<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mijatovic, Vladan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garnaas, Maija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Yong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taliun, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, Meredith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ko, Yi-An</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayo, Bamidele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adeyemo, Adebowale</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dieffenbach, Aida Karina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zonderman, Alan B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morrison, Alanna C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dreisbach, Albert W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Andre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupo, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kollerits, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freedman, Barry I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponte, Belen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulweber, Bernhard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krämer, Bernhard K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Braxton D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peralta, Carmen A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotimi, Charles N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaffer, Christian M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saint-Pierre, Aude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ackermann, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shriner, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Yingchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Czamara, Darina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellinghaus, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscovick, David S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruderfer, Douglas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochtchina, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atkinson, Elizabeth J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvi, Erika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murgia, Federico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kronenberg, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navis, Gerjan J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehret, George B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coassin, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thun, Gian-Andri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambaro, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malerba, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, Gunnar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallaschofski, Henri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brenner, Hermann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, Heyo K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kramer, Holly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Honghuang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leach, I Mateo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guessous, Idris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persico, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, Janine F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Divers, Jasmin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambert, Jean-Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stafford, Jeanette M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaspoz, Jean-Michel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jie Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitfield, John B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chalmers, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denny, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karjalainen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, Jyotika K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endlich, Karlhans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Butterbach, Katja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keene, Keith L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kedenko, Lyudmyla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao, Madhumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Struchalin, Maksim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleber, Marcus E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalieri, Margherita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haun, Margot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Andrade, Mariza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McEvoy, Mark A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodward, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cocca, Massimiliano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imboden, Medea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruijm, Menno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metzger, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Michele K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sale, Michele M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rheinberger, Myriam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouatia-Naji, Nabila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soranzo, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devuyst, Olivier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gottesman, Omri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, Oscar H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muntner, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smit, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovacs, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Philipp S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffar, Reiner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middelberg, Rita P S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carroll, Robert J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katz, Ronit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sedaghat, Sanaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hwang, Shih-Jen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enroth, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kloiber, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stengel, Bénédicte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hancock, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turner, Stephen T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosas, Sylvia E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stracke, Sylvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeller, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikopensius, Tiit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aalto, Ville</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chouraki, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Wei-Min</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lieb, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susztak, Katalin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamet, Pavel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremblay, Johanne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Boer, Ian H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goessling, Wolfram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGEN Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CardioGram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHARGe-Heart Failure Group</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EchoGen consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic associations at 53 loci highlight cell types and biological pathways relevant for kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Commun</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Commun</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renal Insufficiency, Chronic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10023</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Reduced glomerular filtration rate defines chronic kidney disease and is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), combining data across 133,413 individuals with replication in up to 42,166 individuals. We identify 24 new and confirm 29 previously identified loci. Of these 53 loci, 19 associate with eGFR among individuals with diabetes. Using bioinformatics, we show that identified genes at eGFR loci are enriched for expression in kidney tissues and in pathways relevant for kidney development and transmembrane transporter activity, kidney structure, and regulation of glucose metabolism. Chromatin state mapping and DNase I hypersensitivity analyses across adult tissues demonstrate preferential mapping of associated variants to regulatory regions in kidney but not extra-renal tissues. These findings suggest that genetic determinants of eGFR are mediated largely through direct effects within the kidney and highlight important cell types and biological pathways.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26831199?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rietveld, Cornelius A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turley, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Guo-Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, S Fleur W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oskarsson, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pickrell, Joseph K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thom, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timshel, Pascal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vlaming, Ronald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellaoui, Abdel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacelis, Jonas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumbach, Clemens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjornsdottir, Gyda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandsma, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pina Concas, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derringer, Jaime</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furlotte, Nicholas A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galesloot, Tessel E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Richa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Leanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horikoshi, Momoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffman, Jennifer E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaasik, Kadri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalafati, Ioanna P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Augustine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Lee, Sven J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deLeeuw, Christiaan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Penelope A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Karl-Oskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Tian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marten, Jonathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Michael