<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wedow, Robbee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Edward</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maghzian, Omeed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zacher, Meghan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen-Viet, Tuan Anh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowers, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidorenko, Julia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson Linnér, Richard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kundu, Tushar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Chanwook</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Hui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Ruoxi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Royer, Rebecca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timshel, Pascal N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walters, Raymond K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willoughby, Emily A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alver, Maris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bao, Yanchun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, David W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furlotte, Nicholas A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kemper, Kathryn E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleinman, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langenberg, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trampush, Joey W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verma, Shefali Setia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Yang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lam, Max</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Jing Hua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zheng, Zhili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boardman, Jason D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freese, Jeremy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Kathleen Mullan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herd, Pamela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumari, Meena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lencz, Todd</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luan, Jian'an</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malhotra, Anil K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ong, Ken K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritchie, Marylyn D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smart, Melissa C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oskarsson, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Matthew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thom, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watson, Chelsea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turley, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23andMe Research Team</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COGENT (Cognitive Genomics Consortium)</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Science Genetic Association Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene discovery and polygenic prediction from a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in 1.1 million individuals.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Aug</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1112-1121</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Here we conducted a large-scale genetic association analysis of educational attainment in a sample of approximately 1.1 million individuals and identify 1,271 independent genome-wide-significant SNPs. For the SNPs taken together, we found evidence of heterogeneous effects across environments. The SNPs implicate genes involved in brain-development processes and neuron-to-neuron communication. In a separate analysis of the X chromosome, we identify 10 independent genome-wide-significant SNPs and estimate a SNP heritability of around 0.3% in both men and women, consistent with partial dosage compensation. A joint (multi-phenotype) analysis of educational attainment and three related cognitive phenotypes generates polygenic scores that explain 11-13% of the variance in educational attainment and 7-10% of the variance in cognitive performance. This prediction accuracy substantially increases the utility of polygenic scores as tools in research.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30038396?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ligthart, Symen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaez, Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Võsa, Urmo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stathopoulou, Maria G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vries, Paul S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prins, Bram P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naderi, Elnaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Ying</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barbalic, Maja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Honghuang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pool, René</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Gu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macé, Aurélien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidore, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabater-Lleal, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kemp, John P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abbasi, Ali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kacprowski, Tim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Tao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marzi, Carola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary 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Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Jun Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mori, Trevor A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Geus, Eco J C N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auvinen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Craen, Anton J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McEvoy, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beekman, Marian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombieri, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morrison, Alanna C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitfield, John B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamsten, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeller, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qi, Lu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotter, Jerome I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Philipp S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lokki, Marja-Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyle, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melbye, Mads</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Becker, Diane M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Worrall, Bradford B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gibson, Greg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krauss, Ronald M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaza, Gianluigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldehinkel, Albertine J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Lyle J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murray, Sarah S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heinrich, Joachim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandenput, Liesbeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desch, Karl C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Jaspal S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ohlsson, Claes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnett, Donna K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beilin, Lawrence J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jess, Tine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Denis A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, George Davey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slagboom, P Eline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psaty, Bruce M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tracy, Russell P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visvikis-Siest, Sophie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reiner, Alex P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gross, Myron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bis, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, Oscar H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Emelia J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupuis, Josée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alizadeh, Behrooz Z</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHARGE Inflammation Working Group</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome Analyses of &gt;200,000 Individuals Identify 58 Loci for Chronic Inflammation and Highlight Pathways that Link Inflammation and Complex Disorders.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Hum Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am. J. Hum. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018 Nov 01</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">691-706</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation remain largely unknown, and the causal role of CRP in several clinical outcomes is debated. We performed two genome-wide association studies (GWASs), on HapMap and 1000 Genomes imputed data, of circulating amounts of CRP by using data from 88 studies comprising 204,402 European individuals. Additionally, we performed in silico functional analyses and Mendelian randomization analyses with several clinical outcomes. The GWAS meta-analyses of CRP revealed 58 distinct genetic loci (p &lt; 5 × 10). After adjustment for body mass index in the regression analysis, the associations at all except three loci remained. The lead variants at the distinct loci explained up to 7.0% of the variance in circulating amounts of CRP. We identified 66 gene sets that were organized in two substantially correlated clusters, one mainly composed of immune pathways and the other characterized by metabolic pathways in the liver. Mendelian randomization analyses revealed a causal protective effect of CRP on schizophrenia and a risk-increasing effect on bipolar disorder. Our findings provide further insights into the biology of inflammation and could lead to interventions for treating inflammation and its clinical consequences.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30388399?