo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stocco, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvisi, Patrizia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martelossi, Stefano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causes of Treatment Failure in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Infliximab: A Pharmacokinetic Study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">68</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-44</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;Anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies have led to a revolution in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); however, a sizable proportion of patients does not respond to therapy. There is increasing evidence suggesting that treatment failure may be classified as mechanistic (pharmacodynamic), pharmacokinetic, or immune-mediated. Data regarding the contribution of these factors in children with IBD treated with infliximab (IFX) are still incomplete. The aim was to assess the causes of treatment failure in a prospective cohort of pediatric patients treated with IFX.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;This observational study considered 49 pediatric (median age 14.4) IBD patients (34 Crohn disease, 15 ulcerative colitis) treated with IFX. Serum samples were collected at 6, 14, 22 and 54 weeks, before IFX infusions. IFX and anti-infliximab antibodies (AIA) were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Disease activity was determined by Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index or Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Clinical remission, defined as a clinical score &lt;10, was obtained by 76.3% of patients at week 14 and by 73.9% at week 54. Median trough IFX concentration was higher at all time points in patients achieving sustained clinical remission. IFX levels during maintenance correlated also with C-reactive protein, albumin, and fecal calprotectin. After multivariate analysis, IFX concentration at week 14 &gt;3.11 μg/mL emerged as the strongest predictor of sustained clinical remission. AIA concentrations were correlated inversely with IFX concentrations and directly with adverse reactions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Most cases of therapeutic failure were associated with low serum drug levels. IFX trough levels at the end of induction are associated with sustained long-term response.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30211845?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rossetto, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matarazzo, Lorenza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maschio, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Child with Severe Developmental Delay and Growth Retardation.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">241-241.e1</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27266964?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastore, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrara, Giovanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monasta, Lorenzo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meini, Antonella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cattalini, Marco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martino, Silvana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alessio, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">La Torre, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teruzzi, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerloni, Valeria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breda, Luciana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lepore, Loredana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis may be associated with renal disease and bisphosphonates are a good option for the majority of patients.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Paediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Paediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">105</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e328-33</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;AIM: &lt;/b&gt;The aim of this Italian study was to describe the clinical features, treatment options and outcomes of a cohort of patients with chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;This was a retrospective cohort study. Laboratory data, diagnostic imaging, histological features and clinical course are reported.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;We enrolled 47 patients diagnosed with CNO. Bone pain was the leading symptom, and multifocal disease was present in 87% of the patients. The majority of the bone lesions were located in the appendicular skeleton (58%). Extraosseous manifestations were present in 34% of the patients, and renal involvement was detected in four patients. Inflammatory indices were increased in 80%, and bone x-rays were negative in 15% of the patients. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were the first therapy for all patients, achieving clinical remission in 27%. A good response to NSAIDs was significantly associated with a better prognosis. Bisphosphonates were used in 26 patients, with remission in 73%. Only six patients (13%), all with spine involvement, developed sequelae.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;We found a possible association between CNO and renal disease. Bisphosphonates were more likely to lead to clinical remission when NSAIDs and corticosteroids had failed. Vertebral localisation was the only risk factor for potential sequelae.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27059298?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copetti, Valentina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastore, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Pieri, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radillo, Oriano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tommasini, Alberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical significance of hyper-IgA in a paediatric laboratory series.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Dis Child</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Dis. Child.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospitals, Pediatric</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypergammaglobulinemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunoglobulin A</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tertiary Care Centers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1114-6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The causes of extremely elevated IgA, whether isolated or associated with an increase in other classes of immunoglobulin, are poorly defined in paediatrics. We reviewed the diagnostic significance of very high IgA levels (greater than 3 SD above the mean for age) in a cohort of patients referred to a tertiary care children's hospital. Hyper-IgA was found in 91 of 6364 subjects (1.4%) and in 68 cases was not associated with an increased IgG and/or IgM level. Most subjects with hyper-IgA (73.5%) had a severe immune defect, a chronic rheumatic disease or inflammatory bowel disease, while these conditions were very rare in a control group with normal IgA values (8%). Although our results may in part reflect the experience of a tertiary care centre, we suggest that hyper-IgA in children should always arouse suspicion of a serious disease.