B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldmeadow, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Payton, Antony</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pervjakova, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peyrot, Wouter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qian, Yong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rueedi, Rico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvi, Erika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Börge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schraut, Katharina E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shi, Jianxin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poot, Raymond A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">St Pourcain, Beate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorleifsson, Gudmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wellmann, Juergen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Westra, Harm-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jingyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Zhihong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alizadeh, Behrooz Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakshi, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumeister, Sebastian E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biino, Ginevra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bønnelykke, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyle, Patricia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cappuccio, Francesco P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demuth, Ilja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eibich, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eisele, Lewin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, David M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forstner, Andreas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnarsson, Bjarni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Halldórsson, Bjarni V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hocking, Lynne J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horan, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Jager, Philip L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jugessur, Astanand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaakinen, Marika A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanoni, Stavroula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koskinen, Seppo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraja, Aldi T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroh, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latvala, Antti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebreton, Maël P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levinson, Douglas F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtenstein, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtner, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liewald, David C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loukola, Anu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madden, Pamela A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mäki-Opas, Tomi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marioni, Riccardo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marques-Vidal, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, Gerardus A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMahon, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milaneschi, Yusplitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myhre, Ronny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, Christopher P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nyholt, Dale R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ollier, William E R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palotie, Aarno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paternoster, Lavinia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petrovic, Katja E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Räikkönen, Katri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ring, Susan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rostapshova, Olga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rustichini, Aldo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarin, Antti-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staessen, Jan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terracciano, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tobin, Martin D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccargiu, Simona</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaye, Lydia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rooij, Frank J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venturini, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonk, Judith M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waage, Johannes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ware, Erin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisgaard, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bültmann, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gejman, Pablo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratten, Jacob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groenen, Patrick J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinds, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyppönen, Elina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iacono, William G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobsson, Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGue, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pendleton, Neil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Posthuma, Danielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sørensen, Thorkild I A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thurik, A Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krueger, Robert F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davey Smith, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bipolar Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational Biology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fetus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene-Environment Interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Great Britain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Annotation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 May 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">533</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">539-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7604</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27225129?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mattsson, Hannele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutile, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jackson, Anne U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schurmann, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Yukinori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stančáková, Alena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bartz, Traci M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Concas, Maria Pina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franceschini, Nora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enroth, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, Xiuqing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connel, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corre, Tanguy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nongmaithem, Suraj S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Yuning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traglia, Michela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kacprowski, Tim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjonnes, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Spek, Ashley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Ying</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giri, Anil K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yanek, Lisa R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Lihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rietveld, Cornelius A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McLeod, Olga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumbach, Clemens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellaoui, Abdel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warren, Helen R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mei, Hao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouchard, Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cappellani, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirza, Saira S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benton, Miles C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broeckel, Ulrich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Penelope A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malerba, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drong, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bielak, Lawrence F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhi, Degui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shriner, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemani, Gibran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karaderi, Tugce</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Zhaoming</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Tian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demuth, Ilja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Jing Hua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meng, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lataniotis, Lazaros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Laan, Sander W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bradfield, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonnefond, Amelie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Leanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvi, Erika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yazar, Seyhan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carstensen, Lisbeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Haan, Hugoline G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abney, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afzal, Uzma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allison, Matthew A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asselbergs, Folkert W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakker, Stephan J L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barr, R Graham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumeister, Sebastian E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergmann, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Archie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chakravarti, Aravinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chan, Yingleong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanock, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Constance</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Y-D Ida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, Francis S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Connell, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Correa, Adolfo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cupples, L Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, George