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marouli, Eirini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Graff, Mariaelisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Gomez, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lo, Ken Sin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" 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size="100%">Young, Kristin L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winkler, Thomas W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karaderi, Tugce</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masca, Nicholas G D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ng, Maggie C Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudgal, Poorva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivas, Manuel A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahajan, Anubha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guo, 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face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonnycastle, Lori L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bork-Jensen, Jette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bots, Michiel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowden, Donald W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandslund, Ivan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breen, Gerome</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brilliant, Murray H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broer, Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burt, Amber A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Butterworth, Adam S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carey, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulfield, Mark J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Yii-Der Ida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chowdhury, Rajiv</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christensen, Cramer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cocca, Massimiliano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, Francis S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cook, James P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corley, Janie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galbany, Jordi Corominas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cox, Amanda J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Danesh, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Bakker, Paul I W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Borst, Gert J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Denus, Simon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Groot, Mark C H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Mutsert, Renée</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demerath, Ellen W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">den Hollander, Anneke I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis, Joe G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Di Angelantonio, Emanuele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drenos, Fotios</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Du, Mengmeng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dunning, Alison M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Easton, Douglas F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ebeling, Tapani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwards, Todd L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellinor, Patrick T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elliott, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evangelou, Evangelos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feng, Shuang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrannini, Ele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrario, Marco M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrières, Jean</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Florez, Jose C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fornage, Myriam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franks, Paul W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galesloot, Tessel E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gan, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giedraitis, Vilmantas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giri, Ayush</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gordon, Scott D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gordon-Larsen, Penny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grarup, Niels</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grove, Megan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustafsson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hansen, Torben</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Kathleen Mullan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hattersley, Andrew T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He, Liang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heikkilä, Kauko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helgeland, Øyvind</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hernesniemi, Jussi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hewitt, Alex W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hocking, Lynne J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hollensted, Mette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holmen, Oddgeir L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hovingh, G Kees</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howson, Joanna M M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoyng, Carel B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Paul L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hveem, Kristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ikram, M Arfan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jackson, Anne U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jansson, Jan-Håkan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarvik, Gail P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jensen, Gorm B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jhun, Min A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jia, Yucheng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiang, Xuejuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jørgensen, Marit E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jørgensen, Torben</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jousilahti, Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahali, Bratati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahn, René S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamstrup, Pia R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" 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Timo A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lange, Ethan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lange, Leslie A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langefeld, Carl D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langenberg, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larson, Eric B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, I-Te</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lewis, Cora E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Huaixing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li-Gao, Ruifang</style></author><author><style 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He</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhou, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotter, Jerome I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehnke, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathiresan, Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Mark I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willer, Cristen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Dajiang J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heard-Costa, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxvig, Claus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lettre, Guillaume</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EPIC-InterAct Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHD Exome+ Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ExomeBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T2D-Genes Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GoT2D Genes Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global Lipids Genetics Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ReproGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAGIC Investigators</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rare and low-frequency coding variants alter human adult height.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADAMTS Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alleles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Height</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell Adhesion Molecules</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Frequency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Variation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycoproteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosaminoglycans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hedgehog Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interferon Regulatory Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interleukin-11 Receptor alpha Subunit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multifactorial Inheritance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NADPH Oxidase 4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NADPH Oxidases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procollagen N-Endopeptidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteoglycans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteolysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, Androgen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somatomedins</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017 02 09</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">542</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">186-190</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Height is a highly heritable, classic polygenic trait with approximately 700 common associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies so far. Here, we report 83 height-associated coding variants with lower minor-allele frequencies (in the range of 0.1-4.8%) and effects of up to 2 centimetres per allele (such as those in IHH, STC2, AR and CRISPLD2), greater than ten times the average effect of common variants. In functional follow-up studies, rare height-increasing alleles of STC2 (giving an increase of 1-2 centimetres per allele) compromised proteolytic inhibition of PAPP-A and increased cleavage of IGFBP-4 in vitro, resulting in higher bioavailability of insulin-like growth factors. These 83 height-associated variants overlap genes that are mutated in monogenic growth disorders and highlight new biological candidates (such as ADAMTS3, IL11RA and NOX4) and pathways (such as proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan synthesis) involved in growth. Our results demonstrate that sufficiently large sample sizes can uncover rare and low-frequency variants of moderate-to-large effect associated with polygenic human phenotypes, and that these variants implicate relevant genes and pathways.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7640</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28146470?