<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ligthart, Symen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaez, Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Võsa, Urmo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stathopoulou, Maria G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vries, Paul S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prins, Bram P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naderi, Elnaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Ying</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbalic, Maja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Honghuang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pool, René</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Gu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macé, Aurélien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidore, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabater-Lleal, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kemp, John P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abbasi, Ali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kacprowski, Tim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Tao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marzi, Carola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleber, Marcus E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milaneschi, Yuri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mueller, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huq, Mahmudul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vlachopoulou, Efthymia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldmeadow, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deelen, Joris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Jing Hua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feenstra, Bjarke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amini, Marzyeh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schraut, Katharina E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fornage, Myriam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suktitipat, Bhoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Wei-Min</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Xiaohui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutile, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malerba, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luan, Jian'an</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bak, Tom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schork, Nicholas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">del Greco M, Fabiola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thiering, Elisabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahajan, Anubha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marioni, Riccardo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Joel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ozel, Ayse Bilge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nethander, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cheng, Yu-Ching</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aslibekyan, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ang, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooperberg, Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajan, Kumar B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schurmann, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">den Hollander, Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Jing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Draisma, Harmen H M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Hongyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahl, Simone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Jie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uh, Hae-Won</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geller, Frank</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yanek, Lisa R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trabetti, Elisabetta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehne, Benjamin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verbanck, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biino, Ginevra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saba, Yasaman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meulenbelt, Ingrid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeff R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laakso, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giulianini, Franco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ballantyne, Christie M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadineira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rueedi, Rico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steri, Maristella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herzig, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stott, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menni, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frånberg, Mattias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">St Pourcain, Beate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, Stephan B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakker, Stephan J L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraft, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Annette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaidya, Dhananjay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delgado, Graciela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smit, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Großmann, Vera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinisalo, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seppälä, Ilkka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Williams, Stephen R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moed, Matthijs</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langenberg, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Räikkönen, Katri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sale, Michele M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Yii-Der I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James, Alan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soranzo, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartman, Catharina A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Erin N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berenson, Gerald S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hernandez, Dena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiesler, Carla M T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giedraitis, Vilmantas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liewald, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Krista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mellström, Dan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larsson, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Yunmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, William R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorentzon, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beilby, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan, Kathleen A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pennell, Craig E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balkau, Beverly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Concas, Maria Pina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mendes de Leon, Carlos F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kloppenburg, Margreet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paternoster, Lavinia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehnke, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Musk, A W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, David M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madden, Pamela A F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zoledziewska, Magdalena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karhunen, Ville</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kritchevsky, Stephen B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sattar, Naveed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LaChance, Genevieve</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Heemst, Diana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kajantie, Eero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambaro, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Robert A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicks, Andrew A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standl, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Starr, John M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Jun Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mori, Trevor A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Geus, Eco J C N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auvinen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Craen, Anton J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McEvoy, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beekman, Marian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombieri, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morrison, Alanna C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitfield, John B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamsten, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeller, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qi, Lu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotter, Jerome I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Philipp S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lokki, Marja-Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyle, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melbye, Mads</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Becker, Diane M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worrall, Bradford B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibson, Greg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krauss, Ronald M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaza, Gianluigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldehinkel, Albertine J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Lyle J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, Sarah S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heinrich, Joachim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandenput, Liesbeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desch, Karl C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Jaspal S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ohlsson, Claes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnett, Donna K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beilin, Lawrence J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jess, Tine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Denis A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, George Davey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slagboom, P Eline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psaty, Bruce M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tracy, Russell P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visvikis-Siest, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reiner, Alex P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Myron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bis, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, Oscar H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Emelia J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupuis, Josée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alizadeh, Behrooz Z</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHARGE Inflammation Working Group</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome Analyses of &gt;200,000 Individuals Identify 58 Loci for Chronic Inflammation and Highlight Pathways that Link Inflammation and Complex Disorders.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Hum Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am. J. Hum. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Nov 01</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">691-706</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation remain largely unknown, and the causal role of CRP in several clinical outcomes is debated. We performed two genome-wide association studies (GWASs), on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputed data, of circulating amounts of CRP by using data from 88 studies comprising 204,402 European individuals. Additionally, we performed in silico functional analyses and Mendelian randomization analyses with several clinical outcomes. The GWAS meta-analyses of CRP revealed 58 distinct genetic loci (p &lt; 5 × 10). After adjustment for body mass index in the regression analysis, the associations at all except three loci remained. The lead variants at the distinct loci explained up to 7.0% of the variance in circulating amounts of CRP. We identified 66 gene sets that were organized in two substantially correlated clusters, one mainly composed of immune pathways and the other characterized by metabolic pathways in the liver. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed a causal protective effect of CRP on schizophrenia and a risk-increasing effect on bipolar disorder. Our findings provide further insights into the biology of inflammation and could lead to interventions for treating inflammation and its clinical consequences.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30388399?