Davey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dörr, Marcus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehret, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellis, Stephen B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feenstra, Bjarke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friedrich, Nele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geller, Frank</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scotland, Generation</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gillham-Nasenya, Irina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gottesman, Omri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graff, Misa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grodstein, Francine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gu, Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haley, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hammond, Christopher J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nicholas D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heard-Costa, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heikkilä, Kauko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hocking, Lynne J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Jinyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffman, Jennifer E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hysi, Pirro G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ikram, M Arfan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joensuu, Anni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jousilahti, Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamatani, Yoichiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanoni, Stavroula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kerr, Shona M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khan, Nazir M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koistinen, Heikki A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Manraj K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kubo, Michiaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuusisto, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lea, Rodney A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehne, Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liewald, David C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loh, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lokki, Marja-Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">London, Stephanie J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loomis, Stephanie J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loukola, Anu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Yingchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lumley, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lundqvist, Annamari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Männistö, Satu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marques-Vidal, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masciullo, Corrado</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matchan, Angela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathias, Rasika A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsuda, Koichi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meigs, James B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menni, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mentch, Frank D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montasser, May E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morrison, Alanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myers, Richard H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadukuru, Rajiv</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navarro, Pau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelis, Mari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nieminen, Markku S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connor, George T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ogunniyi, Adesola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Padmanabhan, Sandosh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmas, Walter R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pankow, James S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patarcic, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavani, Francesca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peyser, Patricia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pietilainen, Kirsi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poulter, Neil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ralhan, Sarju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redmond, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rich, Stephen S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rissanen, Harri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salako, Babatunde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarin, Antti-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saxena, Richa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Laura J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, William R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sennblad, Bengt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seshadri, Sudha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sever, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrestha, Smeeta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soranzo, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sotoodehnia, Nona</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Southam, Lorraine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanton, Alice V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stathopoulou, Maria G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strawbridge, Rona J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suderman, Matthew J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tandon, Nikhil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tang, Sian-Tsun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taylor, Kent D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayo, Bamidele O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Töglhofer, Anna Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomaszewski, Maciej</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tšernikova, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuomilehto, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaidya, Dhananjay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Setten, Jessica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasankari, Tuula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vlachopoulou, Efthymia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuoksimaa, Eero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ware, Erin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wentworth-Shields, William</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitfield, John B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yajnik, Chittaranjan S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yao, Jie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaza, Gianluigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Xiaofeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rany M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melbye, Mads</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisgaard, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mackey, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, Richard S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasterkamp, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grant, Struan F A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hakonarson, Hakon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Robert A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin N A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindenberger, Ulman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berndt, Sonja I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sørensen, Thorkild I A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotimi, Charles N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnett, Donna K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldehinkel, Albertine J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balkau, Beverley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambaro, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Margie J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunt, Steven C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Starr, John M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griffiths, Lyn R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérusse, Louis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulfield, Mark J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicks, Andrew A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinisalo, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knekt, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamsten, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vartiainen, Erkki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Becker, Diane M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehnke, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanghera, Dharambir K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeggini, Eleftheria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ober, Carole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupuis, Josée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandak, Giriraj R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotter, Jerome I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sattar, Naveed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psaty, Bruce M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laakso, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Takahashi, Atsushi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Jaspal S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BioBank Japan Project</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Directional dominance on stature and cognition in diverse human populations.