<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naviglio, Samuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lacorte, Doriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucafò, Marianna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cifù, Adriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Favretto, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cuzzoni, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvestri, Tania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pozzi Mucelli, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radillo, Oriano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decorti, Giuliana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabris, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bramuzzo, Matteo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stocco, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvisi, Patrizia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martelossi, Stefano</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Causes of Treatment Failure in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated With Infliximab: A Pharmacokinetic Study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">68</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-44</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;Anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies have led to a revolution in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD); however, a sizable proportion of patients does not respond to therapy. There is increasing evidence suggesting that treatment failure may be classified as mechanistic (pharmacodynamic), pharmacokinetic, or immune-mediated. Data regarding the contribution of these factors in children with IBD treated with infliximab (IFX) are still incomplete. The aim was to assess the causes of treatment failure in a prospective cohort of pediatric patients treated with IFX.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;This observational study considered 49 pediatric (median age 14.4) IBD patients (34 Crohn disease, 15 ulcerative colitis) treated with IFX. Serum samples were collected at 6, 14, 22 and 54 weeks, before IFX infusions. IFX and anti-infliximab antibodies (AIA) were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Disease activity was determined by Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index or Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity Index.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Clinical remission, defined as a clinical score &lt;10, was obtained by 76.3% of patients at week 14 and by 73.9% at week 54. Median trough IFX concentration was higher at all time points in patients achieving sustained clinical remission. IFX levels during maintenance correlated also with C-reactive protein, albumin, and fecal calprotectin. After multivariate analysis, IFX concentration at week 14 &gt;3.11 μg/mL emerged as the strongest predictor of sustained clinical remission. AIA concentrations were correlated inversely with IFX concentrations and directly with adverse reactions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Most cases of therapeutic failure were associated with low serum drug levels. IFX trough levels at the end of induction are associated with sustained long-term response.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30211845?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benelli, Elisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naviglio, Samuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Leo, Luigina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stera, Giacomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giangreco, Manuela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronfani, Luca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villanacci, Vincenzo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martelossi, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Not, Tarcisio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Changing Epidemiology of Liver Involvement in Children With Celiac Disease.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">68</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">547-551</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;Available data indicate that liver involvement is present in a significant proportion of children with celiac disease (CD) at the diagnosis (elevated transaminases 15%-57%, autoimmune liver disease 1%-2%). We sought to evaluate prevalence, clinical course, and risk factors for liver involvement in a large cohort of children with CD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;Children (age 0-18 years) diagnosed with CD from March 2010 to April 2016 were enrolled. Liver involvement was considered to be present when alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were &gt;40 U/L (hypertransaminasemia [HTS]). Patients with HTS were re-evaluated after at least 12 months of a gluten-free diet.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;CD was diagnosed in 806 patients during the study period; of these, ALT levels were available for 700 patients (86.9%), and were elevated in 27 (3.9%, HTS group); median ALT and aspartate transaminase levels in the HTS group were 57 U/L (interquartile range 49-80 U/L) and 67 U/L (interquartile range 53-85 U/L), respectively. Younger age, malabsorption symptoms, and low hemoglobin or ferritin were significantly more common in the HTS group at univariate analysis. At multivariate analysis, only age ≤4.27 years correlated with risk of liver involvement (odds ratio 3.73; 95% confidence interval: 1.61-8.66). When retested on a gluten-free diet, all but 3 patients normalized ALT levels; of these, 1 was diagnosed with sclerosing cholangitis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Liver involvement in celiac children is now less frequent than previously reported, possibly due to changing CD epidemiology. Younger age is the only risk factor. Associated autoimmune liver disease is rare.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30499881?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minute, Marta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cozzi, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plotti, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montanari, Giuseppe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pecile, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanazzo, Giulio Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbi, Egidio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Children with cancer: a survey on the experience of Italian primary care pediatricians.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ital J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ital J Pediatr</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Disease-Free Survival</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Needs Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome Assessment (Health Care)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatricians</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Practice Patterns, Physicians'</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevalence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Primary Health Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retrospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival Analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 May 25</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">43</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;Cancer is the second cause of death in children and its diagnosis can be difficult, due to the presence of vague and non-specific symptoms. The primary care pediatrician is often involved in the diagnostic process, but no longer in child care once the treatment started. Care models involving both primary care pediatricians and oncologic referral centre highlighted a higher family satisfaction when they worked together. We conducted a survey on primary care pediatricians involved in childhood cancer in order to describe the actual situation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;We conducted a retrospective survey enrolling primary care pediatricians from a north-eastern area of Italy. They received a questionnaire that consisted in two parts: the first one aimed to assess the physician's seniority and experience and the second one pertained to each case of cancer and explored the relationship between the pediatrician, the family and the referral centre, and pediatricians degree of satisfaction and emotional impact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;We obtained data from 79 pediatricians who described 150 cancer cases. In 99 cases the primary care pediatrician had visited the child at the onset of symptoms and had referred him to the hospital. In 89 cases, he understood the severity of the disease. In 53.3% of cases the pediatrician was informed by the referral centre. The relationship between the pediatrician and child's family improved in 38% of cases and this was related with their participation to the multidisciplinary meetings on child health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Primary pediatricians' sharing in the management of their patients with cancer was not satisfactory. Development of specific protocols targeted to an integrated care is needed to increase primary pediatricians' involvement and families' satisfactions.