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rietveld, Cornelius A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turley, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Guo-Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, S Fleur W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oskarsson, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pickrell, Joseph K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thom, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timshel, Pascal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vlaming, Ronald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellaoui, Abdel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacelis, Jonas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumbach, Clemens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjornsdottir, Gyda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandsma, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pina Concas, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derringer, Jaime</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furlotte, Nicholas A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galesloot, Tessel E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Richa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Leanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horikoshi, Momoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffman, Jennifer E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaasik, Kadri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalafati, Ioanna P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Augustine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Lee, Sven J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deLeeuw, Christiaan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Penelope A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Karl-Oskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Tian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marten, Jonathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Michael B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldmeadow, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Payton, Antony</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pervjakova, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peyrot, Wouter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qian, Yong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rueedi, Rico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvi, Erika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Börge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schraut, Katharina E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shi, Jianxin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poot, Raymond A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">St Pourcain, Beate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorleifsson, Gudmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wellmann, Juergen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Westra, Harm-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jingyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Zhihong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alizadeh, Behrooz Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakshi, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumeister, Sebastian E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biino, Ginevra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bønnelykke, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyle, Patricia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cappuccio, Francesco P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demuth, Ilja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eibich, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eisele, Lewin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, David M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forstner, Andreas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnarsson, Bjarni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Halldórsson, Bjarni V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hocking, Lynne J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horan, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Jager, Philip L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jugessur, Astanand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaakinen, Marika A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanoni, Stavroula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koskinen, Seppo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraja, Aldi T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroh, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latvala, Antti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebreton, Maël P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levinson, Douglas F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtenstein, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtner, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liewald, David C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loukola, Anu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madden, Pamela A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mäki-Opas, Tomi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marioni, Riccardo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marques-Vidal, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, Gerardus A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMahon, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milaneschi, Yusplitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myhre, Ronny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, Christopher P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nyholt, Dale R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ollier, William E R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palotie, Aarno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paternoster, Lavinia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petrovic, Katja E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Räikkönen, Katri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ring, Susan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rostapshova, Olga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rustichini, Aldo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarin, Antti-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staessen, Jan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terracciano, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tobin, Martin D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccargiu, Simona</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaye, Lydia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rooij, Frank J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venturini, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonk, Judith M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waage, Johannes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ware, Erin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisgaard, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bültmann, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gejman, Pablo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratten, Jacob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groenen, Patrick J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinds, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyppönen, Elina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iacono, William G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobsson, Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGue, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pendleton, Neil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Posthuma, Danielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sørensen, Thorkild I A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thurik, A Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krueger, Robert F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davey Smith, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bipolar Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational Biology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fetus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene-Environment Interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Great Britain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Annotation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 May 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">533</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">539-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7604</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27225129?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dawson, Sally</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scheffer, Deborah I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rantanen, Taina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morgan, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Stazio, Mariateresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutile, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Concas, Maria P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biino, Ginevra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolan, Lisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bahl, Aileen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loukola, Anu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viljanen, Anne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davis, Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corey, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association analysis on normal hearing function identifies PCDH20 and SLC28A3 as candidates for hearing function and loss.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hum Mol Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hum. Mol. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Oct 1</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5655-64</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Hearing loss and individual differences in normal hearing both have a substantial genetic basis. Although many new genes contributing to deafness have been identified, very little is known about genes/variants modulating the normal range of hearing ability. To fill this gap, we performed a two-stage meta-analysis on hearing thresholds (tested at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 kHz) and on pure-tone averages (low-, medium- and high-frequency thresholds grouped) in several isolated populations from Italy and Central Asia (total N = 2636). Here, we detected two genome-wide significant loci close to PCDH20 and SLC28A3 (top hits: rs78043697, P = 4.71E-10 and rs7032430, P = 2.39E-09, respectively). For both loci, we sought replication in two independent cohorts: B58C from the UK (N = 5892) and FITSA from Finland (N = 270). Both loci were successfully replicated at a nominal level of significance (P &lt; 0.05). In order to confirm our quantitative findings, we carried out RT-PCR and reported RNA-Seq data, which showed that both genes are expressed in mouse inner ear, especially in hair cells, further suggesting them as good candidates for modulatory genes in the auditory system. Sequencing data revealed no functional variants in the coding region of PCDH20 or SLC28A3, suggesting that variation in regulatory sequences may affect expression. Overall, these results contribute to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying human hearing function.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26188009?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mezzavilla, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Colonna, Vincenza</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic landscape of populations along the Silk Road: admixture and migration patterns.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asian Continental Ancestry Group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commonwealth of Independent States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">European Continental Ancestry Group</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Flow</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human Migration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Principal Component Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sequence Analysis, DNA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">131</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;The ancient Silk Road has been a trading route between Europe and Central Asia from the 2(nd) century BCE to the 15(th) century CE. While most populations on this route have been characterized, the genetic background of others remains poorly understood, and little is known about past migration patterns. The scientific expedition &quot;Marco Polo&quot; has recently collected genetic and phenotypic data in six regions (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan) along the Silk Road to study the genetics of a number of phenotypes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;We characterized the genetic structure of these populations within a worldwide context. We observed a West-East subdivision albeit the existence of a genetic component shared within Central Asia and nearby populations from Europe and Near East. We observed a contribution of up to 50% from Europe and Asia to most of the populations that have been analyzed. The contribution from Asia dates back to ~25 generations and is limited to the Eastern Silk Road. Time and direction of this contribution are consistent with the Mongolian expansion era.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;We clarified the genetic structure of six populations from Central Asia and suggested a complex pattern of gene flow among them. We provided a map of migration events in time and space and we quantified exchanges among populations. Altogether these novel findings will support the future studies aimed at understanding the genetics of the phenotypes that have been collected during the Marco Polo campaign, they will provide insights into the history of these populations, and they will be useful to reconstruct the developments and events that have shaped modern Eurasians genomes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25476266?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>