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Evolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Height</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cholesterol, LDL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forced Expiratory Volume</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lung Volume Measurements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenotype</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Jul 23</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">523</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">459-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Homozygosity has long been associated with rare, often devastating, Mendelian disorders, and Darwin was one of the first to recognize that inbreeding reduces evolutionary fitness. However, the effect of the more distant parental relatedness that is common in modern human populations is less well understood. Genomic data now allow us to investigate the effects of homozygosity on traits of public health importance by observing contiguous homozygous segments (runs of homozygosity), which are inferred to be homozygous along their complete length. Given the low levels of genome-wide homozygosity prevalent in most human populations, information is required on very large numbers of people to provide sufficient power. Here we use runs of homozygosity to study 16 health-related quantitative traits in 354,224 individuals from 102 cohorts, and find statistically significant associations between summed runs of homozygosity and four complex traits: height, forced expiratory lung volume in one second, general cognitive ability and educational attainment (P &lt; 1 × 10(-300), 2.1 × 10(-6), 2.5 × 10(-10) and 1.8 × 10(-10), respectively). In each case, increased homozygosity was associated with decreased trait value, equivalent to the offspring of first cousins being 1.2 cm shorter and having 10 months' less education. Similar effect sizes were found across four continental groups and populations with different degrees of genome-wide homozygosity, providing evidence that homozygosity, rather than confounding, directly contributes to phenotypic variance. Contrary to earlier reports in substantially smaller samples, no evidence was seen of an influence of genome-wide homozygosity on blood pressure and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, or ten other cardio-metabolic traits. Since directional dominance is predicted for traits under directional evolutionary selection, this study provides evidence that increased stature and cognitive function have been positively selected in human evolution, whereas many important risk factors for late-onset complex diseases may not have been.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7561</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26131930?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albrecht, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krumsiek, Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hundertmark, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Seaghdha, Conall M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haller, Toomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shi, Julia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Struchalin, Maksim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middelberg, Rita P S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown, Morris J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaffo, Angelo L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffman, Jennifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Jing Hua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Xuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malerba, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lopez, Lorna M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Xinzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleber, Marcus E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicks, Andrew A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murgia, Federico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakker, Stephan J L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peden, John F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steri, Maristella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tenesa, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagou, Vasiliki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salo, Perttu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodward, Owen M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Yukinori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldmeadow, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putku, Margus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Czamara, Darina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frogheri, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thun, Gian Andri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grotevendt, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gislason, Gauti Kjartan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schallert, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kubo, Michiaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nakamura, Yusuke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshihiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Kiang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotter, Jerome I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psaty, Bruce M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waeber, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Susan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devuyst, Olivier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navarro, Pau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nicholas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balkau, Beverley</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salumets, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khaw, Kay Tee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langenberg, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraja, Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Qunyuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Philipp S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Org, Elin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viigimaa, Margus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metter, Jeffrey E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupo, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trabetti, Elisabetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Döring, Angela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lattka, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theis, Fabian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gow, Alan J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruinenberg, Marcel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stolk, Ronald P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Jaspal S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winkelmann, Bernhard R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehm, Bernhard O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucae, Susanne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smit, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudgal, Poorva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plenge, Robert M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persico, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kirin, Mirna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mateo Leach, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Gilst, Wiek H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goel, Anuj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ongen, Halit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imboden, Medea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">von Eckardstein, Arnold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagaraja, Ramaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piras, Maria Grazia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schurmann, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budde, Kathrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farrington, Susan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Theodoratou, Evropi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jula, Antti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shin, So-Youn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hengstenberg, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, Christopher P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meschia, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, Pankaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Singleton, Andrew B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamatani, Naoyuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeller, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burnier, Michel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laan, Maris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Klopp, Norman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hillege, Hans L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kloiber, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choi, Hyon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tore, Silvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitfield, John B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fornage, Myriam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscovick, David S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouatia-Naji, Nabila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambaro, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wolffenbuttel, Bruce H R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navis, Gerjan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watkins, Hugh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanna, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schipf, Sabine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunlop, Malcolm G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ripatti, Samuli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soranzo, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulfield, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIoGRAM Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DIAGRAM Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAGIC Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association analyses identify 18 new loci associated with serum urate concentrations.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Variance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Continental Ancestry Group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gout</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Signal Transduction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uric Acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">45</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">145-54</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Elevated serum urate concentrations can cause gout, a prevalent and painful inflammatory arthritis. By combining data from &gt;140,000 individuals of European ancestry within the Global Urate Genetics Consortium (GUGC), we identified and replicated 28 genome-wide significant loci in association with serum urate concentrations (18 new regions in or near TRIM46, INHBB, SFMBT1, TMEM171, VEGFA, BAZ1B, PRKAG2, STC1, HNF4G, A1CF, ATXN2, UBE2Q2, IGF1R, NFAT5, MAF, HLF, ACVR1B-ACVRL1 and B3GNT4). Associations for many of the loci were of similar magnitude in individuals of non-European ancestry. We further characterized these loci for associations with gout, transcript expression and the fractional excretion of urate. Network analyses implicate the inhibins-activins signaling pathways and glucose metabolism in systemic urate control. New candidate genes for serum urate concentration highlight the importance of metabolic control of urate production and excretion, which may have implications for the treatment and prevention of gout.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23263486?