<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calitri, Carmelina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gabiano, Clara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galli, Luisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chiappini, Elena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giaquinto, Carlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buffolano, Wilma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genovese, Orazio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esposito, Susanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernardi, Stefania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Martino, Maurizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tovo, Pier-Angelo</style></author></authors><translated-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italian Register for HIV Infection in Children</style></author></translated-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The second generation of HIV-1 vertically exposed infants: a case series from the Italian Register for paediatric HIV infection.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Infect Dis</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMC Infect. Dis.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-HIV Agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Birth Weight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cesarean Section</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV-1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy Complications, Infectious</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy Outcome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prospective Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viral Load</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zidovudine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">277</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;BACKGROUND: &lt;/b&gt;In the Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) era, the prognosis of children perinatally infected with HIV-1 has significantly improved, so the number of perinatally-infected females entering child-bearing age and experiencing motherhood is increasing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;A description of the medical history and pregnancy outcomes of women with perinatal acquired HIV-1 infection enrolled in the Italian Register for HIV infection in Children.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;Twenty-three women had 29 pregnancies. They had started an antiretroviral therapy at a median of 7.7 years (interquartile range, IQR 2.3 - 11.4), and had experienced a median of 4 therapeutic regimens (IQR 2-6). Twenty women (87%) had taken zidovudine (AZT) before pregnancy, in 14 cases as a starting monotherapy. In 21 pregnancies a protease inhibitor-based regimen was used. At delivery, the median of CD4+ T lymphocytes was 450/μL (IQR 275-522), and no viral load was detectable in 15 cases (reported in 21 pregnancies). Twenty-eight children were delivered through caesarean section (median gestational age: 38 weeks, IQR 36-38, median birth weight: 2550 grams, IQR 2270 - 3000). Intravenous AZT was administered during delivery in 26 cases. All children received oral AZT (median: 42 days, IQR 31 - 42), with no adverse events reported. No child acquired HIV-1 infection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Despite a long history of maternal infection, multiple antiretroviral regimens and, perhaps, the development of drug-resistant viruses, the risk of mother-to-child transmission does not seem to have increased among the second-generation of HIV-1 exposed infants.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24885649?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olivito, Biagio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taddio, Andrea</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simonini, Gabriele</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Massai, Cristina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ciullini, Sara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gambineri, Eleonora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">de Martino, Maurizio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azzari, Chiara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cimaz, Rolando</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Defective FOXP3 expression in patients with acute Kawasaki disease and restoration by intravenous immunoglobulin therapy.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin Exp Rheumatol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clin. Exp. Rheumatol.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flow Cytometry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forkhead Transcription Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genotype</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunoglobulins, Intravenous</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Italy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Messenger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010 Jan-Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93-7</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;OBJECTIVES: &lt;/b&gt;The aims of this study were: 1) to investigate forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) expression in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), exploring possible differences during the acute phase and after defervescence; 2) to evaluate a possible association of the FOXP3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 543 (SNP ID: rs2232367) with KD.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;METHODS: &lt;/b&gt;FOXP3 expression was evaluated on 8 children with KD and 15 healthy children by flow cytometry and Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). FOXP3 SNP 543 was genotyped by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and sequencing on DNA samples from 58 additional children with KD and 114 healthy donors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;RESULTS: &lt;/b&gt;The frequencies of CD4+CD25 +FOXP3+ regulatory T cells were significantly (p=0.0002) lower during the acute phase of KD than in sex- and age-matched healthy donors (median % + SD: 4.8+/-1.3 vs. 7.7+/-1.7) and a similar tendency was revealed for FOXP3 mRNA transcripts (p&lt;0.0001). FOXP3 expression increased significantly, at both protein and mRNA levels, after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy treatment and achieving complete remission of disease (at least 48 hrs; median 9.5 days, range 2-30). Of the 58 patients screened, only one female subject (1.7%) carried the presence of 543 SNP in heterozygosis (C&gt;T; for a total of 1 allele out of 88), with no difference between KD patients and controls (0.0%, 0/203 alleles).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;CONCLUSIONS: &lt;/b&gt;Our data reinforce the notion of an impaired immunoregulation in KD, suggesting also a role of IVIG treatment in modifying the Treg compartment. FOXP3 SNP 543 does not seem to be involved in susceptibility to KD in Italian children.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 Suppl 57</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20412712?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record></records></xml>