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25053738?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massaro, Marta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronfani, Luca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrara, Giovanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badina, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giorgi, Rita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D'Osualdo, Flavio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbi, Egidio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A comparison of three scales for measuring pain in children with cognitive impairment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Paediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acta Paediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e495-500</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;AIM: &lt;/b&gt;Pain is a neglected problem in children with cognitive impairments, and few studies compare the clinical use of specific pain scales. We compared the Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist Postoperative Version (NCCPC-PV), the Echelle Douleur Enfant San Salvador (DESS) and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS). The first two were developed for children with cognitive impairment, and the third is a more general pain scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Two external observers and the child's caregiver assessed 40 children with cognitive impairment for pain levels. We assessed inter-rater agreement, correlation, dependence on knowledge of the child's behaviour, simplicity and adequacy in pain rating according to the caregiver for all three scales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;The correlation between the NCCPC-PV and the DESS was strong (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.76) and better than between each scale and the CHEOPS. Although the DESS showed better inter-rater agreement, it was more dependent on familiarity with the child and was judged more difficult to use by all observers. The NCCPC-PV was the easiest use and the most appropriate for rating the child's pain.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSION: &lt;/b&gt;The NCCPC-PV was the easiest to use for pain assessment in cognitively impaired children and should be adopted in clinical settings.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25040148?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cimaz, Rolando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caputo, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Libero, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Grande, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simonini, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mori, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novembre, Elio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pucci, Neri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childhood chronic anterior uveitis associated with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC): successful treatment with topical tacrolimus. Case series.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatr Rheumatol Online J</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatr Rheumatol Online J</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Uveitis treatment involves topical corticosteroids along with cycloplegic-mydriatics. Particularly severe cases may require systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) treatment consists of a brief period of topical corticosteroids and/or cyclosporine. In patients refractory to traditional treatment, the use of 0.1% topical ophtalmic FK- 506 (tacrolimus) ointment has been occasionally reported.This is the first report of the coexistence of uveitis and VKC. The documented response to topical tacrolimus eyedrop of uveitis and VKC is also of interest, in particular since to our knowledge there are no published reports on its clinical use in uveitis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22047067?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mazza, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buzi, Fabio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ortolani, Federica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitali, Alberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Notarangelo, Lucia D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weber, Giovanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacchetta, Rosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soresina, Annarosa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lougaris, Vassilios</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greggio, Nella A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasic, Srdjan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vroede, Monique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pac, Malgorzata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kilic, Sara Sebnem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozden, Sanal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rusconi, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martino, Silvana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capalbo, Donatella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salerno, Mariacarolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pignata, Claudio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radetti, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maggiore, Giuseppe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plebani, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Notarangelo, Luigi D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Badolato, Raffaele</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical heterogeneity and diagnostic delay of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy syndrome.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Immunol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin. Immunol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heterozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyendocrinopathies, Autoimmune</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6-11</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare autosomal recessive organ-specific autoimmune disorder that is characterized by a variable combination of (i) chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, (ii) polyendocrinopathy and/or hepatitis and (iii) dystrophy of the dental enamel and nails. We analyzed the AIRE (autoimmune regulator) gene in subjects who presented any symptom that has been associated with APECED, including candidiasis and autoimmune endocrinopathy. We observed that 83.3% of patients presented at least two of the three typical manifestations of APECED, while the remaining 16.7% of patients showed other signs of the disease. Analysis of the genetic diagnosis of these subjects revealed that a considerable delay occurs in the majority of patients between the appearance of symptoms and the diagnosis. Overall, the mean diagnostic delay in our patients was 10.2 years. These results suggest that molecular analysis of AIRE should be performed in patients with relapsing mucocutaneous candidiasis for early identification of APECED.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21295522?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>