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garnaas, Maija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taliun, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gao, Xiaoyi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hundertmark, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, Meredith C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Seaghdha, Conall M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glazer, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Ching-Ti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Struchalin, Maksim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gierman, Hinco J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hwang, Shih-Jen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atkinson, Elizabeth J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chouraki, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deshmukh, Harshal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murgia, Federico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imboden, Medea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kollerits, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Braxton D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalieri, Margherita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao, Madhumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Andrade, Mariza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turner, Stephen T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrews, Jeanette S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freedman, Barry I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Döring, Angela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minelli, Cosetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wheeler, Heather E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaboli, Ghazal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellinghaus, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nöthlings, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, Gunnar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffar, Reiner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endlich, Karlhans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, Heyo K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stracke, Sylvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovacs, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulchenko, Yurii S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jie Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergmann, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikopensius, Tiit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketkar, Shamika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colhoun, Helen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doney, Alex</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulianini, Franco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krämer, Bernhard K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thun, Gian-Andri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulweber, Bernhard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haun, Margot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metzger, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Stuart K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kronenberg, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscovick, David S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Andre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goessling, Wolfram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIoGRAM Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARe Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2)</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association and functional follow-up reveals new loci for kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">African Americans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspase 9</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclin-Dependent Kinases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DEAD-box RNA Helicases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Helicases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Continental Ancestry Group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Knockdown Techniques</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glomerular Filtration Rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney Failure, Chronic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zebrafish</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e1002584</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important public health problem with a genetic component. We performed genome-wide association studies in up to 130,600 European ancestry participants overall, and stratified for key CKD risk factors. We uncovered 6 new loci in association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the primary clinical measure of CKD, in or near MPPED2, DDX1, SLC47A1, CDK12, CASP9, and INO80. Morpholino knockdown of mpped2 and casp9 in zebrafish embryos revealed podocyte and tubular abnormalities with altered dextran clearance, suggesting a role for these genes in renal function. By providing new insights into genes that regulate renal function, these results could further our understanding of the pathogenesis of CKD.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22479191?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endlich, Karlhans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taliun, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gao, Xiaoyi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hundertmark, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, Meredith C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Seaghdha, Conall M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glazer, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Ching-Ti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Struchalin, Maksim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gierman, Hinco J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hwang, Shih-Jen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atkinson, Elizabeth J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambert, Jean-Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deshmukh, Harshal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murgia, Federico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imboden, Medea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coassin, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Braxton D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalieri, Margherita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao, Madhumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Andrade, Mariza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turner, Stephen T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrews, Jeanette S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freedman, Barry I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulianini, Franco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zgaga, Lina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minelli, Cosetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wheeler, Heather E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaboli, Ghazal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellinghaus, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nöthlings, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, Gunnar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffar, Reiner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, Heyo K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stracke, Sylvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovacs, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aulchenko, Yurii S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jie Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stengel, Bénédicte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergmann, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikopensius, Tiit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketkar, Shamika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colhoun, Helen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doney, Alex</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krämer, Bernhard K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thun, Gian-Andri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulweber, Bernhard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haun, Margot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kim, Stuart K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kronenberg, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscovick, David S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Andre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIoGRAM Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARe Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WTCCC2</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Integration of genome-wide association studies with biological knowledge identifies six novel genes related to kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hum Mol Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hum. Mol. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigens, CD98 Heavy Chain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glomerular Filtration Rate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibin-beta Subunits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Membrane Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Dec 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5329-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In conducting genome-wide association studies (GWAS), analytical approaches leveraging biological information may further understanding of the pathophysiology of clinical traits. To discover novel associations with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of kidney function, we developed a strategy for integrating prior biological knowledge into the existing GWAS data for eGFR from the CKDGen Consortium. Our strategy focuses on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in genes that are connected by functional evidence, determined by literature mining and gene ontology (GO) hierarchies, to genes near previously validated eGFR associations. It then requires association thresholds consistent with multiple testing, and finally evaluates novel candidates by independent replication. Among the samples of European ancestry, we identified a genome-wide significant SNP in FBXL20 (P = 5.6 × 10(-9)) in meta-analysis of all available data, and additional SNPs at the INHBC, LRP2, PLEKHA1, SLC3A2 and SLC7A6 genes meeting multiple-testing corrected significance for replication and overall P-values of 4.5 × 10(-4)-2.2 × 10(-7). Neither the novel PLEKHA1 nor FBXL20 associations, both further supported by association with eGFR among African Americans and with transcript abundance, would have been implicated by eGFR candidate gene approaches. LRP2, encoding the megalin receptor, was identified through connection with the previously known eGFR gene DAB2 and extends understanding of the megalin system in kidney function. These findings highlight integration of existing genome-wide association data with independent biological knowledge to uncover novel candidate eGFR associations, including candidates lacking known connections to kidney-specific pathways. The strategy may also be applicable to other clinical phenotypes, although more testing will be needed to assess its potential for discovery in general.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22962313?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>