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattaro, Cristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu, Audrey Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Man</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mijatovic, Vladan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garnaas, Maija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tin, Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sorice, Rossella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Yong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taliun, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olden, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foster, Meredith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Qiong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Ming-Huei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ko, Yi-An</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fuchsberger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayo, Bamidele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dehghan, Abbas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">d'Adamo, Pio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adeyemo, Adebowale</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dieffenbach, Aida Karina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zonderman, Alan B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morrison, Alanna C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dreisbach, Albert W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Andre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupo, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kollerits, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Freedman, Barry I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponte, Belen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulweber, Bernhard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krämer, Bernhard K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Braxton D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckley, Brendan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peralta, Carmen A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rotimi, Charles N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaffer, Christian M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sala, Cinzia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saint-Pierre, Aude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ackermann, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shriner, Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruggiero, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toniolo, Daniela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Yingchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Czamara, Darina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellinghaus, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siscovick, David S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruderfer, Douglas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochtchina, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atkinson, Elizabeth J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvi, Erika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murgia, Federico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernst, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kronenberg, Florian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Frank B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navis, Gerjan J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curhan, Gary C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehret, George B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coassin, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thun, Gian-Andri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pistis, Giorgio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambaro, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malerba, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eiriksdottir, Gudny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, Gunnar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li, Guo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallaschofski, Henri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brenner, Hermann</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroemer, Heyo K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kramer, Holly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lin, Honghuang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leach, I Mateo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guessous, Idris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persico, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, Janine F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Divers, Jasmin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lambert, Jean-Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stafford, Jeanette M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaspoz, Jean-Michel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Jie Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jingzhong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Whitfield, John B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chalmers, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viikari, Jorma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coresh, Josef</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denny, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karjalainen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernandes, Jyotika K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endlich, Karlhans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Butterbach, Katja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keene, Keith L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lohman, Kurt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portas, Laura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lyytikäinen, Leo-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kedenko, Lyudmyla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao, Madhumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Struchalin, Maksim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleber, Marcus E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cavalieri, Margherita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haun, Margot</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornelis, Marilyn C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullo, Marina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Andrade, Mariza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McEvoy, Mark A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woodward, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adam, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cocca, Massimiliano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nauck, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imboden, Medea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waldenberger, Melanie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruijm, Menno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metzger, Marie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, Michele K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sale, Michele M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boban, Mladen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rheinberger, Myriam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouatia-Naji, Nabila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hastie, Nick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probst-Hensch, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soranzo, Nicole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devuyst, Olivier</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gottesman, Omri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, Oscar H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muntner, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smit, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovacs, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Philipp S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biffar, Reiner</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middelberg, Rita P S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carroll, Robert J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katz, Ronit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sedaghat, Sanaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild, Sarah H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hwang, Shih-Jen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enroth, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kloiber, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stengel, Bénédicte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hancock, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turner, Stephen T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosas, Sylvia E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stracke, Sylvia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeller, Tanja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zemunik, Tatijana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspelund, Thor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nikopensius, Tiit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aalto, Ville</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chouraki, Vincent</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Wei-Min</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Igl, Wilmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lieb, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parsa, Afshin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susztak, Katalin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamet, Pavel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremblay, Johanne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Boer, Ian H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böger, Carsten A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goessling, Wolfram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Köttgen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kao, W H Linda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGEN Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CardioGram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CHARGe-Heart Failure Group</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EchoGen consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic associations at 53 loci highlight cell types and biological pathways relevant for kidney function.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Commun</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Commun</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renal Insufficiency, Chronic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10023</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Reduced glomerular filtration rate defines chronic kidney disease and is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), combining data across 133,413 individuals with replication in up to 42,166 individuals. We identify 24 new and confirm 29 previously identified loci. Of these 53 loci, 19 associate with eGFR among individuals with diabetes. Using bioinformatics, we show that identified genes at eGFR loci are enriched for expression in kidney tissues and in pathways relevant for kidney development and transmembrane transporter activity, kidney structure, and regulation of glucose metabolism. Chromatin state mapping and DNase I hypersensitivity analyses across adult tissues demonstrate preferential mapping of associated variants to regulatory regions in kidney but not extra-renal tissues. These findings suggest that genetic determinants of eGFR are mediated largely through direct effects within the kidney and highlight important cell types and biological pathways.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26831199?