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28545557?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abate, Maria Valentina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stocco, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devescovi, Raffaella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrozzi, Marco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pierobon, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valencic, Erica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucafò, Marianna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Silvestre, Alessia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tommasini, Alberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Decorti, Giuliana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbamazepine-induced thrombocytopenic purpura in a child: Insights from a genomic analysis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Cells Mol Dis</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Cells Mol. Dis.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27282575?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rossetto, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matarazzo, Lorenza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maschio, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Costa, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Child with Severe Developmental Delay and Growth Retardation.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">241-241.e1</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27266964?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tornese, Gianluca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marzuillo, Pierluigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pellegrin, Maria Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Germani, Claudio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faleschini, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zennaro, Floriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grandone, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miraglia Del Giudice, Emanuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perrone, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A case of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome associated with growth hormone deficiency in childhood.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">83</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">437-9</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25683362?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benelli, Elisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrato, Valentina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martelossi, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronfani, Luca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Not, Tarcisio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coeliac disease in the ERA of the new ESPGHAN and BSPGHAN guidelines: a prospective cohort study.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Dis Child</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Dis. Child.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Nov 17</style></date></pub-dates></dates><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ENG</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVE: &lt;/b&gt;To evaluate the consequences of the last European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and British Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (BSPGHAN) guidelines for the diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD) by means of a prospective study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;Prospective cohort study.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;SETTING: &lt;/b&gt;Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo (Trieste, Italy).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;PATIENTS: &lt;/b&gt;Children diagnosed with CD without a duodenal biopsy (group 1), following the last ESPGHAN and BSPGHAN guidelines, and children diagnosed with a duodenal biopsy, matched for sex, age and year of diagnosis (group 2), were prospectively enrolled over a 3-year period. All patients were put on a gluten-free diet (GFD) and were followed up for clinical conditions and laboratory testing at 6 months every year since diagnosis (median follow up: 1.9 years).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OUTCOME MEASURES: &lt;/b&gt;Resolution of symptoms, body mass index, laboratory testing (haemoglobin, anti-transglutaminase IgA), adherence to a GFD, quality of life, and supplementary post-diagnosis medical consultations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;51 out of 468 (11%) patients were diagnosed without a duodenal biopsy (group 1; median age 2.1 years) and matched to 92 patients diagnosed with a biopsy (group 2; median age 2.4 years). At the end of follow-up the two groups were statistically comparable in terms of clinical and nutritional status, anti-transglutaminase IgA antibody titres, quality of life, adherence to a GFD, and number of supplementary medical consultations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;On the basis of this prospective study, diagnosis of CD can be reliably performed without a duodenal biopsy in approximately 11% of cases. At least during a medium-term follow-up, this approach has no negative consequences relating to clinical remission, adherence to diet, and quality of life of children with CD.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26578746?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copetti, Valentina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastore, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Pieri, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radillo, Oriano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tommasini, Alberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clinical significance of hyper-IgA in a paediatric laboratory series.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Dis Child</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Dis. Child.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospitals, Pediatric</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypergammaglobulinemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunoglobulin A</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tertiary Care Centers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1114-6</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The causes of extremely elevated IgA, whether isolated or associated with an increase in other classes of immunoglobulin, are poorly defined in paediatrics. We reviewed the diagnostic significance of very high IgA levels (greater than 3 SD above the mean for age) in a cohort of patients referred to a tertiary care children's hospital. Hyper-IgA was found in 91 of 6364 subjects (1.4%) and in 68 cases was not associated with an increased IgG and/or IgM level. Most subjects with hyper-IgA (73.5%) had a severe immune defect, a chronic rheumatic disease or inflammatory bowel disease, while these conditions were very rare in a control group with normal IgA values (8%). Although our results may in part reflect the experience of a tertiary care centre, we suggest that hyper-IgA in children should always arouse suspicion of a serious disease.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25053738?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gortani, Giulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maschio, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A child with edema, lower limb deformity, and recurrent diarrhea.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone Retroversion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsule Endoscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diarrhea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knee Joint</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphangiectasis, Intestinal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymphedema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Recurrence</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">161</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1177</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22835881?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Copertino, Marco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbi, Egidio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poli, Furio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zennaro, Floriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrari, Maurizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrera, Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A child with severe pneumomediastinum and ABCA3 gene mutation: a puzzling connection.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch Bronconeumol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arch. Bronconeumol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyspnea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heterozygote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intensive Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mediastinal Emphysema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutation, Missense</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Point Mutation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulmonary Emphysema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Respiratory Tract Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subcutaneous Emphysema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomography, X-Ray Computed</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012 Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">48</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139-40</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22304854?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellini, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanchi, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martelossi, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Leo, Grazia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Not, Tarcisio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Compliance with the gluten-free diet: the role of locus of control in celiac disease.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case-Control Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Celiac Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diet, Gluten-Free</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Internal-External Control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Compliance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of Life</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">158</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">463-466.e5</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;To verify whether subjects with celiac disease (CD) have a different locus of control (LoC) compared with healthy subjects, and to evaluate the relationship between LoC and compliance with a prescribed gluten-free diet (GFD) and quality of life (QoL).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;STUDY DESIGN: &lt;/b&gt;We studied 156 subjects on a GFD (mean age, 10 years) and 353 healthy controls (mean age, 12 years). All subjects completed tests on the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale; the subjects with CD also completed a questionnaire to measure compliance with dietary treatment and the disease's impact on QoL.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;There was no difference in LoC values between patients with CD and controls. Subjects with CD with good dietary compliance had a more internal LoC compared with those who were not compliant (P = .01). Patients who reported a satisfactory QoL had a more internal LoC compared with those who reported negative affects on QoL due to CD (P = .01).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Our study confirms the usefulness of the LoC concept for identifying those patients who might be at risk for dietary transgression. Given the enhanced, psychological, and social well being that can result from adherence to a GFD, educational and psychological support can help internalize the LoC in those patients at risk for dietary transgression.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20870245?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Not, Tarcisio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziberna, Fabiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vatta, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaglia, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martelossi, Stefano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Villanacci, Vincenzo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marzari, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Florian, Fiorella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vecchiet, Monica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulic, Ana-Marija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrara, Fortunato</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bradbury, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sblattero, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cryptic genetic gluten intolerance revealed by intestinal antitransglutaminase antibodies and response to gluten-free diet.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gut</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gut</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asymptomatic Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Celiac Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diet, Gluten-Free</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GTP-Binding Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intestinal Mucosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peptide Library</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transglutaminases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1487-93</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: &lt;/b&gt;Antitransglutaminase (anti-TG2) antibodies are synthesised in the intestine and their presence seems predictive of future coeliac disease (CD). This study investigates whether mucosal antibodies represent an early stage of gluten intolerance even in the absence of intestinal damage and serum anti-TG2 antibodies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;This study investigated 22 relatives of patients with CD genetically predisposed to gluten intolerance but negative for both serum anti-TG2 antibodies and intestinal abnormalities. Fifteen subjects were symptomatic and seven were asymptomatic. The presence of immunoglobulin A anti-TG2 antibodies in the intestine was studied by creating phage-antibody libraries against TG-2. The presence of intestinal anti-TG2 antibodies was compared with the serum concentration of the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), a marker for early intestinal mucosal damage. The effects of a 12-month gluten-free diet on anti-TG2 antibody production and the subjects' clinical condition was monitored. Twelve subjects entered the study as controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;The intestinal mucosa appeared normal in 18/22; 4 had a slight increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes. Mucosal anti-TG2 antibodies were isolated in 15/22 subjects (68%); in particular symptomatic subjects were positive in 13/15 cases and asymptomatic subjects in 2/7 cases (p=0.01). No mucosal antibodies were selected from the controls' biopsies. There was significant correlation between the presence of intestinal anti-TG2 antibodies and positive concentrations of I-FABP (p=0.0008). After a gluten-free diet, 19/22 subjects underwent a second intestinal biopsy, which showed that anti-TG2 antibodies had disappeared in 12/15 (p=0.002), while I-FABP decreased significantly (p&lt;0.0001). The diet resolved both extraintestinal and intestinal symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;A new form of genetic-dependent gluten intolerance has been described in which none of the usual diagnostic markers is present. Symptoms and intestinal anti-TG2 antibodies respond to a gluten free-diet. The detection of intestinal anti-TG2 antibodies by the phage-antibody libraries has an important diagnostic and therapeutic impact for the subjects with gluten-dependent intestinal or extraintestinal symptoms. Clinical trial number NCT00677495.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21471568?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Londero, Margherita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pastore, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanazzo, Giulio A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruno, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ventura, Alessandro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A child with pain after mild trauma.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Pediatr</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Pediatr.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigens, CD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigens, CD31</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigens, CD34</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biopsy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Factor VIII</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fingers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hand Injuries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemangioendothelioma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunohistochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Injury Severity Score</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Osteolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain Measurement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S100 Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vascular Neoplasms</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">157</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">693</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553843?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>