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okbay, Aysu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beauchamp, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fontana, Mark Alan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, James J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rietveld, Cornelius A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turley, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Guo-Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilsson, Valur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, S Fleur W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oskarsson, Sven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pickrell, Joseph K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thom, Kevin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timshel, Pascal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Vlaming, Ronald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellaoui, Abdel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacelis, Jonas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumbach, Clemens</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bjornsdottir, Gyda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brandsma, Johannes H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pina Concas, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derringer, Jaime</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furlotte, Nicholas A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galesloot, Tessel E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girotto, Giorgia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gupta, Richa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Leanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofer, Edith</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horikoshi, Momoko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huffman, Jennifer E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaasik, Kadri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kalafati, Ioanna P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karlsson, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kong, Augustine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lahti, Jari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Lee, Sven J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">deLeeuw, Christiaan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Penelope A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Karl-Oskar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Tian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marten, Jonathan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miller, Michael B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Most, Peter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldmeadow, Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Payton, Antony</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pervjakova, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peyrot, Wouter J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qian, Yong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rueedi, Rico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvi, Erika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Börge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schraut, Katharina E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shi, Jianxin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poot, Raymond A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">St Pourcain, Beate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorleifsson, Gudmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Verweij, Niek</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vuckovic, Dragana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wellmann, Juergen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Westra, Harm-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jingyun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhu, Zhihong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alizadeh, Behrooz Z</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakshi, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baumeister, Sebastian E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biino, Ginevra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bønnelykke, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyle, Patricia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cappuccio, Francesco P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davies, Gail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Neve, Jan-Emmanuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demuth, Ilja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ding, Jun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eibich, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eisele, Lewin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evans, David M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forstner, Andreas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gandin, Ilaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnarsson, Bjarni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Halldórsson, Bjarni V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hocking, Lynne J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holliday, Elizabeth G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horan, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Jager, Philip L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joshi, Peter K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jugessur, Astanand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaakinen, Marika A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kähönen, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanoni, Stavroula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keltigangas-Järvinen, Liisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kolcic, Ivana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koskinen, Seppo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraja, Aldi T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kroh, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latvala, Antti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Launer, Lenore J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebreton, Maël P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levinson, Douglas F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtenstein, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtner, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liewald, David C M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loukola, Anu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madden, Pamela A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mäki-Opas, Tomi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marioni, Riccardo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marques-Vidal, Pedro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meddens, Gerardus A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMahon, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meisinger, Christa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meitinger, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milaneschi, Yusplitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myhre, Ronny</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelson, Christopher P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nyholt, Dale R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ollier, William E R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palotie, Aarno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paternoster, Lavinia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petrovic, Katja E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porteous, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Räikkönen, Katri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ring, Susan M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rostapshova, Olga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rustichini, Aldo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanders, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarin, Antti-Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Helena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Rodney J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Blair H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staessen, Jan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terracciano, Antonio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tobin, Martin D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccargiu, Simona</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quaye, Lydia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rooij, Frank J A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venturini, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völzke, Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonk, Judith M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vozzi, Diego</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waage, Johannes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ware, Erin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attia, John R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berger, Klaus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertram, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisgaard, Hans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bültmann, Ute</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chabris, Christopher F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucca, Francesco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deary, Ian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gejman, Pablo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gratten, Jacob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groenen, Patrick J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hinds, David A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoffmann, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyppönen, Elina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iacono, William G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobsson, Bo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kardia, Sharon L R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, Terho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehrer, Steven F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McGue, Matt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pendleton, Neil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W J H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Nicola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pirastu, Mario</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polasek, Ozren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Posthuma, Danielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Province, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Reinhold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sørensen, Thorkild I A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thurik, A Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timpson, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiemeier, Henning</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tung, Joyce Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitart, Veronique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conley, Dalton C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krueger, Robert F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davey Smith, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laibson, David I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meyer, Michelle N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johannesson, Magnus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koellinger, Philipp D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarini, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamin, Daniel J</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzheimer Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bipolar Disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational Biology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Educational Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fetus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene Expression Regulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gene-Environment Interaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Great Britain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular Sequence Annotation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016 May 26</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">533</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">539-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7604</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27225129?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahali, Bratati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berndt, Sonja I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justice, Anne E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powell, Corey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buchkovich, Martin L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Croteau-Chonka, Damien C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fall, Tove</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustafsson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kutalik, Zoltán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luan, Jian'an</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randall, Joshua C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winkler, Thomas W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faul, Jessica D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Jennifer A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hua Zhao, Jing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chen, Jin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fehrmann, Rudolf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hedman, Åsa K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karjalainen, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schmidt, Ellen M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Absher, Devin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anderson, Denise</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beekman, Marian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bolton, Jennifer L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bragg-Gresham, Jennifer L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buyske, Steven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demirkan, Ayse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deng, Guohong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehret, Georg B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feenstra, Bjarke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feitosa, Mary F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Krista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goel, Anuj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gong, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jackson, Anne U</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanoni, Stavroula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kleber, Marcus E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kristiansson, Kati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lim, Unhee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lotay, Vaneet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mateo Leach, Irene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Gomez, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medland, Sarah E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nalls, Michael A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Cameron D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pasko, Dorota</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pechlivanis, Sonali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Marjolein J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prokopenko, Inga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shungin, Dmitry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stančáková, Alena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strawbridge, Rona J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ju Sung, Yun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshiko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trompet, Stella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Laan, Sander W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Setten, Jessica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, Jana V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Zhaoming</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yengo, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Weihua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isaacs, Aaron</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albrecht, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arnlöv, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arscott, Gillian M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attwood, Antony P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bandinelli, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barrett, Amy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bas, Isabelita N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bellis, Claire</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bennett, Amanda J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berne, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blagieva, Roza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blüher, Matthias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böhringer, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bonnycastle, Lori L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Böttcher, Yvonne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boyd, Heather A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bruinenberg, Marcel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspersen, Ida H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ida Chen, Yii-Der</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarke, Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daw, E Warwick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Craen, Anton J M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delgado, Graciela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dimitriou, Maria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Doney, Alex S F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eklund, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estrada, Karol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eury, Elodie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folkersen, Lasse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fraser, Ross M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcia, Melissa E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geller, Frank</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giedraitis, Vilmantas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gigante, Bruna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Go, Alan S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Golay, Alain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goodall, Alison H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gordon, Scott D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gorski, Mathias</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grallert, Harald</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grammer, Tanja B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gräßler, Jürgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grönberg, Henrik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groves, Christopher J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gusto, Gaëlle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haessler, Jeffrey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Per</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haller, Toomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hallmans, Goran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartman, Catharina A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hassinen, Maija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayward, Caroline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heard-Costa, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmer, Quinta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hengstenberg, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holmen, Oddgeir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James, Alan L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeff, Janina M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansson, Åsa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jolley, Jennifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliusdottir, Thorhildur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kinnunen, Leena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koenig, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koskenvuo, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kratzer, Wolfgang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laitinen, Jaana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamina, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leander, Karin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Nanette R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lichtner, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lind, Lars</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindström, Jaana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sin Lo, Ken</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lobbens, Stéphane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lorbeer, Roberto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lu, Yingchang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mach, François</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahajan, Anubha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Wendy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McLachlan, Stela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menni, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merger, Sigrun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moayyeri, Alireza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monda, Keri L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morken, Mario A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulas, Antonella</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Müller-Nurasyid, Martina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Musk, Arthur W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagaraja, Ramaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nöthen, Markus M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pilz, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rayner, Nigel W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renstrom, Frida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rettig, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ried, Janina S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ripke, Stephan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robertson, Neil R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanna, Serena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scharnagl, Hubert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scholtens, Salome</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schumacher, Fredrick R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, William R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seufferlein, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shi, Jianxin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernon Smith, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smolonska, Joanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stanton, Alice V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stirrups, Kathleen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stringham, Heather M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundström, Johan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertz, Morris A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swift, Amy J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syvänen, Ann-Christine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tan, Sian-Tsung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tayo, Bamidele O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorand, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorleifsson, Gudmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrer, Jonathan P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uh, 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Christina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilsgaard, Tom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wojczynski, Mary K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wong, Andrew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wright, Alan F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhang, Qunyuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brennan, Eoin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Choi, Murim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dastani, Zari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drong, Alexander W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Per</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco-Cereceda, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gådin, Jesper R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gharavi, Ali G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goddard, Michael E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Handsaker, Robert E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huang, Jinyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karpe, Fredrik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kathiresan, Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keildson, Sarah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiryluk, Krzysztof</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kubo, Michiaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Jong-Young</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liang, Liming</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lifton, Richard P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ma, Baoshan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarroll, Steven A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKnight, Amy J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Min, Josine L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moffatt, Miriam F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murabito, Joanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicholson, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nyholt, Dale R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okada, Yukinori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dorajoo, Rajkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reinmaa, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salem, Rany M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandholm, Niina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, Robert A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stolk, Lisette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Takahashi, Atsushi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanaka, Toshihiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van't Hooft, Ferdinand M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna A E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Westra, Harm-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zheng, Wei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zondervan, Krina T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heath, Andrew C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arveiler, Dominique</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakker, Stephan J L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beilby, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bergman, Richard N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blangero, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bovet, Pascal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Campbell, Harry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulfield, Mark J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesana, Giancarlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chakravarti, Aravinda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chines, Peter S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collins, Francis S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crawford, Dana C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cupples, L Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cusi, Daniele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Danesh, John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Faire, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">den Ruijter, Hester M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dominiczak, Anna F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erbel, Raimund</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erdmann, Jeanette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eriksson, Johan G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farrall, Martin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Felix, Stephan B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrannini, Ele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrières, Jean</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ford, Ian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forouhi, Nita G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forrester, Terrence</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franco, Oscar H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gansevoort, Ron T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gejman, Pablo V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gieger, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gottesman, Omri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gudnason, Vilmundur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyllensten, Ulf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hall, Alistair S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harris, Tamara B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hattersley, Andrew T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicks, Andrew A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hindorff, Lucia A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hingorani, Aroon D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hofman, Albert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homuth, Georg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hovingh, G Kees</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humphries, Steve E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunt, Steven C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyppönen, Elina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illig, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jacobs, Kevin B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johansen, Berit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jousilahti, Pekka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jukema, J Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jula, Antti M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaprio, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kastelein, John J P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiemeney, Lambertus A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knekt, Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooner, Jaspal S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kooperberg, Charles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kovacs, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kraja, Aldi T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumari, Meena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuusisto, Johanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakka, Timo A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langenberg, Claudia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Le Marchand, Loic</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lehtimäki, 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face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarzynski, Mark A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schunkert, Heribert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwarz, Peter E H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sever, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinisalo, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stolk, Ronald P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trégouët, David-Alexandre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremblay, Angelo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremoli, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virtamo, Jarmo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vohl, Marie-Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waeber, Gerard</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willemsen, Gonneke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zillikens, M Carola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adair, Linda S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amouyel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asselbergs, Folkert W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assimes, Themistocles L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehm, Bernhard O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boerwinkle, Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bornstein, Stefan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bottinger, Erwin P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouchard, Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cauchi, Stéphane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanock, Stephen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, Richard S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Bakker, Paul I W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franks, Paul W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groop, Leif C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haiman, Christopher A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamsten, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hui, Jennie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunter, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hveem, Kristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaplan, Robert C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kivimaki, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuh, Diana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laakso, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melbye, Mads</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moebus, Susanne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Njølstad, Inger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin N A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérusse, Louis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Ulrike</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quertermous, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rauramaa, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saaristo, Timo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saleheen, Danish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sattar, Naveed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schadt, Eric E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slagboom, P Eline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuomilehto, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uusitupa, Matti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walker, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wallaschofski, Henri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watkins, Hugh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weir, David R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanen, Pieter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abecasis, Goncalo R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Mark I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scherag, André</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willer, Cristen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehnke, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beckmann, Jacques S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barroso, Inês</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speliotes, Elizabeth K</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADIPOGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AGEN-BMI Working Group</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CKDGen consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLGC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAGIC Investigators</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MuTHER Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MIGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAGE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ReproGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENIE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Endogene Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic studies of body mass index yield new insights for obesity biology.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adiposity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continental Population Groups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Energy Metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Predisposition to Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutamic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synapses</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Feb 12</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">197-206</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Obesity is heritable and predisposes to many diseases. To understand the genetic basis of obesity better, here we conduct a genome-wide association study and Metabochip meta-analysis of body mass index (BMI), a measure commonly used to define obesity and assess adiposity, in up to 339,224 individuals. This analysis identifies 97 BMI-associated loci (P &lt; 5 × 10(-8)), 56 of which are novel. Five loci demonstrate clear evidence of several independent association signals, and many loci have significant effects on other metabolic phenotypes. The 97 loci account for ∼2.7% of BMI variation, and genome-wide estimates suggest that common variation accounts for &gt;20% of BMI variation. Pathway analyses provide strong support for a role of the central nervous system in obesity susceptibility and implicate new genes and pathways, including those related to synaptic function, glutamate signalling, insulin secretion/action, energy metabolism, lipid biology and adipogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7538</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673413?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shungin, Dmitry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winkler, Thomas W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Croteau-Chonka, Damien C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strawbridge, Rona J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fischer, Krista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justice, Anne E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wu, Joseph M W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buchkovich, Martin L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heard-Costa, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roman, Tamara 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André</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matise, Tara C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKenzie, Colin A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McKnight, Barbara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Musk, Arthur W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Möhlenkamp, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelis, Mari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ohlsson, Claes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldehinkel, Albertine J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ong, Ken K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Lyle J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penninx, Brenda W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Annette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pramstaller, Peter P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raitakari, Olli T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rankinen, Tuomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rao, D C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice, Treva K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridker, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritchie, Marylyn D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudan, Igor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salomaa, Veikko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samani, Nilesh J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saramies, Jouko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarzynski, Mark A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwarz, Peter E H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shuldiner, Alan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staessen, Jan A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stolk, Ronald P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strauch, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tönjes, Anke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremblay, Angelo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tremoli, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vohl, Marie-Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Völker, Uwe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vollenweider, Peter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilson, James F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Witteman, Jacqueline C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adair, Linda S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bochud, Murielle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehm, Bernhard O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bornstein, Stefan R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouchard, Claude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cauchi, Stéphane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulfield, Mark J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chambers, John C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cooper, Richard S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedoussis, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrucci, Luigi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Froguel, Philippe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grabe, Hans-Jörgen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamsten, Anders</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hui, Jennie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hveem, Kristian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jöckel, Karl-Heinz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kivimaki, Mika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kuh, Diana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laakso, Markku</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liu, Yongmei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">März, Winfried</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munroe, Patricia B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Njølstad, Inger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palmer, Colin N A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perola, Markus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pérusse, Louis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peters, Ulrike</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power, Chris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quertermous, Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rauramaa, Rainer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saaristo, Timo E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saleheen, Danish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinisalo, Juha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Slagboom, P Eline</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snieder, Harold</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Tim D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stumvoll, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tuomilehto, Jaakko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uitterlinden, André G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uusitupa, Matti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van der Harst, Pim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veronesi, Giovanni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walker, Mark</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wareham, Nicholas J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watkins, Hugh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichmann, H-Erich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abecasis, Goncalo R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assimes, Themistocles L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berndt, Sonja I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boehnke, Michael</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borecki, Ingrid B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deloukas, Panos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franke, Lude</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Groop, Leif C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunter, David J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaplan, Robert C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">O'Connell, Jeffrey R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qi, Lu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schlessinger, David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strachan, David P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Duijn, Cornelia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willer, Cristen J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zillikens, M Carola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Mark I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speliotes, Elizabeth K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fox, Caroline S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Barroso, Inês</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franks, Paul W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heid, Iris M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cupples, L Adrienne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, Andrew P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindgren, Cecilia M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohlke, Karen L</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADIPOGen Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CARDIOGRAMplusC4D Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CKDGen consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GEFOS Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENIE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GLGC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ICBP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Endogene Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MAGIC Investigators</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MuTHER Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PAGE Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ReproGen Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adipose Tissue</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Fat Distribution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Continental Population Groups</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epigenesis, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome, Human</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin Resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Biological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neovascularization, Physiologic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transcription, Genetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waist-Hip Ratio</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Feb 12</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">187-96</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P &lt; 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7538</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25673412?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robinson, Matthew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemani, Gibran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Gomez, Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mezzavilla, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shakhbazov, Konstantin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powell, Joseph E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinkhuyzen, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berndt, Sonja I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gustafsson, Stefan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justice, Anne E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kahali, Bratati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Locke, Adam E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vedantam, Sailaja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wood, Andrew R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">van Rheenen, Wouter</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreassen, Ole A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gasparini, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metspalu, Andres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berg, Leonard H van den</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Veldink, Jan H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werge, Thomas M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abecasis, Goncalo R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boomsma, Dorret I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Geus, Eco J C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Frayling, Timothy M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hirschhorn, Joel N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ingelsson, Erik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loos, Ruth J F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montgomery, Grant W</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North, Kari E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spector, Timothy D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Speliotes, Elizabeth K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goddard, Michael E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yang, Jian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visscher, Peter M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Population genetic differentiation of height and body mass index across Europe.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat Genet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nat. Genet.</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015 Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1357-62</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Across-nation differences in the mean values for complex traits are common, but the reasons for these differences are unknown. Here we find that many independent loci contribute to population genetic differences in height and body mass index (BMI) in 9,416 individuals across 14 European countries. Using discovery data on over 250,000 individuals and unbiased effect size estimates from 17,500 sibling pairs, we estimate that 24% (95% credible interval (CI) = 9%, 41%) and 8% (95% CI = 4%, 16%) of the captured additive genetic variance for height and BMI, respectively, reflect population genetic differences. Population genetic divergence differed significantly from that in a null model (height, P &lt; 3.94 × 10(-8); BMI, P &lt; 5.95 × 10(-4)), and we find an among-population genetic correlation for tall and slender individuals (r = -0.80, 95% CI = -0.95, -0.60), consistent with correlated selection for both phenotypes. Observed differences in height among populations reflected the predicted genetic means (r = 0.51; P &lt; 0.001), but environmental differences across Europe masked genetic differentiation for BMI (P &lt; 0.58).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26366552?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Perry, John R B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Day, Felix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elks, Cathy E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulem, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thompson, Deborah J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferreira, Teresa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">He, Chunyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chasman, Daniel I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esko, Tõnu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thorleifsson, Gudmar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albrecht, Eva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ang, Wei Q</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corre, Tanguy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cousminer, Diana L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feenstra, Bjarke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franceschini, Nora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganna, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnson, Andrew D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kjellqvist, Sanela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lunetta, Kathryn L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McMahon, George</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolte, Ilja M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paternoster, Lavinia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porcu, Eleonora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, Albert V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stolk, Lisette</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teumer, Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tšernikova, Natalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tikkanen, Emmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulivi, Sheila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wagner, Erin K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amin, Najaf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bierut, Laura J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byrne, Enda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hottenga, Jouke-Jan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koller, Daniel L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangino, Massimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pers, Tune H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" 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Diether</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lindblom, Annika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mägi, Reedik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusson, Patrik K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mannermaa, Arto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin, Nicholas G</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masson, Gisli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Patrick F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McArdle, Wendy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melbye, Mads</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michailidou, Kyriaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mihailov, Evelin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milani, Lili</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milne, Roger L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nevanlinna, Heli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neven, Patrick</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nohr, Ellen A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oldehinkel, Albertine J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oostra, Ben A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palotie, Aarno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peacock, Munro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedersen, Nancy L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peterlongo, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peto, Julian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharoah, Paul D P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postma, Dirkje S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pouta, Anneli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pylkäs, Katri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radice, Paolo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ring, Susan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivadeneira, Fernando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robino, Antonietta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, Lynda M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudolph, Anja</style></author><author><style 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size="100%">Murray, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Easton, Douglas F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stefansson, Kari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murabito, Joanne M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ong, Ken K</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Australian Ovarian Cancer Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GENICA Network</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">kConFab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LifeLines Cohort Study</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">InterAct Consortium</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early Growth Genetics (EGG) Consortium</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parent-of-origin-specific allelic associations among 106 genomic loci for age at menarche.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nature</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alleles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Mass Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast Neoplasms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardiovascular Diseases</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genetic Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genome-Wide Association Study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genomic Imprinting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Membrane Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Menarche</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovary</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitative Trait Loci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, GABA-B</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, Retinoic Acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribonucleoproteins</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Oct 2</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">514</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">92-7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Age at menarche is a marker of timing of puberty in females. It varies widely between individuals, is a heritable trait and is associated with risks for obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and all-cause mortality. Studies of rare human disorders of puberty and animal models point to a complex hypothalamic-pituitary-hormonal regulation, but the mechanisms that determine pubertal timing and underlie its links to disease risk remain unclear. Here, using genome-wide and custom-genotyping arrays in up to 182,416 women of European descent from 57 studies, we found robust evidence (P &lt; 5 × 10(-8)) for 123 signals at 106 genomic loci associated with age at menarche. Many loci were associated with other pubertal traits in both sexes, and there was substantial overlap with genes implicated in body mass index and various diseases, including rare disorders of puberty. Menarche signals were enriched in imprinted regions, with three loci (DLK1-WDR25, MKRN3-MAGEL2 and KCNK9) demonstrating parent-of-origin-specific associations concordant with known parental expression patterns. Pathway analyses implicated nuclear hormone receptors, particularly retinoic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid-B2 receptor signalling, among novel mechanisms that regulate pubertal timing in humans. Our findings suggest a genetic architecture involving at least hundreds of common variants in the coordinated timing of the pubertal transition.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7520</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25231870?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>